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		<title>Rojava: A GEN Z Alternative to Capitalist Patriarchy</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2026/02/06/rojava-a-gen-z-alternative-to-capitalist-patriarchy/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Feb 2026 14:40:16 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gen Z]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Revolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[international solidarity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kurdistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rojava]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Struggles]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Written by Murat Bakur as a part of the book &#8220;GEN Z MAKES HISTORY&#8221; edited by George Katsifikas, featuring essays about late years revolts around the world. Available FREE pdf of the book here: https://www.eroseffect.com/gen-z-makes-history __ Generation Z was born into the digital age, and the internet has been part of their lives since day one. For this reason, Gen Z is also called the “digital Generation.” Although they have certain widely accepted general characteristics, attempting to describe them through rigid stereotypes can be misleading. Definitions that portray Gen Z solely as a group that only communicates digitally are deceptive.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2026/02/06/rojava-a-gen-z-alternative-to-capitalist-patriarchy/">Rojava: A GEN Z Alternative to Capitalist Patriarchy</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><strong>Written by Murat Bakur</strong> as a part of the book <strong>&#8220;GEN Z MAKES HISTORY&#8221; </strong>edited by George Katsifikas, featuring essays about late years revolts around the world. Available FREE pdf of the book here: <a href="https://www.eroseffect.com/gen-z-makes-history" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.eroseffect.com/gen-z-makes-history </a></p>



<p>__</p>



<p></p>



<p>Generation Z was born into the digital age, and the internet has been part of their lives since day one. For this reason, Gen Z is also called the “digital Generation.” Although they have certain widely accepted general characteristics, attempting to describe them through rigid stereotypes can be misleading. Definitions that portray Gen Z solely as a group that only communicates digitally are deceptive. This generation resembles a volcanic mountain ready to erupt, with an unpredictability about when it will spring into action. That observation can be observed in the powerful actions they have already carried out around the world. They have toppled three regimes in Asia and one in both Europe and Africa. In more than 20 other countries, they have compelled governments to reform.</p>



<p>The superficial analyses of Gen Z produced by groups that benefit from the capitalist system—claiming that “Gen Z is individualistic,” “Gen Z is financially oriented,” that they are a “lost generation”—serve no purpose other than attempting to shape and control the new generation, just as has been done with every previous one. We must pay close attention to this. No system wants the incoming generation to disrupt its “tranquil” domination. To prevent this, it creates its own experts and academics who spread theories that discredit Gen Z, while waging special warfare through mindless Tik Tok videos, “realistic” video war games, hard drugs, and other means targeted specifically at young people to blunt their revolutionary edge.</p>



<p>The capitalist definitions of Gen Z reveal cynicism and fears, but many more people greet Gen Z with open arms. Decades of past struggles produced visionaries who welcome Gen Z’s energies and actions.</p>



<p></p>


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<p><strong>Characteristics and Shortcomings of Gen Z Actions</strong></p>



<p>Perhaps the most important feature of Gen Z is its ability to organize extremely quickly through digital media and simultaneously to turn organization into action. Globalizing solidarity networks in a very short time, especially in many parts of Asia and the Middle East, they display fearless resistance against entrenched politicians. Unlike previous Gens, Gen Z has no single leader. They organize horizontally. Their leaderless structure makes them appear strategy-less, unplanned, and scattered, which limits their ability to achieve lasting results. Because they lack self-defense planning, they often face extreme violence. When the government changes or when the issues they protest are addressed, their dissent subsides. While a few individuals step up to exert political influence, Gen Z as a group has not generally offered alternative models for qualitative change. In Bangladesh and Nepal, a Nobel Prize winning economist and a former Chief Judge were accepted to lead interim governments. In the next part of this article, I consider the free territory in Rojava, Syria&nbsp; as a genuine alternative to nation-states based upon capitalist partiarchy.</p>



<p>Gen Z has already proven its fearlessness by challenging governments despite enormous state violence. They have paid a high price: more than 2,000 insurgents have been killed and thousands more wounded. The most important task now standing before us is to create a livable alternative, to move from rebellion to revolution. Whenever insurgencies compel governments to retreat or reform, similar regimes inevitably return. Over time they develop corrupt and&nbsp; anti-democratic practices. For Gen Z’s struggles to truly transcend capitalist modernity, it is crucial to have an alternative model of life. Anarchism, feminism, national liberation movements, Marxism, Leninism, Maoism, and previous episodes of class struggles have created a tremendously important history of resistance. Yet Gen Z — one of the major forces of resistance in the new century — needs a 21st Century orientation to make their gains permanent and sustainable. One-dimensional or ideologically “correct” perspectives fragment the movement rather than creating the necessary transformation of existing systems. Facing a multitude of problems, Gen Z needs a holistic system that can shed light on all problems and develop collective solutions.</p>



<p>It is vitally important that Gen Z develops a perspective that takes women’s liberation, class consciousness, grassroots democracy, and an ecological worldview as its foundations. Today, many left and socialist movements lack a strategic approach to women’s liberation. Without resolving patriarchal oppression, no radical solution is possible. Similarly, ecology either has no place or only a very limited place in the ideology of many organizations, even though the pollution and gradual destruction of nature is currently one of the world’s most critical problems.</p>



<p>Against capitalism’s effort to create an individualistic society in which people stay away from social issues and focus on “individual” problems, Gen Z can overcome incessant capitalist assaults by building its own communal culture. To do so requires a radical break from customary everyday life. If Gen Z truly wants a freer society, it must begin with itself. To do that, a radical rupture from the life offered by capitalist modernity is necessary. We must take a stand against the system’s materialist personalities and imposed gluttonous consumer habits, and we must overcome the values that treat women merely as commodities.</p>



<p></p>



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<p></p>



<p><strong>Gen Z’s Alternative in Rojava</strong></p>



<p>Since 2012, diverse peoples from northern and eastern Syria have come together in Rojava to build exactly the kind of society we need. Although it began as a Kurdish majority region, today Rojava contains a mix of Muslim Kurds, Syrian Christians, Assyrian Christians, Armenian Christians, Yazidis, Turkmen, Muslim Chechens and even atheists. A total of around three million people live harmoniously within a political framework that strives to ensure everyone’s rights are protected, women have equal representation in all organizations, and ecology is a basic principle.&nbsp;</p>



<p>An estimated 40 to 50 million Kurds in the world are divided by Syria, Iraq, Iran and Turkey. Although they lack a nation-state, Kurds have built a variety of political organizations in the four countries where they live. Creatively navigating an international constellation of forces seeking to control them, Kurds became the main ally of all forces who oppose the Islamic State (ISIS). In a region where despotic dictatorships and religious exclusivity reign, Kurds provide a refreshing alternative of diversity, tolerance and free association.</p>



<p>The Rojava Revolution has emerged as an alternative organizational model to nation-states. The Rojava experience is the concrete embodiment of “Democratic Confederalism” — the democratic, women-liberationist, and ecological paradigm developed by the leader of the Kurdish Workers’ Party (PKK), Abdullah Öcalan. This system embodies the paradigm of freedom in an alternative in every aspect of life. Youth, women, all religions, and all languages are free to organize in their own specific ways and live together freely. Although Öcalan and the PKK originally fought for a nation-state, today they have changed both tactics and that goal: they believe in creating liberated democratic confederations similar to the Zapatista caracoles in which people can live freely.</p>



<p></p>


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<figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ROJAVA-DECLARATION-1024x576.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24247" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ROJAVA-DECLARATION-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ROJAVA-DECLARATION-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ROJAVA-DECLARATION-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ROJAVA-DECLARATION-60x34.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ROJAVA-DECLARATION.jpg 1280w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>
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<p></p>



<p>Nation-states are fundamentally militaristic, nationalist, sexist, and religious. Governments have made people dependent on the state in matters of security, administration, and basic needs such as water and food. Democratic confederalism is an alternative created to oppose dependency, and it is an alternative to the nation-state itself. The goal of this system is the liberation of economy, culture, politics, and every dimension of social life—and to develop necessary self-defense to protect hard-won freedoms. The basic organizational forms of confederalism are academies, cooperatives, assemblies, and communes.</p>



<p>Academies play a strategic role in the formation of the educational system. Cooperatives in which members share responsibilities and reap the products of their labor is another fundamental organizational tool to protect society from giant monopolies and establish enterprises owned communally. People have organized themselves into communes and assemblies in every city, every village, and every neighborhood to solve their own problems together in solidarity with one another.</p>



<p>Nation-states monopolize all means of defense in order to control society. That is why self-defense is one of the foundational elements of democratic confederalism. All civilian and political organizations are built from the grassroots. Over more than&nbsp; a decade of repelling attacks by ISIS and other Islamists as well as Erdogan’s Turkish army and air force,&nbsp; more than 11,000 Rojava communards have lost their lives. Many more Iraqi Kurds have also been killed by regimes there.</p>



<p>Internationalist revolutionary youth from many countries of the world (England, Spain, Italy, Greece, Germany, USA, and others) came to Rojava to embrace the Rojava revolution against the threat posed by ISIS. In 2015, the Internationalist Freedom Battalion was formed by Marxist-Leninist, Maoist, and anarchist fighters from outside Syria. Beginning on June 10, 2015, they arrived to support the People’s Protection Units (YPG) against the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria in the Rojava War. Inspired by the International Brigades of the Spanish Civil War, at least 300 international fighters were also killed in the fighting. Most of the militias fought under the umbrella of the YPG before forming into other groups such as the Internationalist Freedom Battalion. Foreigners also helped to create the Rojava Information Center (<a href="https://rojavainformationcenter.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://rojavainformationcenter.org</a>).</p>



<p>So, what is the history of the Rojava Revolution?</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="682" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-13-years-revolution-1024x682.jpeg" alt="" class="wp-image-24981" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-13-years-revolution-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-13-years-revolution-300x200.jpeg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-13-years-revolution-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-13-years-revolution-1536x1023.jpeg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-13-years-revolution-720x480.jpeg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-13-years-revolution.jpeg 1600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p><strong>The Rojava Revolution</strong></p>



<p>Just when Gen Z was being born, popular uprisings that began in Tunisia at the end of 2010, spontaneously spread across the Middle East, and became known as the “Arab Spring,” which reached Syria on 15 March 2011. The greatest success of the uprising that turned into a bloody civil war in Syria was the Rojava Revolution. Syrian Kurds neither took the side of the Baath regime nor the gangs formed against it. Choosing the Third Way, the Kurds led the “Spring of the Peoples” with the understanding of a “democratic nation.” Ultimately, they formed the basis of today’s Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF).</p>



<p>To demonstrate their determination for revolution, Syrian Kurds established the Democratic Society Movement (TEV-DEM) and the People’s Council of Western Kurdistan (MGRK) to form their own political unity in the face of attacks from both the regime and the forces described as “opposition.” Originally launched in northern and eastern Syria, Friday marches were held across the country. Following these protests, basic services previously run by the Assad regime were taken over by popular assemblies. In Afrin, language courses in Kurdish, a banned language in Turkey and Syria, were opened. For the first time, Kurdish children enrolled in primary and preparatory schools and received education in their own language.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="663" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-defenders-1024x663.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24983" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-defenders-1024x663.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-defenders-300x194.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-defenders-768x497.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-defenders.jpg 1120w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p><strong>The People Seize Power</strong></p>



<p>On July 18, 2012, a meeting in Damascus, the capital of Syria, was attended by the heads of all major regime institutions. A massive explosion occurred, killing most officials. A day later, regime forces were driven out of Kobanê, led by Kurdish youth and with the participation of the people. Following Kobanê, the people seized power in Afrin, Serêkaniyê, Dirbêsiyê, Amûdê, Dêrik, Girkê Legê, Tirbêspiyê, and Til Temîr. On the same day, the Kurds declared a people&#8217;s government in Kobanê, which they named a canton, under the slogan “Democratic Syria, Autonomous Rojava.” July 19 became the starting date of the revolution. The declaration in Kobanê was followed by the declaration of new cantons in Afrin and Qamishli. As fighting intensified, people first formed local defense units and engaged in self-defense activities in the streets. Later, the YPG and Women&#8217;s Protection Units (YPJ), were officially established, although their foundations were laid years earlier during the resistance against the Baath regime’s massacres.</p>



<p>The first step taken in 2012 in the liberated areas, cities, towns, and villages was the establishment of People&#8217;s Houses. Through meetings and training sessions, people fully grasped autonomous administration. Security emerged as a fundamental concern. On this basis, people began to establish a self-defense system after the first steps of forming small defense groups. Another important task was to improve relations between the region&#8217;s divided communities while also taking the first steps to strengthen women&#8217;s power and to provide services to all in need.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1024" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Rojava_Collage-1024x1024.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24984" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Rojava_Collage-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Rojava_Collage-300x300.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Rojava_Collage-150x150.jpg 150w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Rojava_Collage-768x768.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Rojava_Collage-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Rojava_Collage-2048x2048.jpg 2048w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Rojava_Collage-480x480.jpg 480w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>As People’s Houses stimulated grassroots actions, the shape of autonomous administration changed. People’s Houses evolved into broader communes. Thousands of communes were established in villages and neighborhoods. Under the umbrella of these communes, education, defense, health, economy, and social services were provided. Members received training to play active roles, and separate women’s and youth communes were also created. Communes soon transformed into broader organizational structures organized as assemblies. City, village, and neighborhood assemblies were formed, consisting of representatives from communes, political parties, and municipal service institutions. Neighborhood assemblies were merged into city assemblies, and similar steps were taken at district and town levels. In December 2013, the first conference of city, district, and town assemblies was held, and a co-chair system was adopted for assemblies and communes, according to which every assembly, commune, and institution would have one female and one male co-chair. This dealt a major blow to the male-dominated mindset that had ignored women for years. Young people have continually played a major role in expanding democracy in Rojava.</p>



<p>Joint struggles were waged to unite ethnic and religious groups in the region, and significant progress was made fighting the provocations of Nusra (an affiliate of Al-Qaeda). The ISIS attack on Kobanê in 2014 was defeated through the unity of all peoples, beliefs, and different ethnicities in Northern and Eastern Syria. Years of fighting galvanized military units and command structures. The creation of&nbsp; joint administrations to establish a free and equal lives further strengthened the military forces under the umbrella of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). In Rojava, one observer noted “a novel synthesis, a militant vertical organization empowers a communal, horizontal politics.”<a href="#_ftn1" id="_ftnref1">[1]</a></p>



<p>After this revolutionary advance, education in peoples’ mother tongues was intensified. Approximately 100 schools were opened in the region, and approximately 1,000 teachers were trained. Significant research on regional culture was initiated. Cultural and artistic centers with music groups, folklore, theater, and children&#8217;s groups were established. Committees were established to meet the needs of the people and address social, legal, and economic issues. A “justice committee” was established as an alternative to the Syrian legal system. Furthermore, a “social justice department” was created within the Mesopotamian Academy of Social Sciences on April 4, 2013, to improve the legal system.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="990" height="556" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-women.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24985" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-women.jpg 990w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-women-300x168.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-women-768x431.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 990px) 100vw, 990px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p><strong>Women’s Organizations</strong></p>



<p>Female combatants have been centrally important to the defense of Rojava. Active since the beginning of the revolution and organized under the name Yekîtiya Star,<a href="#_ftn2" id="_ftnref2"><strong>[2]</strong></a><strong> </strong>they created women’s assemblies and women’s houses. Priority was given to women’s representation in people’s assemblies, and women’s science-education centers and academies were opened in many cities. Women took their places in all administrations under the co-chair system and played active roles in education, family, politics, economy, and public security through women’s institutions.</p>



<p>Due to embargoes imposed on the region, the population facing severe shortages of medicine, flour, fuel, and other daily needs. To organize aid coming from abroad, the Kurdish Red Crescent (Heyvâ Sor) was established to break the embargo, build a non-capitalist system, and solve daily problems. In 2013, the Economic Development Institution for North and East Syria was founded. Aiming to develop an economy based on the people, this institution gave priority to cooperatives, starting in Kobanê and Dêrik.</p>



<p>At the end of 2013, the autonomous administration system recognized Kurdish, Arabic, and Assyrian as official languages. Other linguistic constituencies were granted the right to learn their own languages. Women’s representation in institutions was set at a minimum of 40%, and the participation of all regional components built on three pillars: Legislative Assembly, Executive Council, and High Court. All this multi-ethnic diversity has provided challenges that demand compromises, such as reversing a ban on polygamy in Arab-majority regions. In the fight for Kobanê, the SDF agreed to accept the offer of US air cover.</p>



<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="400" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-youth.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24986" style="width:700px;height:auto" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-youth.jpg 600w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-youth-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">JINHAGENCY</figcaption></figure>
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<p></p>



<p><strong>Youth’s Ownership of the Rojava Revolution</strong></p>



<p>The second Middle East Youth Conference was held in Kobanê on February 20, 2019. Organized under the slogan <strong>“Toward a colorful and democratic Middle East under the leadership of youth,”</strong> the conference hosted more than 300 delegates from the four parts of Kurdistan, as well as Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Libya, Armenia, Egypt, Turkey, Tunisia, Yemen, North Africa, and Sudan. The economic, political, and social crises in the region were discussed within the framework of capitalist modernity. In this context, solutions to the deadlock facing the Middle East were debated from fresh, youthful perspectives. At the end of the conference, steps were taken toward establishing a coordination council among youth organizations and developing joint political actions.</p>



<p>Led especially by <strong>Generation Z, </strong>young people organized the First<strong> World Youth Conference</strong> in Paris, France, between November 3–5, 2023. The conference brought together 400 delegates representing 95 youth organizations from 49 countries worldwide. Alongside participants from many European countries, young people from the Philippines, Kyrgyzstan, Sudan, Kenya, Mali, the United States, Mexico, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Ecuador met with youth from the four parts of Kurdistan. The discussions and exchanges during the conference were strongly endorsed the demand for<strong> freedom of imprisoned Kurdish leader Abdullah Öcalan</strong>. The problems faced by revolutionary youth around the world were central to the agenda, emphasizing the importance of <strong>struggling together against the fragmentation created by the system</strong>. During the conference, solidarity was declared with all oppressed peoples, particularly the Palestinian people and the Kurdistan freedom movement. It was also stated that a common struggle would be carried out to protect the gains of peoples in Rojava and in many parts of the world.</p>



<p>Within the Democratic Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, young people work in a distinctively autonomous manner. There is no imposition or top-down direction on youth councils or youth institutions in any field. Youth organizations determine their own forms of organization and modes of action. Education, organizational activities, as well as cultural and sports programs for young people are coordinated directly by youth councils themselves. As the pioneering and driving force of the revolution, youth take an active role in post-war reconstruction efforts, organize aid campaigns for those affected by war, and carry out support and play activities for children. Within the framework of women’s liberation, young people organize activities for <strong>November 25, the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women</strong>, as well as marches, panels, and street actions on <strong>March 8, International Women’s Day</strong>. The struggle against patriarchal mentality stands at the center of youth work.</p>



<p>In the field of culture and arts, young people play an important role in preserving the cultures of peoples by organizing music and theater festivals that include all communities and cultures, as well as photography, cinema, and painting workshops. Youth also carry out significant activities on ecology by organizing meetings, actions, and events such as tree-planting campaigns and repairing damage caused to nature by war. Through the sports tournaments they organize, youth contribute to social solidarity and healthy living. In addition, by holding commemorative events on the anniversaries of massacres and attacks to honor those who lost their lives, youth take the lead in keeping social memory alive.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="481" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-ecology-1024x481.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-24987" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-ecology-1024x481.webp 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-ecology-300x141.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-ecology-768x361.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/rojava-ecology.webp 1170w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p><strong>Ecology in Rojava&nbsp;</strong></p>



<p>Ecological work in Rojava faced significant obstacles in the implementation of many projects due to attacks from various jihadist groups and Turkey. Nevertheless, significant progress has been made in the ecological field. The first steps towards ecological production were taken by the village communes that began to form in 2012. In 2014, cooperatives were established to secure the food supply, and the first decisions were made to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.</p>



<p>The Ecology Committee was officially established in 2015, and local programs began to be developed. In 2016, a large-scale campaign aimed at planting hundreds of thousands of trees was launched. Starting in 2017, solar panel projects were developed to address power outages. Solar energy systems began to be installed at homes and cooperatives. In 2018, Jinwar, a women-run ecological village, was officially opened. This village is based on organic farming, natural building materials, solar energy, and collective living. In 2019, initiatives were launched to preserve local seeds and develop agricultural practices that reduce chemical use. Small-scale organic farming trials have begun. In 2020, campaigns against environmental pollution and waste management programs were launched. Local campaigns to reduce plastic use were also launched. The Keziyên Kesk (Green Braids) Initiative was established in September 2020 to combat the ongoing environmental destruction in North and East Syria and increase soil productivity. Its work aims to help the people of North and East Syria become more self-sufficient in agriculture, thereby strengthening their resilience to embargoes. In collaboration with the Ministry of Education in North and East Syria, it has ensured that every school has a teacher teaching social ecology. As part of the “Lungs of the Village” project, millions of saplings were planted, and teams visited villages to explain the ecological destruction and how it can be reversed. In 2021, following the region&#8217;s water crisis and the decline in the Euphrates River&#8217;s flow, an emergency ecological plan was developed. Turkey regularly disrupts the flow of the Euphrates River, posing a serious threat to the region. This impacts not only agricultural activities but also access to clean drinking water. In response, water conservation campaigns were conducted, alternative irrigation methods (drip irrigation and the use of recycled water) were promoted, and local water communes were established. Solar-powered irrigation systems were expanded, and organic agricultural production increased.</p>



<p>Approximately 500,000 hectares of land previously under the control of the Assad regime have been consolidated into public land. According to a report by the Public Land Administration dated December 20, 2023, approximately 80% of this land has been allocated to agricultural cooperatives, women’s institutions, families, forests/afforestation, parks, associations, and camps for internally displaced persons. Fifty per cent of the population&#8217;s vegetable needs are now met locally. Products are delivered directly to the public at fair prices through cooperatives. More than 140,000 fruit trees have been planted to increase fruit production. Production, processing, and distribution continue through cooperatives.</p>



<p>Rojava is now nearly self-sufficient olive oil production, along with wheat, flour, bulgur, pasta, and lentil processing facilities. The Economic and Agricultural Councils continue to work on sugar, sunflower, soybean, and cotton processing and textile production facilities. Significant progress has been made in dairy production through agricultural cooperatives; dairy processing facilities now produce cheese, yogurt, and butter. While Rojava fully meets its red meat needs, it has not yet achieved self-sufficiency in white meat. Ecological production principles continue to be implemented to secure the food supply for the people of North and East Syria.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/rojava-london-1024x576.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24964" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/rojava-london-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/rojava-london-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/rojava-london-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/rojava-london-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/rojava-london-2048x1152.jpg 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">According to local police, more than 60.000 people demonstrated for solidaity to Rojava in London (JAN 2026)</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p><strong>Recognition of the Revolution</strong></p>



<p>No UN member state has officially recognized Northern and Eastern Syria. However, in October 2021, the Catalan Parliament voted to officially recognize Northern and Eastern Syria. Catalonia thereby made history as the first parliament to recognize the Rojava Revolution. With this decision, Catalan MPs declared their friendship with the Kurdish people and their opposition to Turkey’s occupation policies.</p>



<p>While the Rojava Revolution inspires worldwide opponents of ethnocentrism, religious fundamentalism and global capitalism, some local, regional, and global powers are also hostile to the outbreak of freedom, particularly the Turkish government of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. Turkey began attacking the free life of people whom they labelled “terrorists” both directly and through paramilitary proxies. With international support, Turkey continues its attacks unabated to this day. In recent years, it has been carrying out these attacks using armed drones.</p>



<p>Despite years of attacks by Turkey, its affiliated paramilitary forces, and ISIS, a significant ecological revolution led by Gen Z has been achieved in North and East Syria. In the face of ongoing threats and embargoes, the revolution is progressing step by step through communes. With its pillars of democracy, women, and ecology, the Rojava Revolution stands before us as an alternative that Gen Z can create elsewhere in the pursuit of freedom.</p>



<p></p>



<p>___</p>



<p><strong>Murat Bakur</strong> is a journalist and writer from Northern Kurdistan. His first novel, “Open Blue Freedom,” won second prize in the 5th Deniz Fırat Story and Photography Competition. Several of his short stories have been published by various news agencies. He continues his journalistic work at Medya Haber TV.</p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<p><a href="#_ftnref1" id="_ftn1">[1]</a> Matt Broomfield, <em>Hope Without Hope: Rojava and Revolutionary Commitment</em> (AK Press, 2025).</p>



<p><a href="#_ftnref2" id="_ftn2">[2]</a> Formed from the combination of the words “Star” (goddess) and “Yekîtiya” (unity), the name means “Union of All Goddesses” or “Union of Women.”</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2026/02/06/rojava-a-gen-z-alternative-to-capitalist-patriarchy/">Rojava: A GEN Z Alternative to Capitalist Patriarchy</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>Notes on Class Struggle in Indonesia- by Paul O’Banion</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/09/06/notes-on-class-struggle-in-indonesia-by-paul-obanion/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Sep 2025 22:08:12 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Global movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global civil war]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global uprisings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indonesia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Insurrection]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Revolt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Riots]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social movements]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=24661</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>After the assasination of Affan Kurniawan, a 21-year old delivery boy by a 14-ton police water cannon, all archipelago of Indonesia exploded in an anarchist social uprising.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/09/06/notes-on-class-struggle-in-indonesia-by-paul-obanion/">Notes on Class Struggle in Indonesia- by Paul O’Banion</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<p></p>



<p>Less than a year after taking office, Indonesian president&nbsp;Prabowo Subianto is facing the most militant anti-government protests in years. Recent street actions are caused by the country’s incredible inequality and rule by an entrenched political class.&nbsp;Inequality in Indonesia is extreme, and the gap between rich and poor is widening. While the middle class is shrinking, the elite is becoming ever more wealthy, and arrogantly so. The parliament recently voted themselves a substantial hike in monthly housing allowances, bringing their total monthly income to over 100 million rupiah, more than $6000. Meanwhile, the average monthly wage for workers in February 2025 was 3.09 million rupiah, less than $200. The country’s unemployment rate hovers at 15%, more for youth, the highest in Southeast Asia.</p>



<p>On Thursday morning, August 28, labor unions peacefully assembled outside the parliament building to call for higher wages, tax reform and adherence to existing labor laws. After workers dispersed, students surged around the building, demanding cancellation of politicians’ new housing allowances and dissolution of parliament. That night, <strong>Affan Kurniawan</strong>, a 21-year old Ojek driver (an online motorcycle delivery/taxi service) was run over and killed by a 14-ton police water cannon and riot control vehicle. A co-worker suffered a broken leg.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-1024x683.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24662" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-768x512.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-720x480.jpg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia.jpg 2000w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Dismissed from his role as one of the most powerful generals 30 years ago for his involvement in the disappearance of pro-democracy student activists, president Probowo now claims to be ‘shocked and amazed’ by the death of the Ojek driver. He urges calm and ordered an investigation into ‘ethical’ issues related to Affan’s death.&nbsp;The sudden eruption of militant actions across the peninsula compelled him to visit the family of the slain driver and promise that they would be supported by the government for their lifetimes. Affan’s funeral procession was made up of hundreds of green uniformed Ojek motorcycle drivers.</p>



<p>These marginalized workers daily come face to face with Indonesia&#8217;s stark inequality. They routinely pick up food at luxurious malls and deliver it to middle-class homes. Their financial situation is so precarious that on December 8, 2024, Darwin Mangudut Simanjutak starved to death in Medan as he waited for a customer’s order. The night before he died, he had complained to a friend that he hadn’t eaten because he didn’t have any money. Six months later, on May 20, 2025, thousands of drivers who worked for the Gojek online platform took to the streets in 18 cities. The Indonesia Online Drivers Union reported that at least 12 of their members had died due to fatigue because workers sometimes were on the job 18 hours per day. These drivers represent thousands of others who have been denied the benefits of the country’s economic development. For years, they have struggled to get improvements to their wages and conditions only to suffer from recent tax increases and wage reductions.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/INDONESIA-POLITICS-PROTESTS-1756476590-1024x576.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-24663" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/INDONESIA-POLITICS-PROTESTS-1756476590-1024x576.webp 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/INDONESIA-POLITICS-PROTESTS-1756476590-300x169.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/INDONESIA-POLITICS-PROTESTS-1756476590-768x432.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/INDONESIA-POLITICS-PROTESTS-1756476590-1536x864.webp 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/INDONESIA-POLITICS-PROTESTS-1756476590.webp 1920w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Despite the president’s appeal for calm, people refused to obey. After Affan’s killing, ‘<em>Pembunuh</em>’ (murderer) graffiti suddenly appeared on the streets of many cities. A leading student organization called on all citizens to join them in the streets, noting that, <a href="https://en.tempo.co/read/2044142/bem-si-bem-ui-rally-today-after-police-vehicle-runs-over-ojol-driver">‘An institution that should protect has turned into uniformed executioners, trampling the dignity of civilian citizens.’</a> </p>



<p>On Friday, August 29, rallies and protests were organized across the archipelago. Regional parliament buildings were set afire and the national parliament in Jakarta was surrounded and besieged. More than a dozen bus and subway stations were destroyed, as were highway toll booths and carefully selected police buildings. The basement and first floor of a large police headquarters in East Jakarta was heavily damaged by fire. Hundreds of protesters massed outside the headquarters of the Jakarta Police&#8217;s elite Mobile Brigade (Brimob), the unit blamed for Affan&#8217;s death, throwing firecrackers as police responded with tear gas. A determined group of protesters, screaming ‘<em>Pembunuh</em>,’ tried to tear down the gates of the notorious unit, and pulled down a sign from the building&#8217;s exterior. Protests spread to other major cities, including Bandung in West Java, Semarang in Central Java, Surabaya in East Java and Medan in North Sumatra. In Yogyakarta, people besieged the regional police headquarters for five hours. Several government vehicles, a police service center, and a traffic post were set afire. Water barriers were attacked as well, forcing closure of the northern ring road.</p>



<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="728" height="400" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-parliament.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24665" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-parliament.jpg 728w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-parliament-300x165.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The People&#8217;s Consultative Assembly of Indonesia official guesthouse burns after being set on fire</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>The next day, Saturday, August 30, people’s anger continued to be expressed. Large buildings containing the regional parliament and city council in Makassar, Sulawesi went up in flames. Three government workers were trapped in the buildings and jumped to their deaths from the third floor. Another person was mistaken for a police spy and perished after being attacked by a crowd. In Solo, former President Jokowi’s hometown, the parliament building was also torched. In Jambi, the vice-governor’s official residence burned. In Martaram, protesters set on fire the massive regional parliament. Across the country, dozens of motorcycles, cars and buses were burnt.</p>



<p>At a televised press conference on August 30, the head of the country’s police and the army commander refused to apologize for the murderous state violence. Instead, they blamed anarchists. By dawn, stunned citizens observed dozens of burnt shells of cars surrounded by rocks and bottle fragments in many urban areas. As television news teams surveyed the damages from the street fights, their headlines uniformly declared, ‘anarchists harm the public good.’</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-2025-1024x683.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24666" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-2025-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-2025-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-2025-768x512.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-2025-720x480.jpg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-2025.jpg 1360w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p><strong>Elite Arrogance Spurs Popular Response</strong></p>



<p>After students called for the dissolution of parliament, Ahmad Sahroni, an influential member of parliament, called that perspective ‘a foolish mentality…That kind of person is the most stupid person in the world.’ After Sahroni repeated his remark, he left for Singapore. While he was gone, hundreds of outraged people surged into his private residence. They looted it while soldiers stood by, pleading with people not to burn the house. The army watched as people carried away the bathtub, refrigerator, washing machine, furniture, and expensive designer bags. A watch valued at more than $300,000 was among the appropriated items. Liberated dollars and rupiah were thrown into the air for all to share in the expropriated cash.</p>



<p>Eko Patrio, another member of parliament and a popular social media influencer, served as DJ for a dance party in parliament after pay raises were enacted. His outspoken celebration led people to converge on his residence. He engaged the protesters, claiming ‘everybody makes content.’ After he left for China, his residence was looted. People also streamed into the house of finance minister Sri Mulyani and Uya Kuya before taking all their belongings.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="597" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-riots.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24667" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-riots.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-riots-300x175.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-riots-768x448.jpg 768w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Crass public statements made by leading Indonesian government officials have continually made news. When minister of human development Pratikno was asked by a journalist about a large worm killing a young child, he publicly laughed out loud. Pratikno pointed to his ‘tired eyes’ before breaking into laughter. The five-year-old child named Raya had been diagnosed with tuberculosis. Once in the hospital, a worm began to come out out her nose. After she died, tapeworms weighing approximately one kilogram were found inside her body. The country’s minister of health later claimed infection, not worms, were the cause of death.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesian-2025-protests-1024x576.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24668" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesian-2025-protests-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesian-2025-protests-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesian-2025-protests-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesian-2025-protests.jpg 1400w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Although no one knows what will happen next, clean-up crews work at a feverish pace to clear streets of burnt out vehicles and to repair public transportation infrastructure. Of more than 500 people injured, dozens are still hospitalized, according to Street Paramedics Organization. Negotiations are underway for the release of more than 600 arrested people and for punishment of police involved in the killing of Affan. One eyewitness to Affan’s murder publicly stated that the Brimob vehicle ‘suddenly sped through the middle of the road without paying attention to the gathered crowd.’ Officials have detained seven Brimob officers for ‘ethical’ questions in connection with the driver&#8217;s death. Not surprisingly, government investigators have yet even to determine who was behind the wheel.</p>



<p></p>



<p>Political reforms of little consequence to the poor have been swiftly publicized. Probowo suspended the new housing allowances. Eko has been suspended as secretary-general of National Mandate Party (PAN). Apparently the final straw came after people criticized parliament members dancing to celebrate their housing allowance raise. Eko posted a video mocking people angered by the dancing. Ahmad Sahroni was also suspended from parliament by his NasDem Party, mentioning his statements ‘have offended and hurt the feelings of the people.’ Another party member, Uya Kuya, was shown dancing over a caption reading, ‘just dance with it, you guys thought that Rp3million a day was a lot.’ She was also suspended.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="667" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-jakarta-6-rs-2747bd-1.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-24670" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-jakarta-6-rs-2747bd-1.webp 1000w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-jakarta-6-rs-2747bd-1-300x200.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-jakarta-6-rs-2747bd-1-768x512.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/indonesia-jakarta-6-rs-2747bd-1-720x480.webp 720w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>New repressive measures have also been enacted. Probowo warned that the protests could be considered ‘treason and terrorism.’ Three newly created mobile patrols of hundreds of heavily armed police now roam Jakarta. The country’s police chief ordered his officers to shoot with rubber bullets anyone who enters Brimob headquarters. The University of Indonesia has suspended all in-person classes and replaced them with online formats for at least the next week. At the same moment, preliminary reports indicate that protests continue to erupt across the archipelago.</p>



<p>Clearly, recent street actions and looting have stoked fear among the elite and middle class. The uprising has also provided new energy and pride to Ojek drivers and marginalized citizens, a palpable change that could be one of its most important outcomes. Prabowo canceled a trip to Beijing where he had long planned to attend a summit of leaders of countries opposed to US imperial actions. While he has expressed sympathy for Affan’s family, he has also promised that firm responses will meet ‘anarchist acts,’ damage to public facilities, and looting of public and private properties. Many people fear that if militant protests continue, state violence may become more murderous.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/09/06/notes-on-class-struggle-in-indonesia-by-paul-obanion/">Notes on Class Struggle in Indonesia- by Paul O’Banion</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>The State is the enemy of the Care- Notes on family abolition</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/04/21/the-state-is-the-enemy-of-the-care-notes-on-family-abolition/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 21 Apr 2025 17:04:46 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[family abolition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Queer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Queer/Trans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social movements]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=24411</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Illuminate the violence of the nuclear family structure while simultaneously encouraging more expansive networks of care.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/04/21/the-state-is-the-enemy-of-the-care-notes-on-family-abolition/">The State is the enemy of the Care- Notes on family abolition</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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<p>It was “family abolition” week in the Queer Studies class I teach, which is a topic that always gets a lot of conversation. It’s a bold shorthand for a more nuanced theory whose advocates aim to illuminate the violence of the nuclear family structure while simultaneously encouraging more expansive networks of care. </p>



<p>It’s hard to refute the facts: <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2024/nov/25/home-is-the-most-dangerous-place-for-women-to-be-global-un-femicide-report" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">the home is a site of disproportionate sexual, physical, and mental/emotional harm. </a>It’s a model that serves capitalism by <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/17/magazine/waged-housework.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">naturalizing the reproductive labor of parenting and home maintenance </a>that enables workers to get ready to go make money for a boss. It becomes an easy out for the state to use in place of actual change — rather than give everyone healthcare, for example, spousal benefits are incentivized; to maintain the barbarousness of borders, marriage is heralded as an upstanding path to crossing them. And as many activist writers have noted:<a href="https://www.againstequality.org/about/marriage/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> the benefits of marriage destroyed the radical momentum of the gay liberation movement.</a> Relatedly, marriage creates a moral center, which the state weaponizes to construct and punish the outlying “deviants.”</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="512" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLY-FAMILY-3-1024x512.png" alt="" class="wp-image-24417" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLY-FAMILY-3-1024x512.png 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLY-FAMILY-3-300x150.png 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLY-FAMILY-3-768x384.png 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLY-FAMILY-3-1536x768.png 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLY-FAMILY-3-60x30.png 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLY-FAMILY-3.png 1600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>We also know that two people are not enough to raise children, and that, as <a href="http://bookshop.org/p/books/abolish-the-family-a-manifesto-for-care-and-liberation-sophie-lewis/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sophie Lewis</a> puts it, children are part of a “lottery that drops a neonate arbitrarily among one or two or three or four individuals (of a particular class) and keeps her there for the best part of two decades without her consent.” If you are born into generational wealth and parental mental wellness, you will fare well; the rest of us are expected to pull ourselves out of our conditions by the proverbial bootstraps.</p>



<p>It’s easy for me to get excited about family abolition because the conclusion is a dreamy vision of queer worldmaking. Family abolitionists (usually) don’t say any of us need to give up our blood kin if we don’t want to, but rather that we ought to imagine real community care. That we ought to build the kind of world that doesn’t wed a child’s success to the current financial or emotional state of a couple adults, and one that allows for the work of tending —to our old, our young, our sick — to be a shared task by entire circles of people, not just whoever lives close with shared DNA or legal tethers. It’s ambitious and often out of reach, but, as queer communities have demonstrated for centuries, “chosen family” is possible.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLYAMOROUS-FAMILY-1024x683.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-24413" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLYAMOROUS-FAMILY-1024x683.webp 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLYAMOROUS-FAMILY-300x200.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLYAMOROUS-FAMILY-768x512.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLYAMOROUS-FAMILY-60x40.webp 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLYAMOROUS-FAMILY-720x480.webp 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/POLYAMOROUS-FAMILY.webp 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Family abolition has its critics, and not just from the pronatalist, family-values Right. In<a href="http://bookshop.org/p/books/feminist-theory-from-margin-to-center-bell-hooks" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center</a>, bell hooks pushes against the feminist analysis of family as the primary site of oppression as a glaringly white conclusion: “…many black women find the family the least oppressive institution.” Hooks continues: “Devaluation of family life in feminist discussion often reflects the class nature of the movement. Individuals from privileged classes rely on a number of institutional and social structures to affirm and protect their interests. The bourgeois woman can repudiate family without believing that by doing so she relinquishes the possibility of relationship, care, protection. If all else fails, she can buy care.”<a href="https://bookshop.org/p/books/rust-belt-femme-raechel-anne-jolie" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> I write regularly about </a>the way growing up poor taught me more about community care than any radical text, so I’m in firsthand agreement with hooks’ call out here. Not to mention that the idea that the state is motivated to keep families together flies in the face of the experience of poor families (disproportionately families of color) whose children get stolen from them by Child &amp; Family Services, or immigrant families who get torn apart by ICE.</p>



<p>Still, family abolitionists like Lewis, <a href="https://bookshop.org/p/books/family-abolition-capitalism-and-the-communizing-of-care-m-e-o-brien/17561686" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">M.E. O’Brien</a>, <a href="https://theconversation.com/shulamith-firestone-why-the-radical-feminist-who-wanted-to-abolish-pregnancy-remains-relevant-115730" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Shulamith Firestone </a>(and others) are also right: the nuclear household is not a sustainable model.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="566" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/immigrants-in-usa-1024x566.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24416" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/immigrants-in-usa-1024x566.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/immigrants-in-usa-300x166.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/immigrants-in-usa-768x425.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/immigrants-in-usa-1536x850.jpg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/immigrants-in-usa-60x33.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/immigrants-in-usa.jpg 1600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p>In addition to being immersed in this literature, this week also brought the following: learning that a student’s undocumented father would not be able to attend her graduation because of the Real ID Act; learning that another student’s parents were refusing to accept their daughter’s gender transition; having a horribly high-conflict experience at a meeting that could generously be described as part of my radical “chosen family”; getting excited to make brunch for my bio-family for Easter; and, feeling legitimately haunted by this image of migrants in New York in an article about the necropolitical hellscape that is the US.</p>



<p>I couldn’t shake this scene. The holding, the head leaning, the exhaustion that found refuge in beloveds’ arms. The love the love the love; the family. That’s all I kept thinking: the love, the family.</p>



<p>I have no conclusion to the mess of this, other than to say the state is the enemy of care. The state is the enemy of love. The state is the enemy of whatever version of family is worth holding onto.</p>



<p>_____</p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size">Written by <strong><a href="https://www.raechelannejolie.com/">Raechel Anne Jolie</a></strong></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><a href="https://substack.com/@raechelannejolie" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Continue reading her amazing posts for free in the Substack app</a></p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/04/21/the-state-is-the-enemy-of-the-care-notes-on-family-abolition/">The State is the enemy of the Care- Notes on family abolition</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>AI as a zombie representation of the human world</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/03/23/ai-as-a-zombie-representation-of-the-human-world/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 23 Mar 2025 12:21:54 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[beyond Post Modern]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[counter-culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[critical analysis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cultures of Resistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mark Fisher]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[post apocalyptic]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=24351</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Written by Harris Kalaitzidis (Void Network): Mark Fisher argued that the popular culture of Western societies has ‘frozen’ in the 20thcentury, with the present characterized by timeless repetitions, revivals, and a striking lack of innovation.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/03/23/ai-as-a-zombie-representation-of-the-human-world/">AI as a zombie representation of the human world</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="has-medium-font-size"><em>Written by <strong>Harris Kalaitzidis</strong>, (MA in European Philosophy from Royal Holloway University of London) and member of Void Network. His first novel, War Machine (Estia Bookstore, 2022) was honored with the Debut Novelist Award of the Hellenic Authors Society.</em></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size">Translated by <strong>Nikos Gatzikis</strong></p>



<p>____________</p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size">Marxist theorist Mark Fisher (1968–2017) posed a critical question: “Are cultural resources running out in the same way as natural resources are?” (Fisher, 2009). Through an analysis of cultural production over the past fifty years, he argued that the popular culture of Western societies has ‘frozen’ in the 20<sup>th</sup>century, with the present characterized by timeless repetitions, revivals, and a striking lack of innovation.</p>



<p>According to Fisher, the 20<sup>th</sup> century was defined by the parallel development of technological and cultural forms: the emergence of new technologies allowed for formal changes in pop culture, giving it a distinct chronological “signature”(Fisher, 2009). As examples, we can consider how the synthesizer became emblematic of the music of the ’70s and the ’80s or how the ‘rough’ assembly of samplers characterized ’90s rave music.</p>



<p>However, from 2000 onward, this trend disappears, and technological progress becomes disconnected from cultural production: technology continues to advance in leaps, but popular culture remains stagnant, clinging to its old forms. In fact, as Fisher notes, new technologies often serve not to produce new cultural forms, but to more faithfully reproduce old ones.<a href="#_ftn1" id="_ftnref1">[1]</a> In this way, today, technological innovations “have tended to be parasitic on old [cultural] media” (Fisher, 2009).</p>



<p>If Fisher diagnosed a cultural landscape trapped in an endless loop of the past,Generative AI is not just another instance of this inertia – it is its logical conclusion. I argue that applications for text, image, and sound production—such as ChatGPT, Midjourney, and Soundraw, which utilize data from human activity to generate content—exemplify the tendency Fisher identified.</p>



<p>To make this parallel clearer, we must first examine Fisher’s arguments more closely.</p>



<p></p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1200" height="999" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1-v1rbSs9c-KSr6pkENFmZxQ.jpeg" alt="" class="wp-image-21931" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1-v1rbSs9c-KSr6pkENFmZxQ.jpeg 1200w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1-v1rbSs9c-KSr6pkENFmZxQ-300x250.jpeg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1-v1rbSs9c-KSr6pkENFmZxQ-1024x852.jpeg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1-v1rbSs9c-KSr6pkENFmZxQ-768x639.jpeg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1-v1rbSs9c-KSr6pkENFmZxQ-480x400.jpeg 480w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/1-v1rbSs9c-KSr6pkENFmZxQ-601x500.jpeg 601w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>In the texts included in <a href="https://zoboko.com/book/lx23o8wo/ghosts-of-my-life-writings-on-depression-hauntology-and-lost-futures"><em>Ghosts Of My Life</em></a> (Fisher, 2014a),as well as in his blog <a href="https://k-punk.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>k-punk</em></a>, Fisher argues that the Western culture of the 20<sup>th</sup>century was essentially modernist, rejecting the past and striving to achieve some formal innovation. Moreover, in contrast to the elitist and largely inaccessible modernism of the first half of the 20<sup>th</sup>century, the period from 1960 to 2000, which shaped Fisher’s aesthetic perception, was marked by the emergence of a “popular modernism” with mass appeal (Fisher, 2014b). The examples Fisher usesare mainly drawn from British music: 1960s psychedelic rock, 1970s punk, 1980s post-punk, and 1990s rave.</p>



<p>In contrast to this era of unprecedented innovation, the popular culture of the 21<sup>st</sup> century has abandoned modernism. Cultural forms no longer rebel against the past, but embrace it and repeat it. Thus, the“nostalgia mode” of postmodern capitalism (a term by Fredric Jameson) exhibits a “<em>formal</em> attachment to the techniques and formulas of the past, a consequence of a retreat from the modernist challenge of innovating cultural forms” (Fisher, 2014a, p. 11).</p>



<p>The examples that can be used to support this idea are endless. Fisher points to the disappearance of the ‘retro’ genre in music, a category that has stopped making sense, since, today, everything is somewhat retro and essentially timeless. Thus, Adele and Amy Winehouse—whose “recordings are saturated with a vague but persistent feeling of the past” (Fisher, 2014a, p. 14)—were not considered retro, but entirely contemporary.</p>



<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/liam-gallagher-manchester-co-op-live-night-one-scaled-1-1024x576.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24354" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/liam-gallagher-manchester-co-op-live-night-one-scaled-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/liam-gallagher-manchester-co-op-live-night-one-scaled-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/liam-gallagher-manchester-co-op-live-night-one-scaled-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/liam-gallagher-manchester-co-op-live-night-one-scaled-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/liam-gallagher-manchester-co-op-live-night-one-scaled-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/liam-gallagher-manchester-co-op-live-night-one-scaled-1-60x34.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>Fisher also refers to the inability to identify the distinctive “sound” of the 2000s or 2010s, as well as the sterile appropriation of rave by bands like the Black Eyed Peas (Fisher, 2014a, p. 180) or mod by groups like Blur and Oasis. Rather than genuine tributes, he argues, these repetitions were “confidence tricks which borrowed yesterday’s inventions and half-heartedly passed them off as today’s swagger” (Fisher, 2014b). In the 2020s, one need only look at Hollywood, which increasingly resembles an Ouroboros, endlessly regurgitating its own past through sequel after sequel, spin-offs no one asked for, and countless remakes.</p>



<p>But how can we explain the disappearance of popular modernism in the 21st century? Why has pop culture stopped drawing on the creativity of technological advances? According to Fisher, the main reason is the transition of Western societies from the social democracy of the post-war period (welfare state, relative safety) to the neoliberal era ushered in by Thatcher and Reagan (expansion of the market sphere, dominance of managerial logic). This shift coincided with the transition from Fordist capitalism (stable employment in a specific space with limited hours) to today’s post-Fordist capitalism (precarious work with flexible hours, work that you take home, pervasive anxiety).</p>



<p>This transition brought significant changes to the production and consumption of art, and Fisher argues that these changes are responsible for the stagnation of contemporary pop culture. Regarding production, neoliberal capitalism “has gradually but systematically deprived artists of the resources necessary to produce the new” (Fisher, 2014a, p. 15). With the erosion of the welfare state, free tertiary education, and both private and public spaces (low rents, squats), the “indirect source of funding” that enabled experimentation in 20<sup>th</sup>century pop culture has disappeared. Today, most artists are pressured “toproduce something that [is] immediately [profitable]”and thus turn to “cultural products that resembl[e] what [is] already successful” (Fisher, 2014a, p. 15).</p>



<p>At the same time, in terms of consumption, the audience of pop culture ends up desiring the reproduction of familiar forms, demanding ‘more of the same.’ The neoliberal condition of general uncertainty compels usto seek security in “established” cultural expressions, while the “besieging of attention” imposed by the technologies of communicative capitalism makes us “demand quick fixes,” such as the “easy promise of a minimal variation on an already familiar satisfaction” (Fisher, 2014a, p. 15). In this way, Fisher argues, neoliberalism is the primary mechanism behind the freezing of pop culture.<a id="_ftnref2" href="#_ftn2">[2]</a></p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1024" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/ai-zombie-now-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24355" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/ai-zombie-now-1.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/ai-zombie-now-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/ai-zombie-now-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/ai-zombie-now-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/ai-zombie-now-1-60x60.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/ai-zombie-now-1-480x480.jpg 480w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>I feel that Generative AI represents the culmination of the creative enervationthat Fisher diagnosed. Artificial intelligence is anachronistic by nature, inherently bound to the cultural production of the past. Its function is to metabolize the data of human activity (literature, painting, music) in orderto produce combinations of words, pixels, and sounds that satisfactorily respond to a given prompt.</p>



<p>Indeed, AI is very capable. ChatGPT can write a good paragraph “in the style of Woolf,” Midjourney can generate a good image “in the style of Monet,” So-VITS-SVC can even make songs with Tupac’s voice. But they cannot revolt. They cannot rupture. They cannot escape the weight of the pastand bring something new. Paraphrasing Fisher, we might say that “the law of [AI] is that everything comes back” (Fisher, 2014b), whether it be writing styles, artistic techniques, or even the dead themselves.</p>



<p>Thus, if AI artists are selling images online, if Kanye is releasing AI music videos, if Hollywood is considering using chatbots to write scripts and if inspired dissertations are already being drafted by ChatGPT, the result is utterly void. The only thingAI can do is ingest what has already happened and regurgitate it as formula, as undead forms that refuse to disappear. In this sense, Generative AI is the perfect realization of capital’s necromanticdream: culture that consumes itself endlessly, resurrecting the past while preventing the emergence of the new.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/the-bloom-of-youth-1024x576.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24356" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/the-bloom-of-youth-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/the-bloom-of-youth-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/the-bloom-of-youth-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/the-bloom-of-youth-60x34.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/the-bloom-of-youth.jpg 1434w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>It follows that debates about AI’s “intelligence” or “consciousness” are absurd. The fact that we recognize our own reflectionin AI says more about us than it does about it. The ability of AI-generated self-help books or young adult fiction to selldoes not mean that AI writes ‘like a human’ – it means that, for decades, many humans have been writing, reading, and thinking like machines.</p>



<p>Thus, when we speak of AI’s (present or future, actual or virtual) “consciousness,” this tells us nothing about the algorithm’s“intelligence”, but insteadreveals how much we have mechanized our thinking, how much we have distancedourselves from our own bodies, our own experiences, andour own creative capacities, to the point that we now see our image reflected in binary code.</p>



<p>The moment we disconnect consciousness from the emergence of the new is the moment we surrender to the sterile timelessness of capitalist non-sense.</p>



<p>_____________</p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Haris Kalaitzidis</strong></p>



<p></p>



<p><strong><u>References</u></strong></p>



<p>Fisher, M. (2014a). <a href="https://zoboko.com/book/lx23o8wo/ghosts-of-my-life-writings-on-depression-hauntology-and-lost-futures" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Ghosts of my life: Writings on depression, hauntology and lost futures</em></a>. Zer0 Books.</p>



<p>Fisher, M. (2014b, January 5). Going overground. <em>k-punk</em>. <a href="https://k-punk.org/going-overground/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://k-punk.org/going-overground/</a></p>



<p>Fisher, M. (2009, April 15). Running on empty: The lack of innovation in pop music suggests that we are experiencing an energy crisis in culture. <em>New Statesman</em>. <a href="https://www.newstatesman.com/long-reads/2009/04/culture-technology-energy-rave" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.newstatesman.com/long-reads/2009/04/culture-technology-energy-rave</a></p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<p><a href="#_ftnref1" id="_ftn1">[1]</a> Fisher cites the example of HD televisions, where “we see the same old things, but brighter and glossier” (Fisher, 2009). In the 21<sup>st</sup> century, we might consider how Hollywood uses CGI to make aging actors appear younger (e.g., Robert De Niro) or to resurrect them entirely (e.g., Carrie Fisher).</p>



<p><a href="#_ftnref2" id="_ftn2">[2]</a>If Fisher’s analysis has a limitation, this ishis tendency to overwhelmingly focus on neoliberalism without situating it within the broader tendencies of capitalism and the oscillation between the contractual and the authoritarian poles of the state. As a result, and even though Fisher insists that he is not proposing some nostalgic return to social democracy, his work—or, at least, many interpretations of it—struggles to shake the sense that things ‘were better back then’, and that the main problem in today’s world is neoliberalism. I suspect this was one of the reasons that led him to take up one unviablepolitical position after another: engaging with accelerationism and left cybernetics in his youth, becoming enamoured with Syriza, Podemos, and Corbyn later on, and attacking the “neo-anarchist” tendency of horizontalism and rejection of parliamentary politics.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/03/23/ai-as-a-zombie-representation-of-the-human-world/">AI as a zombie representation of the human world</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>Technofascism and the AI Stage of Late Capitalism</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/03/11/technofascism-and-the-ai-stage-of-late-capitalism/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Mar 2025 21:04:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Artificial Intelligence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[technofascism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[technopopulism]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=24319</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Why call this mode of governing technofascism? Fascists have swapped their black boots and black shirts for keyboards, but their misogyny and their aggressive culture persist.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/03/11/technofascism-and-the-ai-stage-of-late-capitalism/">Technofascism and the AI Stage of Late Capitalism</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Technologies produce disorientation</strong></p>



<p>Since the release of <a href="https://help.openai.com/en/articles/6825453-chatgpt-release-notes" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ChatGPT 3.5 in November 2022</a> and the extraordinary AI hype that has followed in the last two years, we have witnessed a repositioning of Big Tech companies. Notably, Microsoft (the owner and controller of OpenAI), Meta (with its Llama model), Amazon (through its Amazon Web Services infrastructure), and Google (with its Gemini project, which aims to revolutionize search engines and cloud services) have all made strategic moves.</p>



<p>However, the practical utility of generative AI remains somewhat unclear. Companies are investing billions in substantial computing power, chips, and new, energy-intensive data centers without a clear business plan or a projected future revenue stream. The recent development of <a href="https://api-docs.deepseek.com/news/news250120" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Deepseek r1</a> shows that such high levels of investment, energy and infrastructure were not really needed. This raises questions about the tangible value that AI is actually delivering. Political economist <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4D-EPNFQuA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nick Srnicek</a> has asked, “[w]hat value is AI producing?” Countless media articles have been published to claim that AI will solve cancer, will increase productivity in nearly all sectors of the economy, while probably destroying millions of jobs along the way. <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2024/05/15/hype-or-reality-will-ai-really-take-over-your-job/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>Click here to find out if your job will be made redundant by AI</em></a>. The media created a narrative of fear and hope familiar to technological development: that we are living in a great period of technological advancement and that things will never be the same.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-sylicon-valley-1024x576.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24323" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-sylicon-valley-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-sylicon-valley-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-sylicon-valley-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-sylicon-valley-60x34.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-sylicon-valley.jpg 1440w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Although still progressing rapidly, we can now observe that the AI landscape appears more established today, in March 2025. Big Tech is now the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2024/nov/11/a-new-era-dawns-americas-tech-bros-now-strut-their-stuff-in-the-corridors-of-power" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">broligarchy</a>, proudly <a href="https://bylinetimes.com/2025/01/26/the-tech-trump-alliance/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">parading at Trump inauguration day</a> and showing its ideological alignment to his Project 2025. The reactionary project of Trump and the tech broligarchs is to depoliticize technology and AI. By depoliticizing AI, I mean abdicating the responsibility of questioning its role and power in society. This is a form of fatalism that accepts the current state-of-affairs without questioning its legitimacy. The Tech Broligarchy is a new form of oligarchy since it draws its symbolic power from the image of technology as sheer unstoppable force. They deserve their position due to their <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/naomiaklein.bsky.social/post/3lgtg2oe7k22f" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">almost divine</a> connection to <a href="https://www.sup.org/books/theory-and-philosophy/technics-and-time-1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><em>prometheia</em></a>, the faculty of foresight. They hold power because they participate in technological progress, and we should not hinder this new great acceleration. However, the issue with this image of technology is its monolithic and linear understanding. AI is thus portrayed as the pinnacle of technological evolution (well-captured in <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIhb5pEo_j0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ChatGPT’s teleological advertisement</a>).</p>



<p>Antidemocratic decisions, Sieg Heil&nbsp;salutes, geopolitical threats as well as other inflamed speeches from Donald Trump and Elon Musk in the recent weeks have produced an emerging collective recognition that fascism is not simply coming, but that <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2025/02/elon-musk-bureaucratic-coup/681559/">fascism is now in power </a>in the United States. It is a commonplace to claim that yesteryear’s fascism will not look like a new form of fascism. This is a point worth emphasizing, however, given the malleability of reactionary ideas to thrive in new sociopolitical environments. The question “how do we recognize fascism?” is thus <em>untimely</em> (in Nietzsche’s sense), both a historical and contemporary one.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-theory-Elon-Mask-1024x683.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-24322" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-theory-Elon-Mask-1024x683.webp 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-theory-Elon-Mask-300x200.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-theory-Elon-Mask-768x512.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-theory-Elon-Mask-60x40.webp 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-theory-Elon-Mask-720x480.webp 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/techno-fascism-theory-Elon-Mask.webp 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>The arrival of technofascism</strong></p>



<p>Elon Musk’s unelected Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), tasked to reorganize U.S. Digital Services, has <em>de facto</em> seized control of <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/doge-elon-musk-leadership-administrator/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">the United States administration</a> with an incredible speed. The same Musk, who was <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/27/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-ai-biggest-existential-threat" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">warning against the existential threat of AI</a>, is now designing a new AI system to modernize process and <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/doge/federal-workers-agencies-push-back-elon-musks-email-ultimatum-rcna193439" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">identify possible layoffs</a>. An executive order signed on Inauguration Day set to <a href="https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/trump-revokes-biden-executive-order-addressing-ai-risks-2025-01-21/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">revoke AI safety measures</a> that required “developers of AI systems that pose risks to US national security, economy, health, or public safety to share the results of safety tests with the US government.”</p>



<p>Core to technofascism is a belief that regulations hinder corporate innovation by preventing exploitation of people, nonhumans and nature (whether it is manufacturing safety standards, worker protections, clean air and water protections, food safety, conservation, or financial regulations). This is based on a dogmatic image of technology <em>as unidirectional</em> (innovation going either forward or backward), while in reality, technological progress is based on incremental improvement, maintenance, and regulation.</p>



<p><a href="https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/elon-musk-regulations-default-gone_n_67a12742e4b09a02376043c7" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Elon Musk’s statement</a> that “[r]egulations, basically, should be default gone,” expresses his abhorrence to all forms of state interference (fiscal, legal or social) in favor of “natural” order in which the strong or the chosen ones (the autocrats) will rule. In this mindset, regulations are seen as burdensome obstacles to unhindered acceleration of innovation (much like the overhyped, mocked and now defunct <a href="https://thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/the-hyperloop-a-200-year-history-of-hype-and-failure/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">“hyperloop”</a>). Some have analyzed how this was conceived as <a href="https://www.thenerdreich.com/reboot-elon-musk-ceo-dictator-doge/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">state institutional “reboot.”</a> Musk is asking the public to adopt a CEO tech bro mindset that values and rewards coders and makers over maintenance and responsible tech workers, or, to put it differently, aggressive technological innovation over careful integration. He called this an “AI-first strategy”, but this is deeply <a href="https://samf.substack.com/p/technology-vs-democracy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">antidemocratic</a> because there can be no rule of law without any rules, laws or norms. This perceived anarchy, praised by a self-styled rebel, is actually a power-grab: a merger between Big Tech and the US federal state.</p>



<p>Thus, technofascism seized power by promoting a familiar image of technology rooted in an innovation-centric history—that is, predominantly white, male and wealthy. This history obscures the everyday use of non-Western, non-rich, non-white and non-masculine technologies (or <a href="https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/61839321/host_vol1_david_edgerton.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">“creole technologies”</a>) by the majority of the world population. At its most utopian, technofascism wants to automate government, not for the collective good as envisioned by Allende’s project <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262525961/cybernetic-revolutionaries/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Cybersyn</a> in the early 1970s, but for the benefits of the <a href="https://time.com/7209181/fossil-fuel-billionaires-wealth-trump-inauguration/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">fossil fuel</a> and <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2024/nov/07/trump-victory-adds-record-wealth-richest-top-10" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">tech shareholders</a>.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="724" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/te.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24328" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/te.jpg 1000w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/te-300x217.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/te-768x556.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/te-60x43.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>The capture of critical infrastructure</strong></p>



<p>Why is the Silicon Valley suddenly interested in exercising direct political power as well as in merging with the US federal state? Political economist <a href="https://newleftreview.org/sidecar/posts/fragile-leviathan" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Cédric Durand</a> provides a working answer to this question: big tech entrepreneurs do not merely seek to lower costs or meet demand; their aim is to “…[create] a dynamic of dependence which ensnares individuals, businesses and institutions alike. This is partly because the services offered by Big Tech are not commodities like any other. They are often critical infrastructures on which society depends.”</p>



<p>The automatization of state action pursued by Musk is not the ultimate objective of the project but a means to an end: state capture. Big Tech is using the image of technology outlined above to build the new critical infrastructure from the ground up. Musk and his Doge team aspire to establish <a href="http://www.newyorker.com/culture/infinite-scroll/elon-musks-ai-fuelled-war-on-human-agency" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">“a new, inherently undemocratic deep state.”</a> This is not driven by benevolence or goodwill, but by a strategic business move to increase capital and profit. For instance, OpenAI was clear that <a href="https://futurism.com/the-byte/openai-copyrighted-material-parliament" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">without violating copyright laws</a>, there can be no “‘training” of the ChatGPT model. In essence, the clients of OpenAI, Gemini or Grok are not the US citizens or consumers, but the US “deep state” itself. It is embarrassing for libertarians to be so reliant on the state for their business operations when all they do is idealize living in a tax heaven.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="686" height="386" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/technofascism-israel.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24324" style="width:840px;height:auto" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/technofascism-israel.jpg 686w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/technofascism-israel-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/technofascism-israel-60x34.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 686px) 100vw, 686px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Why call this mode of governing <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/ng-interactive/2025/jan/29/silicon-valley-rightwing-technofascism" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">technofascism</a>? Fascists have swapped their black boots and black shirts for keyboards, but their misogyny and their aggressive culture persist. Technofascism is here when AI systems developed in the Silicon Valley are used by <a href="https://mg.co.za/thought-leader/opinion/2024-02-04-israel-and-gaza-ai-in-the-time-of-warfare/">the Israeli army</a> <a href="https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-ai-weapons-430f6f15aab420806163558732726ad9" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">to “help decide who lives and who dies.”</a> We are witnessing an authoritarian rule that breaches the rule of law and liberal values, and substantial violence committed (against <a href="https://newrepublic.com/article/191935/usaid-musk-scandal-starving-kids" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">USAID-recipients</a>, benefit claimants, and job redundancies).</p>



<p>Beyond these more physical forms of technofascism, another subtle dimension must be considered: tyranny. <a href="https://aial.ie/pages/aiparis/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">By removing fact-checking and misinformation prevention, as well as undermining equality and diversity programs</a>, we are witnessing transformation in the media infrastructure, which leads to a legitimization of bullying, discrimination and systemic algorithmic harm. The tyranny extends to the workplace, where a culture of bullying and “hustling” originating from the Silicon Valley will also have their own toll on those at the sharp end of the grind. Musk, like many industrialists before him, is interested in creating a new form of work ethic (<a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/elon-musk-doge-emails-resign-federal-employees-b2703536.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">“outline what you have done last week or you’ll be fired”</a>). He used Twitter as his training ground, and he intends to implement a similar strategy in the U.S. administration.</p>



<p>In the coming few weeks and months, legal battles will unfold, serving as a stress-test to already-damaged democratic institutions. There is a significant amount of work to be done in rebuilding alliances that not only passively defend the status quo, but also present concrete and desirable alternatives.</p>



<p>______________</p>



<p><em><a href="https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/persons/benoit-dillet" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Benoit Dillet</a> is a Senior Lecturer in Politics at the University of Bath (UK). He is the author of The Political Space of Art (with T. Puri) (2016) and the translator of Bernard Stiegler’s Philosophising by Accident (2017). His work focuses on political theory of technology, affect theory and future climate imaginaries.</em></p>



<p>SOURCE: <a href="https://blog.apaonline.org/2025/03/10/technofascism-and-the-ai-stage-of-late-capitalism/?amp" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://blog.apaonline.org/2025/03/10/technofascism-and-the-ai-stage-of-late-capitalism/?amp</a></p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/03/11/technofascism-and-the-ai-stage-of-late-capitalism/">Technofascism and the AI Stage of Late Capitalism</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Introduction to the 21st century- Franco ‘Bifo’ Berardi</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/01/22/introduction-to-the-21st-century-franco-bifo-berardi/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Jan 2025 23:12:19 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Autonomia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bifo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Donald Trump]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Elon Musk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Franco ‘Bifo’ Berardi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Civil War]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political theory]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=24166</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Liberal democracy has now been swept away everywhere, but the fundamental rule is confirmed and exalted by those who have made the word ‘freedom’ their slogan, only that it is the freedom of slave-holders.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/01/22/introduction-to-the-21st-century-franco-bifo-berardi/">Introduction to the 21st century- Franco ‘Bifo’ Berardi</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>A South African racist named Elon Musk, whom newspapers call the richest man in the world, recently earned another, more interesting, nickname: “an agent of chaos”, the Guardian called him on December 20, echoing a definition that the New York Times had already proposed in 2022.</p>



<p>I think this is an imprecise definition, or at least too simple. I don’t think Musk has the historical function of promoting chaos, except apparently. His political activity, starting with the purchase of Twitter, is aimed at the destruction of the State and public structures built during the modern era. From this point of view, Musk’s project meets that of Steve Bannon and in general of the Trump Administration.</p>



<p>But Musk’s multifaceted activity, in addition to this definitive destruction of the modern order (i.e. the completion of the work begun by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thatcherism" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Thatcherite liberalism</a>), includes a constructive part: the construction of a system of total control of the global telecommunications system (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starlink">Starlink</a>), and the creation of interfaces between biological and digital that will make the creation of fully intelligent automatons possible (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuralink" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Neuralink</a>).</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="448" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/afd-germany-1024x448.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-24168" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/afd-germany-1024x448.webp 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/afd-germany-300x131.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/afd-germany-768x336.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/afd-germany-60x26.webp 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/afd-germany.webp 1408w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>A few days ago, the South African racist took a stance on the upcoming German elections in a commentary in <em>Welt Am Sonntag</em>, supporting the Alternative fur Deutschland party. This is not a Nazi party, Musk said, arguing as follows:</p>



<p>“The portrayal of AFD as a far-right party is clearly false, considering the fact that Alice Weidel, the party’s leader, has a same-sex partner who comes from Sri Lanka. Does this sound like Hitler to you?”</p>



<p>The issue deserves to be explored further. It is true that individuals like Donald Trump, or parties like the German ADF appear very different from the Nationalistic Socialist German Workers’ Party. And they are: for starters, Trumpism has erased every reference to socialism, which Hitler had instead preserved, not only in the name of his party, but also in some of the social policies of the Third Reich.</p>



<p>Furthermore, the entire imaginary world that formed the backdrop to Hitler’s regime (the dark colours of the uniforms, the rigidity of the poses, and so on…) has been replaced by the explosion of colour and the carnivalesque excitement of the MAGA crowds.</p>



<p>The severe Gothic style of the territorialised and Protestant industrial bourgeoisie is replaced by the astonishing Baroque of the lumpen-mafia bourgeoisie which, from Berlusconi to Trump, has re-founded power on the spectacular cosmovision.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="682" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Trump-MAGA-Rally-2018-1024x682.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24169" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Trump-MAGA-Rally-2018-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Trump-MAGA-Rally-2018-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Trump-MAGA-Rally-2018-768x511.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Trump-MAGA-Rally-2018-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Trump-MAGA-Rally-2018-720x480.jpg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Trump-MAGA-Rally-2018.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Should we therefore abandon the assimilation of global Trumpism with Hitler’s Nazism, which the left has perhaps used to frighten the electorate that has gradually become accustomed to not being impressed by the bogeyman of Nazism?</p>



<p>Yes and no.</p>



<p>No, because the revival of the colonialist racial supremacism of the white West is, in fact, the long-term historical function played by the global reactionary movement, of which Trump is the symbol and Musk the main instrument.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/refugees-today-1024x576.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24170" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/refugees-today-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/refugees-today-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/refugees-today-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/refugees-today-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/refugees-today-60x34.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/refugees-today.jpg 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>The enemy to be exterminated for Hitler were the Jews, while for contemporary racist supremacism the enemy to be exterminated are the immense masses of colonised people who, although incapable of an internationalist political offensive, constitute a danger to Western stability by their mere existence, with their migratory movements, and with their claims for redistribution of global wealth.</p>



<p>The Israeli military, and the Israeli people themselves, appear very different from Hitler’s SS from an aesthetic and political point of view, but they perform the same function as Hitler’s SS when it comes to exterminating the enemies of Western civilisation, which for Hitler were the Jews, and for Israel are instead the colonised who claim the right to survival and possibly to a territory.</p>



<p>The regime that is now unstoppably asserting itself throughout the West is, moreover, the consequence and the full implementation of the economic liberalism that has asserted itself since the 1980s, with the very active collaboration of the European left in its generality.</p>



<p>Liberal democracy has now been swept away everywhere, but the fundamental rule of the destruction of rules (and their replacement with the /absolute rule/ of maximum profit) is confirmed and exalted by those who have made the word ‘freedom’ their slogan, only that it is the freedom of slave-holders.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/240207-world-elections-2024-mb-1436-ece031-1024x683.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24172" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/240207-world-elections-2024-mb-1436-ece031-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/240207-world-elections-2024-mb-1436-ece031-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/240207-world-elections-2024-mb-1436-ece031-768x512.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/240207-world-elections-2024-mb-1436-ece031-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/240207-world-elections-2024-mb-1436-ece031-720x480.jpg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/240207-world-elections-2024-mb-1436-ece031.jpg 1500w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>The left was a dependent function of liberalism in the past phase, when the workers’ movement had to be liquidated. This function was carried out by the left and the Democrats, and for this reason they are and will forever be objects of contempt.</p>



<p>But now the left is disappearing and what is emerging is a regime that no longer has much to do with the fascism of the past. I have long decided to adopt the definition of /Nazi Liberalism/.</p>



<p>The liberal devastation of the social system is the origin of Trumpist racist nationalism, but it is also its North Star.</p>



<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="680" height="425" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/nazi-liberals.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-24173" style="width:840px;height:auto" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/nazi-liberals.webp 680w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/nazi-liberals-300x188.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/nazi-liberals-60x38.webp 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px" /></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>The declared intention of the most aggressive Nazi Liberals, like <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/jan/20/trump-inauguration-far-right-leaders" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Javier Milei</a>, or like Steve Bannon and Elon Musk, is the definitive demolition of public structures (healthcare, education, transportation, etc.) that made social survival possible.</p>



<p>This naturally entails a social extermination, which is already underway and which we will see worsen frighteningly in the coming years. But the social extermination underway within Western countries is only part of the global genocide that is taking place on the border between the North and the South of the world, and which has its bloody symbol in<a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/10/14/gaza-my-love-understanding-the-genocide-in-palestine/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> the genocide of the Palestinians</a>.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="555" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gaza-children-1024x555.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-24174" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gaza-children-1024x555.webp 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gaza-children-300x163.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gaza-children-768x416.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gaza-children-60x33.webp 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/gaza-children.webp 1440w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>The era we have entered after October 7 is the era of global genocide — and this era is naturally characterised by the multiplication of chaotic precipitation points. It is evident that the global reactionary movement of which Musk is an expression causes chaotic ruptures in an ever greater number of points on the planet.</p>



<p>But this is only one step in the process that has been set in motion in recent decades, which is both the proliferation of chaos and the creation of a higher Order, which is the order of the Automaton.</p>



<p>The global reactionary movement is today engaged in the devastation of the human world, which is the world of indeterminacy, approximation, analogy and conjunction.</p>



<p>But beyond the chaotic action of the reactionary movement there is a deterministic, digital and connective objective: the Cognitive Automaton is destined to take the place of living chaos.</p>



<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="850" height="410" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/cognitive-automaton.png" alt="" class="wp-image-24175" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/cognitive-automaton.png 850w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/cognitive-automaton-300x145.png 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/cognitive-automaton-768x370.png 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/cognitive-automaton-60x29.png 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px" /></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>Musk, if we want, is an agent of political chaos, but political chaos has the function of making possible, in two logically successive (but chronologically contemporary) movements, the elimination of the Human: Genocide of the marginal and mutation of the collective mind for its submission to the Automaton, therefore the establishment of the Automatic Order.</p>



<p>In some programming languages, taking up a concept of the neo-positivist philosopher <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Carnap" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Rudolf Carnap</a>, we speak of a “functor” as a variable dependent on a mathematical sequence</p>



<p>Outside the computational metaphor, the functor is an agent perfectly compatibilised and synchronised with the global cognitive automaton.</p>



<p>In the first decades of the twenty-first century, the Automaton operated the formatting and synchronisation of the individual minds of individuals belonging to the first connective generation.</p>



<p>Humans have been essentially subjected to the digital order, progressively deprived of characteristics and drives incompatible with the Automaton (such as erotic desire, critical capacity, and essentially expressive singularity).</p>



<p>This mutation cannot occur without enormous suffering, dysphoria, depressive or aggressive psychopathies.</p>



<p>But a part of the human race cannot be formatted and synchronised, and remains on the margins of the production process and the privileged territory.</p>



<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="991" height="645" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/11412086_1611084659149395_2841771383794352832_o.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-24176" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/11412086_1611084659149395_2841771383794352832_o.jpg 991w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/11412086_1611084659149395_2841771383794352832_o-300x195.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/11412086_1611084659149395_2841771383794352832_o-768x500.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/11412086_1611084659149395_2841771383794352832_o-60x39.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 991px) 100vw, 991px" /></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>The unformatted-unsynchronised (which a science fiction writer whose name I will not tell you called daisies) will be progressively exterminated with the instruments of war, hunger, submission to slave labour rhythms impossible for the human organism and with other termination techniques…</p>



<p>This process is the horizon of the twenty-first century, and we already see it clearly outlined in the political lines of Trumpism and in the techno-totalitarian action of which Elon Musk is the linchpin.</p>



<p>A race of functionally superior and emotionally sterilised white males is taking over the levers of technical, economic and military power. No political force can oppose this seizure of power, for the simple reason that it is not a political process, but a techno-cognitive mutation.<br>Cognitive mutation and genocide are the two decisive processes of this transition.</p>



<p>Cognitive mutation is achieved by subjecting the human mind to a formatting that aims to synchronise the mind’s activity to the rhythm of the automaton.</p>



<p>Inevitably this process of mutation involves suffering.</p>



<p>Think of pathologies such as ADHD, or attention deficit disorder: it is not a pathology, but rather an attempt to adapt and synchronise the mind to the ten thousand times accelerated rhythm of the Infosphere.</p>



<p>Ethical consciousness and erotic sensitivity are remnants of pre-formatted humanity that are rapidly disappearing in the emerging connective generation.</p>



<p>Another emerging characteristic of mutants is the imperception of the pain of others, the effect of the continuous exposure to flows of simulated nervous stimulation, so that the mind tends to no longer distinguish simulations from organisms, and tends to consider suffering bodies as little green men in video games, who do not suffer and if they die can always get back on their feet a moment later.</p>



<p></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="770" height="513" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/elon-musk-hitler.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-24167" style="width:840px;height:auto" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/elon-musk-hitler.webp 770w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/elon-musk-hitler-300x200.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/elon-musk-hitler-768x512.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/elon-musk-hitler-60x40.webp 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/elon-musk-hitler-720x480.webp 720w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px" /></figure>
</div>


<p></p>



<p>This is the horizon of the twenty-first century, this is the trend that is unstoppably unfolding.</p>



<p>Climate collapse, geopolitical collapse, social collapse are the ideal environment for this process of mutation, formatting and elimination of residual daisies .</p>



<p>But there is also the possibility (very likely) that the combination of these three collapses will produce the definitive extinction of the human race.</p>



<p>In this case, everything human would finally be erased, and this would allow the realisation of the perfect ideal of the Muskian Order: the unlimited reproduction of the automaton in a territory that has finally been purged of every chaotic and unpredictable element.</p>



<p>That said, we (deserters) know that the unpredictable is not yet erased.</p>



<p>But whereof one cannot speak, it is better to remain silent.</p>



<p>_____________</p>



<p>SOURCE: <a href="https://freedomnews.org.uk/2025/01/10/introduction-to-the-twenty-first-century/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://freedomnews.org.uk/2025/01/10/introduction-to-the-twenty-first-century/</a></p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2025/01/22/introduction-to-the-21st-century-franco-bifo-berardi/">Introduction to the 21st century- Franco ‘Bifo’ Berardi</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>When a medical insurance CEO was shot dead, people celebrated his death. What does this tell us about American healthcare?</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/12/06/when-a-medical-insurance-ceo-was-shot-dead-people-celebrated-his-death-what-does-this-tell-us-about-american-healthcare/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 06 Dec 2024 17:50:14 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Global movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Civil War]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Struggles]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=24073</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The reaction to BrianThompson’s murder reveals a deep anger among many Americans about the unfairness of the US health insurance industry.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/12/06/when-a-medical-insurance-ceo-was-shot-dead-people-celebrated-his-death-what-does-this-tell-us-about-american-healthcare/">When a medical insurance CEO was shot dead, people celebrated his death. What does this tell us about American healthcare?</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>The reaction to Thompson’s murder reveals a deep anger among many Americans about the unfairness of the US health insurance industry, <strong><a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/author/richard-hall">Richard Hall</a></strong> writes in Independent UK:</p>



<p></p>



<p>When the CEO of one of the largest medical insurance companies in the United States was gunned down on the street in Midtown Manhattan on Wednesday, his death quickly turned into a larger conversation about the much-reviled industry in which he worked.</p>



<p>Brian Thompson, a 50-year-old father of two, had been in New York City for a conference when he was killed in what police believe was a targeted shooting.</p>



<p>Among hundreds of posts on social media about the shocking murder, many people were moved to talk about the injustice of the health insurance industry. Often the dark jokes on X, Instagram, Reddit and TikTok spoke to how cruel medical insurance companies can be to their customers. Some even wrote <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://x.com/_RichardHall/status/1864830584675090696">folk songs </a>about the event.</p>



<p>“The bullet hit the CEO outside of his allotted benefit window, so he’s not eligible for emergency treatment,” <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://x.com/cxovelurisi/status/1864343361282322459">wrote</a> one person on X in response to a post about the killing.</p>



<p>One <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.reddit.com/r/MurderedByWords/comments/1h6ujiq/the_claim_for_my_condolences_have_been_denied/">Reddit</a> user posted: “A man is dead, and no one really cares. Huh. Sounds like business as usual for United Health isn’t it?”</p>



<p>An <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1DbpUe83vC/">announcement</a> on the Facebook page of UnitedHealthcare announcing Thompson’s death had 42,000 laugh emoji reactions by Thursday afternoon.</p>



<p>Others shared personal stories about how the health insurance industry had denied coverage to their loved ones or laden them with debt.</p>



<p>“His company put multiple of my family members in debt they will be paying for the rest of their lives &amp; denied care for my uncle which led to his death. Brian Thompson killed people. Full stop,” wrote one person.</p>



<p>“Remembering the day United Healthcare denied a one-night hospital stay for my 12yo child as ‘medically unnecessary’ following ASD heart repair surgery,” wrote <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://x.com/NatalieElsberg/status/1864419448817381380">another</a>.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1028" height="708" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-05-at-11.50.09E280AFAM.png" alt="A post announcing the death of Brian Thompson on UnitedHealthcare’s Facebook page received more than 42,000 laugh emojis in response" class="wp-image-24076" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-05-at-11.50.09E280AFAM.png 1028w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-05-at-11.50.09E280AFAM-300x207.png 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-05-at-11.50.09E280AFAM-1024x705.png 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-05-at-11.50.09E280AFAM-768x529.png 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Screenshot-2024-12-05-at-11.50.09E280AFAM-60x41.png 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1028px) 100vw, 1028px" /></figure>



<p>A post announcing the death of Brian Thompson on UnitedHealthcare’s Facebook page received more than 42,000 laugh emojis in response (Screenshot)</p>



<p>The response has echoes of the celebrations over the death of Henry Kissinger, the former US secretary of state, whom many around the world held responsible for bombing campaigns in Cambodia that killed hundreds of thousands of people. When he died in November 2023, social media was similarly flooded with memes celebrating his passing.</p>



<p>Distasteful though they may be, the reactions to Thompson’s murder have revealed a deep anger among many Americans about the unfairness of the US health insurance industry. And among those speaking out were doctors, professors, politicians and people who’d suffered their own insurance denials.</p>



<p>“Currently, over 1,000 people go bankrupt daily, solely due to personal medical bills. Anyone who can make millions of dollars overseeing a system like this, and sleep well at night doesn’t deserve my sympathy,” Beau Forte, a former Green Party candidate for Congress in New Jersey who ran on a platform calling for universal healthcare, told <em>The Independent.</em></p>



<p>Forte, who ran for office because his father was unable to receive care from his medical insurance provider after suffering a series of illnesses, was among hundreds who posted viral tweets excoriating Thompson after his death.</p>



<p>“How is it appropriate to ask me if I feel bad if the person in charge of the biggest company that allows this to happen if I feel bad about it? Apologies if that seems harsh, but that’s where I stand,” he added.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="550" data-dnt="true"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">After watching my father decide to basically refuse care and commit suicide instead of watching health insurance companies pick his bones dry while he was still alive is something I&#39;ll never forget.<br><br>Democrats who praise Brian Thompson don&#39;t deserve your vote EVER AGAIN. <a href="https://t.co/YsOc2egp5N">https://t.co/YsOc2egp5N</a></p>&mdash; Beau Forte (@Beau4Congress) <a href="https://twitter.com/Beau4Congress/status/1864367309126562298?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 4, 2024</a></blockquote><script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
</div></figure>



<p>Forte was not alone.</p>



<p>“Today, we mourn the death of United Healthcare CEO Brian Thompson, gunned down&#8230;. wait, I’m sorry – today we mourn the deaths of the 68,000 Americans who needlessly die each year so that insurance company execs like Brian Thompson can become multimillionaires,” <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://x.com/anthonyzenkus/status/1864415627844178087">wrote</a> a professor at Columbia University in a post that garnered 3.5 million views.</p>



<p>The reaction comes amid growing complaints from consumers about rising healthcare costs, denial of coverage and high deductibles.</p>



<p>UnitedHealthcare itself had faced scrutiny over denying claims to its customers. A Senate committee <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.hsgac.senate.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024.10.17-PSI-Majority-Staff-Report-on-Medicare-Advantage.pdf">concluded</a> earlier this year that three major companies – UnitedHealthcare, Humana and CVS, which owns Aetna – were intentionally denying claims for nursing care to patients to increase profits.</p>



<p>The company was also accused in a lawsuit of using a faulty AI algorithm to deny elderly patients <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/unitedhealth-lawsuit-ai-deny-claims-medicare-advantage-health-insurance-denials/">extended care</a>.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="2560" height="1707" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/SEI231954443-scaled.jpg" alt="A New York police officer stands outside the Hilton hotel in Midtown Manhattan where Brian Thompson, the CEO of UnitedHealthcare, was fatally shot" class="wp-image-24077" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/SEI231954443-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/SEI231954443-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/SEI231954443-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/SEI231954443-768x512.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/SEI231954443-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/SEI231954443-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/SEI231954443-720x480.jpg 720w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>A New York police officer stands outside the Hilton hotel in Midtown Manhattan where Brian Thompson, the CEO of UnitedHealthcare, was fatally shot (AP)</p>



<p>Data on how many medical insurance claims are denied is notoriously hard to come by, despite attempts by the government to make the process more transparent.</p>



<p>The Affordable Care Act, a sweeping healthcare law passed by Barack Obama in 2010, was designed in part to prevent spurious claim denials by insurance companies and was tasked with <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="http://housedocs.house.gov/energycommerce/ppacacon.pdf"><u>monitoring them</u></a>. It has largely failed in that effort, and evidence suggests denials are on the rise.</p>



<p>A <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.kff.org/private-insurance/issue-brief/claims-denials-and-appeals-in-aca-marketplace-plans/">study</a> by the independent health policy research firm KFF published last year found that insurance companies denied some 17 per cent of claims from patients in 2021, even when they received care from in-network physicians. It also found that less than one per cent of consumers appealed those denials, and among those who did, insurers upheld their decision nearly 60 per cent of the time. A ProPublica <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/how-often-do-health-insurers-deny-patients-claims">investigation</a> released last year similarly found that insurers deny between 10 per cent and 20 per cent of the claims they receive, according to the limited government data available.</p>



<p>Those numbers obscure the many <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.propublica.org/article/priority-health-michigan-cart-insurance-vanpatten-denials">horror stories</a> of people who suffer from ill health or die after being denied the care they need from insurers. News stories about people who died after their insurance company refused to pay for treatment are a routine sight in American media.</p>



<p>Even those who receive treatment and survive are often faced with massive debt due to high deductibles. Today, an estimated <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.ilr.cornell.edu/scheinman-institute/blog/john-august-healthcare/healthcare-insights-how-medical-debt-crushing-100-million-americans">100 million people</a> in America face some kind of medical debt.</p>



<p>Timothy Faust, a healthcare writer and author of the book <a rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/580342/health-justice-now-by-timothy-faust/"><em>Health Justice Now</em></a>, told <em>The Independent </em>that many Americans see medical insurance companies as the primary cause of injustice within the healthcare system.</p>



<p>“Health insurance companies ultimately determine, through scandal-laden cost-cutting processes, which care you are eligible to receive and to what extent it will bankrupt your family, and are understandably the entities we most associate with the injustices of American healthcare,” he said.</p>



<p>“From talking to people across the country, I know how many Americans feel the consequences of this arrangement within their bodies.&nbsp; We have watched our loved ones suffer and die from preventable or treatable illnesses that hospitals charge too much for and insurers refuse to pay. I think a lot of latent rage generates through witnessing this depravity over and over and over again,” Faust added.</p>



<p>None of those issues were exclusive to UnitedHealthcare, however.</p>



<p>Thompson worked for UnitedHealthcare’s parent company for some 20 years before taking over at the insurance subsidiary in 2021. The company provides insurance coverage for some 49 million Americans and brought in $281 billion in revenue last year.</p>



<p>His role as the CEO gave him immense power over the lives of millions, most of whom likely didn’t know his name until his death.</p>



<p>The precise motives of the killer are not yet known, but police were given a <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/crime/brian-thompson-unitedhealthcare-ceo-bullets-words-engraved-b2659262.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">major clue</a> after revealing that the words “deny,” “depose,” and “defend” were carved into the live rounds and shell casings found outside the Hilton hotel on Sixth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, where Thompson was gunned down.</p>



<p>The three words bear a striking resemblance to the title of <a href="https://delaydenydefend.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Jay Feinman’s book <em>Delay, Deny, Defend: Why Insurance Companies Don’t Pay Claims and What You Can Do About It.</em></a></p>



<p>“Today the name of the game is delay, deny, defend: to improve their profits, insurance companies delay payment of justified claims, deny payment altogether, and defend their actions by forcing claimants to enter litigation,” the book’s blurb reads.</p>



<p><em>—&nbsp;Additional reporting by Justin Rohrlich</em></p>



<p>__________</p>



<p>Written by <strong><a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/author/richard-hall">Richard Hall</a></strong></p>



<p><strong>SOURCE: </strong><a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/brian-thompson-ceo-killed-manhattan-b2659700.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.independent.co.uk</a></p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/12/06/when-a-medical-insurance-ceo-was-shot-dead-people-celebrated-his-death-what-does-this-tell-us-about-american-healthcare/">When a medical insurance CEO was shot dead, people celebrated his death. What does this tell us about American healthcare?</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>Anarchy is Love! &#8211; Carne Ross</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/10/30/anarchy-is-love-carne-ross/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Oct 2024 00:44:27 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anarchism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anarchist Communism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anarchy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anarchy International Solidarity Global Civil War Movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Revolution]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=23966</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>What Anarchy accomplishes is in fact of infinite worth: the beauty of humans living with one another in love and respect and equality- these are things that cannot be measured in euros</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/10/30/anarchy-is-love-carne-ross/">Anarchy is Love! &#8211; Carne Ross</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>I used to think that anarchism was &#8220;just&#8221; a political philosophy. I was wrong. It is much, much more than that.</p>



<p>By political philosophy, I mean a way of thinking about politics, institutions and decision-making. How people arbitrate their business with one another, theories of government – or self-government – or the abolition of all hierarchy. I liked to boil down anarchism into a few pithy phrases like, “anarchism is about no one having power over anyone else.”</p>



<p>I was not wrong. Anarchism is indeed about all of these things. It is indeed a political philosophy. It is indeed about how people take decisions together and manage their affairs collectively. But I thought this was its philosophy in toto, that there was nothing more to it. It was a way of thinking that was separate from our interior realities. It is an external philosophy, above all about how we behave towards one another.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="564" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-4.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23958" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-4.jpg 1000w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-4-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-4-768x433.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-4-60x34.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>These ideas take you far in analysing the current political and economic situation and working out how to reform it and replace it. In place of a top-down system of government, we need a system where decisions are made by the mass, including everyone with a stake. In place of an economic system controlled by the few with massive wealth, we need one where shares are equal, both in terms of wealth but also in terms of agency; where everyone gets a say over the economic affairs that affect them, whether in the workplace or society at large. The individual and society are at the heart of this idea. Individuals must be free to act as they please, but always taking into account the needs of others – a fair and equal negotiation (this isn’t the most purely libertarian form of anarchism, of course, more socialist libertarianism).</p>



<p>But who is that individual and how do they think? Anarchists are sceptical of formal religion, seeing it as another form of social control where agency is denied the individual in favour of a rigid orthodoxy enforced hierarchically – most often by men. The claim that god exists is seen as a veil, used to conceal many human wrongs and injustices, excused as a universal salve and explanation. Anarchism rejects religion: no gods, no masters.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="720" height="491" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/agalmata-katareoun.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23960" style="width:840px;height:auto" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/agalmata-katareoun.jpg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/agalmata-katareoun-300x205.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/agalmata-katareoun-60x41.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Thus, I had been sceptical of those who sometimes called themselves spiritual anarchists. What is spiritualism but another kind of religion that confuses and misleads us from our earthly realities? I saw what can loosely be called spiritualism as narcissistic and selfish, with its focus on the individual soul and its needs and expression. Some of those I saw talking of spiritualism retreated from the battleground of society into drugs and other forms of refuge, both physical and mental. The battle is in our cities and streets, here and now, I argued crossly.</p>



<p>But those same ‘spiritualists’ claimed to me that there could not be revolution of the whole of society without revolutionising the way that individuals think within it. You couldn’t expect that society would adopt practices of equality, respect and inclusion unless we ourselves were transformed from the rationalism and analytic thinking that sees everything as structure or transaction. The interior needed to be reformed too. You couldn’t have revolution in one without revolution in the other.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="960" height="639" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/chile-in-Revolt.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23961" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/chile-in-Revolt.jpg 960w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/chile-in-Revolt-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/chile-in-Revolt-768x511.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/chile-in-Revolt-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/chile-in-Revolt-720x480.jpg 720w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>I have come to think that they might be right. At the heart of all anarchism is how we treat other people. Anarchism demands that this treatment is always respectful and egalitarian: no one can coerce another, whether by overt means or subtle. My kind of anarchism demands that we treat others as they wish, not as we wish (which is, by the way, an explicit rejection of the so-called ‘golden rule’, under which we treat others as we would wish to be treated. Instead we must attend to what they say they want, not what we think they want). We must give up all notions of domination, of influence and getting others to do what we want. We must give up all power.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-3-1024x683.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23962" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-3-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-3-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-3-768x512.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-3-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-3-720x480.jpg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/anarchy-is-love-i-anarxia-einai-agapi-3.jpg 1486w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Protesters shout slogans as they cross the Brooklyn Bridge during a Youth Climate Strike march to demand an end to the era of fossil fuels, Friday, Sept. 20, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Andres Kudacki)</figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>I once worked in government. I was agog with power, convinced that I worked among an elite few who understood the needs of society – in my case, in foreign policy and diplomacy – better than society understood itself. This fed my ego and structured my life around career and status. It has been a hard road to abandon these pillars of my sense of worth and self. If I don’t have power, what am I? If I cannot tell others what to do, what value do my ideas and wishes have? If it’s just me, what am I?</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="480" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/poreia-anarxikoi.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23740" style="width:840px;height:auto" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/poreia-anarxikoi.jpg 700w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/poreia-anarxikoi-300x206.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/poreia-anarxikoi-60x41.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>I have found that I need to believe in something. I’m not sure what I would call it. But I suspect my spiritualist friends would call it just that: spiritual need. It’s a belief that there are values and meanings outside ourselves but which animate and inspire our interior realities. Religions might name this thing god, expressed through litany. But my litany is anarchism, and I’m not willing to call that guiding spirit god. It is more earthly, it is more human.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ena-oneiro-pou-teleiwnei-me-ourliaxta3-1024x683.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23868" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ena-oneiro-pou-teleiwnei-me-ourliaxta3-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ena-oneiro-pou-teleiwnei-me-ourliaxta3-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ena-oneiro-pou-teleiwnei-me-ourliaxta3-768x513.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ena-oneiro-pou-teleiwnei-me-ourliaxta3-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ena-oneiro-pou-teleiwnei-me-ourliaxta3-720x480.jpg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/ena-oneiro-pou-teleiwnei-me-ourliaxta3.jpg 1536w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>I identify it by observing the core of anarchist practice: the interaction with others. How we treat other people. In anarchism, that interaction must be guided by consideration and caring, the putting of the needs of others on an equal footing to our own. At least: in its most extreme iteration, it is the erasure of self. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laozi" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Lao Tzu</a> talks about this in the Tao te Ching. It is having power by giving up all power. He reached this conclusion thousands of years ago. It is a harmony between how we see and treat others and how we treat ourselves. </p>



<p>There is a word for this practice: <strong>it is Love.</strong></p>



<p>Without this ‘spiritual’ core, anarchism struggles to make sense. If it is judged in the terms of current capitalist culture, it is not necessarily a more efficient or productive practice: it does not necessarily produce more goods or make more money. </p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="960" height="540" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/ΡΑΟΥΛ-ΒΑΝΕΓΚΕΜ-2.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23566" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/ΡΑΟΥΛ-ΒΑΝΕΓΚΕΜ-2.jpg 960w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/ΡΑΟΥΛ-ΒΑΝΕΓΚΕΜ-2-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/ΡΑΟΥΛ-ΒΑΝΕΓΚΕΜ-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/ΡΑΟΥΛ-ΒΑΝΕΓΚΕΜ-2-60x34.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>What it accomplishes is in fact of infinite worth: the beauty of humans living with one another in love and respect and equality. These are abstract, ineffable things that cannot be measured in euros, pounds or dollars. Indeed, this stuff is beyond all terms themselves – and this is why it’s hard to put it into words too. It is on a plane above all that. And if you want to call this a ‘spiritual’ plane, I am happy with that. What goes on in the spirit or the soul matters, for it matters to the exterior reality too. What we believe in ourselves is intrinsic to how we engage with the world. One doesn’t work without the other.</p>



<p>____________</p>



<p><a href="https://www.carneross.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Carne Ross</a> is a former British diplomat, author of <a href="https://theleaderlessrevolution.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Leaderless Revolution: How ordinary people will take power and change politics in the 21st century</a>, and the subject of the film Accidental Anarchist</p>



<p><a href="http://www.accidentalanarchist.net/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.accidentalanarchist.net/</a></p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/10/30/anarchy-is-love-carne-ross/">Anarchy is Love! &#8211; Carne Ross</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Αναρχική Επαναστατική Γεωπολιτική 2024- Peter Gelderloos</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/07/11/anarxiki-epanastatiki-geopolitiki-2024-peter-gelderloos/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 11 Jul 2024 16:52:42 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[antiglobalization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Civil War]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peter Gelderloos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[theory]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=23712</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Το γεωπολιτικό σύστημα των κρατών και του καπιταλισμού είναι το πιο ενεργό στην παραγωγή του μέλλοντος μέσα στο οποίο θα αναγκαστούμε να κατοικήσουμε. Η γνώση του εύρους των πιθανών μελλοντικών εξελίξεων μας βοηθά να κατανοήσουμε το σύστημα με το οποίο βρισκόμαστε αντιμέτωποι και να προετοιμαστούμε για όσα πρόκειται να αντιμετωπίσουμε.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/07/11/anarxiki-epanastatiki-geopolitiki-2024-peter-gelderloos/">Αναρχική Επαναστατική Γεωπολιτική 2024- Peter Gelderloos</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>Παρακαλώ να έχετε υπόψη σας ότι οι γεωπολιτικές αναλύσεις απαιτούν ανάλυση των ενεργειών των μεγάλων κρατών και των καπιταλιστών από την οπτική γωνία των δικών τους συμφερόντων, κάτι που αποτελεί αρκετά δυσάρεστη διαδικασία. Θα κάνω αυτή την επισήμανση μία φορά για να μην επιβαρύνω όλο το δοκίμιο με τις ίδιες φράσεις: «καλό για τις ΗΠΑ» και «καλό για τους επενδυτές» σημαίνει κακό για τη ζωή, καταστροφή για τον πλανήτη.</p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size">Κείμενο: <strong>Peter Gelderloos</strong></p>



<p><a href="https://petergelderloos.substack.com/p/geopolitics-for-2024">https://petergelderloos.substack.com/p/</a><a href="https://petergelderloos.substack.com/p/geopolitics-for-2024" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">geopolitics</a><a href="https://petergelderloos.substack.com/p/geopolitics-for-2024">-for-2024</a></p>



<p>Μετάφραση:<strong> Νίκος Γκατζίκης </strong>/ Επιμέλεια:<strong> Τάσος Σαγρής (Κενό Δίκτυο)</strong></p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="585" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/GEOPOLITCS-1024x585.png" alt="" class="wp-image-23734" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/GEOPOLITCS-1024x585.png 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/GEOPOLITCS-300x171.png 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/GEOPOLITCS-768x439.png 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/GEOPOLITCS-60x34.png 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/GEOPOLITCS.png 1260w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Γεωπολιτική για αναρχικούς;</strong></p>



<p>Η γεωπολιτική τείνει να είναι ένα πεδίο ανάλυσης για ειδικούς και δημοσιογράφους που ενδιαφέρονται για τoυς ανταγωνισμούς και τις τύχες των εθνών-κρατών, τις συμμαχίες τους και τους θεσμούς τους. Προσεγγίζουν το θέμα με ένα επίπεδο στρατηγικής παρόμοιο με αυτό των αθλητικών σχολιαστών στο κυριακάτικο ποδόσφαιρο: κατανοούν το ρεπερτόριο των παιγνιδιών, τα δυνατά και αδύνατα σημεία, αλλά ποτέ δεν θα αποδομήσουν την ιστορία του παιχνιδιού, ποτέ δεν θα αναρωτηθούν για τη σχέση μεταξύ του πάγκου και του γηπέδου, του προπονητή και του ιδιοκτήτη, των θεατών και των παικτών (δηλαδή, πέρα από ένα δημοκρατικό θέαμα: τα πάνε καλά μεταξύ τους; είναι οι οπαδοί ευχαριστημένοι με την ομάδα τους;) Δεν θα αναλύσουν την αρχιτεκτονική του σταδίου ή το διαφημιστικό διάλειμμα και σίγουρα δεν θα αναρωτηθούν <em>αν υπάρχει κάποιο άλλο είδος παιχνιδιού που θα μπορούσαμε να παίζουμε</em>. Χρειάζονται το παιχνίδι να συνεχίζεται για πάντα. Αν το παιχνίδι σταματήσει, θα εξαφανιστούν.</p>



<p>Μερικοί αναρχικοί μπορεί να σκεφτούν, ότι αφού θέλουμε να καταργήσουμε τα έθνη-κράτη, γιατί να ασχολούμαστε με τα ασήμαντα στρατηγικά τους παιχνίδια; Γιατί να θέλουμε να τα κατανοήσουμε με τους δικούς τους όρους;</p>



<p>Είναι απολύτως αληθές ότι οι αναρχικοί δεν θα εμφανιστούν ποτέ ως παίκτες στο ταμπλό του γεωπολιτικού Μεγάλου Ρίσκου. Έχουμε βγει εντελώς από αυτόν τον χάρτη. Και έτσι πρέπει να είναι. Αν είμαστε αναρχικοί, είναι γιατί προσεγγίζουμε τη στρατηγική και την εξουσία από μια εντελώς διαφορετική σκοπιά, και με εντελώς διαφορετικές επιθυμίες και μεθόδους.</p>



<p>Αλλά προς το παρόν, είναι το γεωπολιτικό σύστημα των κρατών και του καπιταλισμού που είναι το πιο ενεργό στην παραγωγή του μέλλοντος μέσα στο οποίο θα αναγκαστούμε να κατοικήσουμε. Η γνώση του εύρους των πιθανών μελλοντικών εξελίξεων μας βοηθά να κατανοήσουμε το σύστημα με το οποίο βρισκόμαστε αντιμέτωποι και να προετοιμαστούμε για όσα πρόκειται να αντιμετωπίσουμε.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="534" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/super-rich-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22869" style="width:840px;height:auto" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/super-rich-1.jpg 800w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/super-rich-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/super-rich-1-768x513.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/super-rich-1-480x320.jpg 480w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/super-rich-1-749x500.jpg 749w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Αν νομίζεις ότι μια ταινία αποκαλυπτικής καταστροφής με ζόμπι —ή πραγματικά οποιαδήποτε άλλη ταινία &#8220;αποκάλυψης&#8221;— παρουσιάζει ένα ρεαλιστικό σενάριο για το πώς μοιάζει η συστημική κατάρρευση, τότε θα χαραμίσεις τον χρόνο σου άδικα σε λάθος τρόπους προετοιμασίας για τις επερχόμενες καταστροφές.</p>



<p>Τα τελευταία είκοσι χρόνια, έχω ακούσει πολλούς αναρχικούς να κάνουν σοβαρές προβλέψεις για το πού κατευθυνόμασταν και ποιους κινδύνους αντιμετωπίζαμε. Αυτές οι προβλέψεις είναι τολμηρά εγχειρήματα και χρήσιμα, γιατί μας επιτρέπουν να δοκιμάζουμε τις θεωρίες μας. </p>



<p>Πολλές προβλέψεις που θυμάμαι έχουν αποδειχθεί λανθασμένες.</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Ο Τραμπ δεν έκανε πραξικόπημα: στην πραγματικότητα, ο <a href="https://www.kathimerini.gr/world/561954136/ipa-o-tzon-mpolton-paradechetai-oti-symmeteiche-ston-schediasmo-praxikopimaton-sto-exoteriko/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Τζον Μπόλτον</a> μιλούσε από εμπειρία όταν έλεγε ότι ένα πραξικόπημα απαιτεί πολύ περισσότερη οργάνωση.</li>



<li>Οι φασίστες δεν κατέκτησαν την εξουσία- αποτελούν όμως κίνδυνο κυρίως για τους ανθρώπους σε επίπεδο δρόμου και στον τρόπο με τον οποίο ωθούν την κεντροδεξιά προς τα δεξιά όσον αφορά την αποδεκτή πολιτική που μπορεί να εφαρμόσει μια δημοκρατική κυβέρνηση. (ΣτΜ: από τότε που γράφτηκε το άρθρο υπήρξαν εξελίξεις στην Ιταλία που είτε περιπλέκουν τα πράγματα, είτε ενισχύουν αυτό το σημείο σαν μια εξαίρεση που επιβεβαιώνει τον κανόνα…)</li>



<li>Η προώθηση του αντιφασισμού εν μέσω ενός αναπτυσσόμενου αντιρατσιστικού κινήματος ήταν σφάλμα, ένα βήμα προς τα πίσω. Όπως έκανε και στις προηγούμενες εκδοχές του, ο αντιφασισμός έβγαλε από το επίκεντρο της συζήτησης τα ζητήματα της λευκής υπεροχής και της αποικιοκρατίας και επέτρεψε στην Αριστερά να κερδίσει έδαφος σε κινήματα που προηγουμένως ήταν αντι-κρατικά: μας άφησε απροετοίμαστους τη στιγμή που ο πραγματικός φασισμός υποχωρούσε ενώ το δημοκρατικό Κράτος έκανε βήματα εμπρός και εναντίον μας.</li>



<li>Η Δημοκρατία αντιμετωπίζει κρίση, αλλά εξακολουθεί να αποτελεί τον μεγαλύτερο κίνδυνο για εμάς: η ευρύτερη διάδοση αυτής της επίγνωσης θα μπορούσε να είχε σώσει μερικά από τα πιο ισχυρά μας κινήματα — στη Χιλή και στην Ελλάδα — από το να πέσουν σε θανατηφόρα στρατηγικά αδιέξοδα. Θα είχε επίσης βελτιώσει την αρχική διατύπωση των κινημάτων Occupy και 15M (ΣτΜ: το &#8220;Κίνημα των Αγανακτισμένων&#8221; της Ισπανίας), επιτρέποντάς τα να αναπτυχθούν σε πολύ πιο ριζοσπαστικές κατευθύνσεις.</li>



<li>Ο “ύστερος καπιταλισμός” ή το “τελικό στάδιο του καπιταλισμού” που διακηρύχθηκε μετά τον Α&#8217; Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο εξακολουθεί να αργοσέρνεται. Η απόρριψη του Μαρξισμού θα μας επέτρεπε να δούμε πιο καθαρά το ζωτικό στρατηγικό, κρατικοκίνητο στοιχείο του καπιταλισμού: τα κράτη και οι θεσμοί τους κατακτούν νέες περιοχές προληπτικά, για να εξασφαλίσουν την καπιταλιστική επέκταση.</li>



<li>Αν ήμασταν σε επιφυλακή για αυτά τα νέα μέτωπα θα είχαμε κερδίσει ένα προβάδισμα και θα είχαμε εντοπίσει έγκαιρα το κυρίαρχο ρεύμα του κλιματικού κινήματος και της πράσινης ενέργειας ως τις μεγαλύτερες απειλές για τη ζωή σε αυτόν τον πλανήτη. Τώρα, πρέπει να προσπαθήσουμε να καλύψουμε το χαμένο έδαφος.</li>
</ul>



<p>Με ανησυχεί πάρα πολύ ότι, απ&#8217; όσο έχω δει, οι άνθρωποι που έκαναν λανθασμένες προβλέψεις δεν παραδέχτηκαν τα λάθη τους. Θα ήταν θαρραλέο, ειλικρινές, και θα μας είχε ενισχύσει πάρα πολύ, δίνοντάς μας περισσότερες ευκαιρίες να ακονίσουμε τα θεωρητικά μας εργαλεία, να καλλιεργήσουμε την στρατηγική μας διαίσθηση.</p>



<p>Και νομίζω ότι το Εγώ, αυτή η τυφλή αποφυγή των λαθών μας, ήταν ένας σημαντικός παράγοντας που οδήγησε τους ριζοσπαστικούς ανθρώπους σε όλο τον κόσμο σε ακόμη μεγαλύτερα, προφανή λάθη. Οι απογοητευμένοι υποψήφιοι επαναστάτες, στρέφονται σε μονοθεματικούς ακτιβισμούς, αμεσοδημοκρατικές κοινότητες, ή στις τελευταίου τύπου σταλινικές σέχτες με αυστηρά καθορισμένες οργανώσεις, προσεκτικά επιλεγμένο προλεταριακό μάτσο ανδρισμό και χωρίς πραγματική εμπλοκή ή σχέση με την ίδια την κοινωνική σύγκρουση.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="682" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/316115610_684087763327419_5316625578018071179_n-1024x682.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23714" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/316115610_684087763327419_5316625578018071179_n-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/316115610_684087763327419_5316625578018071179_n-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/316115610_684087763327419_5316625578018071179_n-768x512.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/316115610_684087763327419_5316625578018071179_n-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/316115610_684087763327419_5316625578018071179_n-720x480.jpg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/316115610_684087763327419_5316625578018071179_n.jpg 1280w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Προς ποια κατεύθυνση κινείται το παγκόσμιο σύστημα;</strong></p>



<p>Συνοψίζοντας, το παγκόσμιο σύστημα κατανοεί τον εαυτό του ως παγκόσμιο και διαμεσολαβεί σε πολιτικές συγκρούσεις και στη ροή πόρων και πληροφοριών σύμφωνα με μια ορισμένη λογική. Κάθε διαδοχικό παγκόσμιο σύστημα έχει ένα ηγετικό κράτος, αλλά αυτός ο ηγέτης δεν έχει τη δύναμη να ελέγχει τα πάντα που συμβαίνουν στο παγκόσμιο σύστημα: αντίθετα, είναι ο αρχιτέκτονας που σε μια κρίσιμη στιγμή αποκτά τη δύναμη και τη νομιμοποίηση, την ηγεμονία, να σχεδιάσει ένα νέο παγκόσμιο σύστημα στο οποίο όλοι οι άλλοι κυρίαρχοι παίκτες συμφωνούν να συμμετάσχουν.</p>



<p>Μετά τον Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο, οι ΗΠΑ ανέλαβαν από το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο και έγιναν οι αρχιτέκτονες του επόμενου παγκόσμιου συστήματος, επικεντρωμένο σε μια υποτιθέμενη παγκόσμια τάξη κρατών που κυβερνάται από τον ΟΗΕ, με έδρα στη Νέα Υόρκη, και ένα καπιταλιστικό καθεστώς ελεύθερου εμπορίου και επενδύσεων που εποπτεύεται από τα ιδρύματα του <a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%82" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Μπρέτον Γουντς </a>όπως το Διεθνές Νομισματικό Ταμείο.</p>



<p>Οι ΗΠΑ και οι πιο στενοί τους σύμμαχοι δεν είναι πλέον οι κύριες κινητήριες δυνάμεις της οικονομικής ανάπτυξης και το μερίδιο των νέων επενδύσεων που καταλαμβάνουν μειώνεται. Πολιτικά, το μπλοκ του ΝΑΤΟ είχε επεκτείνει τον ιστό των συμμαχιών του σε περιοχές που ανήκαν εδώ και καιρό στη ρωσική σφαίρα επιρροής. Η Ρωσία αντεπιτίθεται στην Ουκρανία, αλλά οι διαιρέσεις εντός του ΝΑΤΟ και της ΕΕ έχουν πρόσφατα ακινητοποιήσει αυτές τις συμμαχίες, έτσι ενώ η Ρωσία συνεχίζει να λαμβάνει οπλισμό και οικονομική υποστήριξη από τους συμμάχους της, η δυτική χρηματοδότηση για την Ουκρανία έχει σταματήσει να παίζει τον κρίσιμο ρόλο.</p>



<p>Αλλού, η Ρωσία έχει υποστεί ταπεινωτικές ήττες, όπως με την αδυναμία της να υποστηρίξει την Αρμενία ενάντια στον επεκτατισμό του Αζερμπαϊτζάν, το οποίο υποστηρίζεται από την Τουρκία. Όταν η Τουρκία προσχώρησε στο ΝΑΤΟ κατά τη διάρκεια του Ψυχρού Πολέμου, αυτό ήταν μια μεγάλη νίκη για τη στρατιωτική συμμαχία καθώς επέφερε μερική περικύκλωση της Ρωσίας. Αλλά τώρα, η Τουρκία ενεργεί σε στρατηγικό επίπεδο σαν μια αδέσμευτη χώρα, ακόμη και αν συνεχίζει να διατηρεί το δικαίωμα του βέτο εντός του ΝΑΤΟ.</p>



<p>Κατά τη διάρκεια του Ψυχρού Πολέμου, οι αδέσμευτες χώρες αποτελούνταν από κράτη που ήταν πολύ πιο αδύναμα οικονομικά και στρατιωτικά από τις ΗΠΑ και τη Ρωσία, αλλά που μπορούσαν σταδιακά να βελτιώσουν τη θέση τους κρατώντας ανοιχτές τις πόρτες τους και στα δύο μπλοκ, ουσιαστικά πηγαίνοντας με όποιον θα τους έδινε την καλύτερη συμφωνία.</p>



<p>Έτσι, η Τουρκία εξυπηρετεί ουσιαστικά τα δικά της συμφέροντα, ενάντια τόσο στις ΗΠΑ/ΕΕ όσο και στη Ρωσία, καθώς και σε άλλους μεσαίους αντιπάλους προς τα νότια και ανατολικά της, για παράδειγμα με τον τρόπο που έχει χρησιμοποιήσει σουνιτικές φονταμενταλιστικές ομάδες σχετιζόμενες με το Ισλαμικό Κράτος ενάντια τόσο στο Ιράν όσο και στους Κούρδους.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="819" height="1024" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/γαλλία-france-2023-15-819x1024.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22579" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/γαλλία-france-2023-15-819x1024.jpg 819w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/γαλλία-france-2023-15-240x300.jpg 240w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/γαλλία-france-2023-15-768x960.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/γαλλία-france-2023-15-480x600.jpg 480w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/γαλλία-france-2023-15-400x500.jpg 400w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/γαλλία-france-2023-15.jpg 1080w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Τα μέλλοντα</strong></p>



<p>Όταν ένα παγκόσμιο σύστημα παραπαίει, οι γενικές επιλογές είναι:</p>



<p>α) το σύστημα ανανεώνεται και επανεφευρίσκεται με επιτυχία, με τον παλιό ηγέτη να λανσάρει μια αναμορφωμένη αρχιτεκτονική</p>



<p>β) ένας νέος ηγέτης εξασφαλίζει την εξουσία και τη νομιμοποίηση να κερδίσει την υποστήριξη μιας νέας αρχιτεκτονικής, αρχίζοντας ένα νέο παγκόσμιο σύστημα</p>



<p>γ) οι άνθρωποι αυξάνουν τις ικανότητες τους για αντίσταση στο Κράτος και κερδίζουμε μια παγκόσμια επανάσταση, καταστρέφοντας το παγκόσμιο σύστημα και αποτρέποντας τη δημιουργία ενός νέου</p>



<p>δ) το τρέχον παγκόσμιο σύστημα παραμένει στη θέση του, διαβρώνεται και διολισθαίνει όλο και περισσότερο σε παγκόσμιο πόλεμο μέχρι τελικά να συμβεί η επιλογή α, β ή γ.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/220511035155-02-us-navy-woman-aircraft-carrier-commander-1024x683.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23717" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/220511035155-02-us-navy-woman-aircraft-carrier-commander-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/220511035155-02-us-navy-woman-aircraft-carrier-commander-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/220511035155-02-us-navy-woman-aircraft-carrier-commander-768x512.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/220511035155-02-us-navy-woman-aircraft-carrier-commander-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/220511035155-02-us-navy-woman-aircraft-carrier-commander-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/220511035155-02-us-navy-woman-aircraft-carrier-commander-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/220511035155-02-us-navy-woman-aircraft-carrier-commander-720x480.jpg 720w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Ένας Νέος Αμερικανικός Αιώνας</strong></p>



<p>Αναφέρομαι στο Σχέδιο για Έναν Νέο Αμερικανικό Αιώνα (<em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_for_the_New_American_Century" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Project for a New American Century- PNAC</a></em>), την ομάδα νεοσυντηρητικών διανοούμενων που υποστήριξαν τον Μπους ΙΙ και πίστευαν ότι είχαν το στρατηγικό σχέδιο για την αναζωογόνηση των ΗΠΑ ως αδιαμφισβήτητο ηγέτη του κόσμου. Η ειρωνεία είναι ότι κανένας άλλος παίκτης δεν έχει κάνει περισσότερα από τις ΗΠΑ για να υπονομεύσει την ηγεμονία των ΗΠΑ.</p>



<p>Η εξωτερική και οικονομική πολιτική που υποστηρίχθηκε από τον Μπους ΙΙ και συνεχίστηκε με κάποιους τρόπους από τον Τραμπ και άλλους τρόπους από τον Μπάιντεν, πιθανόν έχει καταστρέψει οποιαδήποτε πιθανότητα έχουν οι ΗΠΑ να αποκαταστήσουν την παγκόσμια αρχιτεκτονική που καθιέρωσαν μετά την νίκη τους επί των Ναζί.</p>



<p>Το γεγονός ότι κανένας στην αμερικανική ή βρετανική πολιτική ελίτ δεν φαίνεται να κατανοεί αυτό το γεγονός, απλά το επιβεβαιώνει. Και παρόλο που το επίπεδο της αυτοκαταστροφικής άγνοιας είναι εκπληκτικό, δεν πρέπει να προκαλεί έκπληξη, καθώς οι καπιταλιστές συνήθως κατανοούν τον καπιταλισμό σε επιφανειακό επίπεδο, όπως και οι κρατιστές κατανοούν το Κράτος σε επιφανειακό επίπεδο, παρόμοια με τους σχολιαστές αθλητικών που αναλύουν κυρίως τις φάσεις των πιο πρόσφατων αγώνων.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1366x768-black-monday-stock-markets-today-1024x576.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23718" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1366x768-black-monday-stock-markets-today-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1366x768-black-monday-stock-markets-today-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1366x768-black-monday-stock-markets-today-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1366x768-black-monday-stock-markets-today-60x34.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1366x768-black-monday-stock-markets-today.jpg 1366w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Όταν οι ΗΠΑ ήταν στην στιγμή της μεγαλύτερης ισχύος τους, στα τέλη της δεκαετίας του &#8217;80 και στη δεκαετία του &#8217;90, αμέσως μετά τη νίκη τους στον Ψυχρό Πόλεμο, η υπεροψία του νεοσυντηρητικού κινήματος στην πολιτική τάξη και η ανεξέλεγκτη απληστία της νεοφιλελεύθερης τεχνοκρατίας μεταξύ των χρηματοπιστωτικών ιδρυμάτων, κατέστρεψαν άμεσα τη βάση της ηγεμονίας των ΗΠΑ.</p>



<p>Το ΔΝΤ, οι G7, και όλο το τσίρκο των ανθρωπιστικών ΜΚΟ και διεθνών επενδυτών επωφελήθηκαν κατάφωρα από τη διαφθορά, τα αυταρχικά καθεστώτα και τους εμφύλιους πολέμους σε πρόσφατα αποαποικιοποιημένες χώρες. Αυτό που εννοούσαν όταν μίλαγαν για &#8220;ανάπτυξη&#8221; ήταν η απόλυτη εξάρτηση από ένα μόνο εξαγώγιμο προϊόν, έτσι ώστε κάθε φτωχή χώρα να μην είναι μόνο εντελώς ευάλωτη στην πολιτική πίεση από τις ΗΠΑ και την Ευρώπη, αλλά και να βυθίζεται στην πείνα ανάλογα με τις διακυμάνσεις της αγοράς συναλλάγματος. Μετά τη δεκαετία του &#8217;70, αυτό που τους ενδιέφερε περισσότερο ήταν να βγάζουν κέρδη με κάθε τρόπο βασιζόμενοι σε καθαρή χρηματοοικονομική κερδοσκοπία παρά σε οποιαδήποτε παραγωγική ανάπτυξη που, από καπιταλιστική άποψη, θα μπορούσε να θεωρηθεί βιώσιμη. Με άλλα λόγια, όλη η πτέρυγα οπαδών του <a href="https://www.in.gr/2024/01/24/economy/diethnis-oikonomia/lorens-samers-amerikaniki-oikonomia-einai-opos-lagoudaki-tis-energizer/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Λόρενς Σάμερς</a> δεν έκρυβε το γεγονός ότι ήταν βρικόλακες που δεν πίστευαν καν το δικό τους δόγμα, ενώ η πλευρά των <a href="https://www.efsyn.gr/kosmos/boreia-ameriki/300586_ntonalnt-ramsfelnt-pethane-geraki-ton-polemon-se-afganistan-kai-irak" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ράμσφελντ</a> και <a href="https://www.kathimerini.gr/world/562888621/synenteyxi-tzon-mpolton-stin-k-o-tramp-thelei-na-vgalei-tis-ipa-apo-to-nato/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Μπόλτον</a> αδυνατούσε να κρύψει την άγνοιά της για τον κόσμο, για την πολιτική και για τις χώρες στις οποίες πίστευαν ότι μπορούσαν να κυριαρχήσουν.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="735" height="488" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/wall-street-3.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23719" style="width:840px;height:auto" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/wall-street-3.jpg 735w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/wall-street-3-300x199.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/wall-street-3-60x40.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px" /></figure>



<p>Η όλη ηγεμονία των ΗΠΑ στη παγκόσμια πολιτική σκηνή ήταν γενικότερα κατάφωρη.</p>



<p>Οι ΗΠΑ και το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο θα μπορούσαν να είχαν αποδεχτεί περιστασιακές παραχωρήσεις, μη επιτυγχάνοντας πάντα τα επιθυμητά αποτελέσματα στις διεθνείς συγκρούσεις. Αυτό το θέατρο του «παίζοντας δίκαια» θα μπορούσε να είχε δημιουργήσει ευρεία πίστη και εξάρτηση από το πλαίσιο των Ηνωμένων Εθνών. Και αυτό θα είχε ενισχύσει τη δύναμη των ΗΠΑ μακροπρόθεσμα, αφού ο ΟΗΕ δημιουργήθηκε από τις ΗΠΑ και έχει την έδρα της παγκόσμιας πολιτικής στη Νέα Υόρκη. Αλλά αντίθετα, δεν κατανόησαν τη ηγεμονική και σχεσιακή φύση της εξουσίας και πίστευαν ότι η κατοχή μιας άνευ προηγουμένου ποσότητας ισχύος σήμαινε ότι μπορούσαν να δρουν μονομερώς χωρίς να υπονομεύσουν την ίδια τη βάση αυτής της ισχύος.</p>



<p>Αυτό θα ήταν σαν η Apple να είχε καταφέρει να χρησιμοποιούν όλοι στον κόσμο υπολογιστές Apple, αλλά να μην επέτρεπε στους ανθρώπους να παράγουν οτιδήποτε μέσα σε έναν υπολογιστή Apple που να κριτικάρει την Apple. Τι σημασία έχει αν μιλάς άσχημα για το Twitter X, αν το μόνο φόρουμ για να το κάνεις είναι το Twitter X;</p>



<p>Εισβάλλοντας αυθαίρετα στο Ιράκ δύο φορές και δολοφονώντας εκατομμύρια ανθρώπους, ανατρέποντας σοσιαλδημοκρατικά (αλλά καπιταλιστικά!) καθεστώτα επειδή αυτά δεν ευνοούσαν μια λίστα Δυτικών επενδυτών, προστατεύοντας το Ισραήλ από την οποιαδήποτε ελάχιστη επίπληξη μέχρι το σημείο όπου σχεδόν το σύνολο της ισραηλινής κοινωνίας να αισθάνεται πως έχει το δικαίωμα να διαπράττει γενοκτονία — όχι στα κρυφά, όπως μερικές φορές κάνουν οι ΗΠΑ, αλλά φανερά μπροστά στις κάμερες τηλεοπτικών καναλιών, χαμογελώντας και κάνοντας αστεία, με τις ίδιες τις ΗΠΑ να κρατούν τις κάμερες — οι ΗΠΑ και το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο έχουν καταστρέψει την νομιμοποίηση και την λειτουργικότητα του ίδιου τους του πολιτικού εργαλείου. Οι ΗΠΑ (και υπό την προστασία τους, το Ισραήλ) αγνοούν κατάφωρα και αυθαίρετα τις αποφάσεις του ΟΗΕ. Δρουν σαν “κράτος-παρίας” μέσα στο διακρατικό σύστημα που οι ίδιες σχεδίασαν, αν και το σχεδίασαν προς όφελός τους. Και αυτή η καουμπόικη στάση πάντα χαρακτήριζε την εξωτερική πολιτική των ΗΠΑ (εκτός, ίσως, υπό τον Ρούζβελτ), αλλά επιταχύνθηκε υπό τον Ρέιγκαν και ειδικά τον Μπους ΙΙ.</p>



<p>Ο Τραμπ μιμήθηκε αυτή την αλαζονεία με αρκετές μονομερείς κινήσεις, ενισχύοντας για παράδειγμα την εν λευκώ υποστήριξη προς το Ισραήλ, και αποσυρόμενος από το ίδιο το ζήτημα της στρατηγικής με μια τάση μη-επέμβασης που άφησε τους κύριους συμμάχους των ΗΠΑ ξεκρέμαστους. Η διοίκηση του Μπάιντεν εντωμεταξύ, προσπαθεί να κάνει επανεκκίνηση της στρατηγικής σκέψης, αλλά ενεργεί σαν να βρισκόμαστε στο 1996.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ΓΑΖΑ_ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ-1296x864-1-1024x683.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23636" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ΓΑΖΑ_ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ-1296x864-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ΓΑΖΑ_ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ-1296x864-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ΓΑΖΑ_ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ-1296x864-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ΓΑΖΑ_ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ-1296x864-1-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ΓΑΖΑ_ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ-1296x864-1-720x480.jpg 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/ΓΑΖΑ_ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ-1296x864-1.jpg 1296w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Το Ισραήλ ήταν κάποτε ένα σημαντικό στρατιωτικό εργαστήριο για τις ΗΠΑ και μια πυρηνική επιλογή στην κύρια περιοχή πετρελαϊκής παραγωγής του κόσμου, σε μια εποχή που μια παναραβική συμμαχία απειλούσε με τον έλεγχο τόσο του πετρελαίου όσο και της διώρυγας του Σουέζ. Τώρα, το Ισραήλ είναι σε μεγάλο βαθμό ένα βαρίδιο. Η Σαουδική Αραβία, η Τουρκία και το Ιράν προσπαθούν να ξανασχεδιάσουν τις γραμμές εξουσίας στη Δυτική Ασία με επιθετικό τρόπο και κανένας από αυτούς δεν βασίζεται αποκλειστικά στις ΗΠΑ για την προστασία τους. Η Υεμένη απειλεί ουσιαστικά τη ναυσιπλοΐα μέσω της διώρυγας του Σουέζ και το μεγαλύτερο μέρος του πετρελαίου της Δυτικής Ασίας εξάγεται προς την Ινδία και τις οικονομίες της Ανατολικής Ασίας, κυρίως την Κίνα.</p>



<p>Καθώς το Ισραήλ συνεχίζει την κατάφωρη γενοκτονία των Παλαιστινίων, ο ΟΗΕ αποδεικνύεται ανίκανος να παρέχει ακόμη και ανθρωπιστική βοήθεια και σχεδόν αγνοείται ως δυνητικός διαμεσολαβητής. Οι μόνοι παίκτες που μπορούν να απειλήσουν πραγματικά το Ισραήλ είναι η Χεζμπολάχ, οι Χούθι και οι ένοπλες πολιτοφυλακές που συνδέονται με τους Φρουρούς της Επανάστασης. Ο κύριος παίκτης στη διαδικασία διαμεσολάβησης είναι το Κατάρ. Με άλλα λόγια, οι μόνοι παίκτες που κερδίζουν σε νομιμοποίηση και ισχύ είναι σύμμαχοι του Ιράν, το οποίο είναι η μόνη από τις τρεις περιφερειακές δυνάμεις με την οποία οι ΗΠΑ δεν έχουν καμία σχέση επιρροής ή συμμαχίας.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1000" height="563" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/εθνικισμός.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-21653" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/εθνικισμός.jpg 1000w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/εθνικισμός-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/εθνικισμός-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/εθνικισμός-480x270.jpg 480w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/εθνικισμός-888x500.jpg 888w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Εντωμεταξύ, οι ΗΠΑ υποσκάπτουν τη σχέση τους με τις ευρωπαϊκές κυβερνήσεις. Ο Τραμπ συγκεκριμένα έδειξε στην ΕΕ και στο ΝΑΤΟ ότι δεν μπορούν πλέον να θεωρούν τις ΗΠΑ αξιόπιστο εταίρο τους, και αυτό είναι ένα άμεσο αποτέλεσμα της δυσλειτουργίας της δημοκρατίας καθώς το παγκόσμιο σύστημα καταρρέει. Οι δημοκρατικοί μηχανισμοί εξακολουθούν να παρέχουν έναν σημαντικό μηχανισμό αποσυμπίεσης που μπορεί να καθησυχάζει και να ενσωματώνει τα κινήματα αντίστασης πριν αυτά γίνουν επαναστατικά. Αλλά στις ΗΠΑ, τη Βραζιλία, την Ουγγαρία, την Πολωνία και το Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο, οι εκλογικές νίκες των δεξιών λαϊκιστών έδειξαν ότι στην πραγματικότητα η δημοκρατία είναι επικίνδυνη για την εξουσία επειδή δεν είναι εντελώς προσχηματική. Μέχρι τώρα, οι εκλογικές υποσχέσεις ήταν όλες για τα σκουπίδια γιατί καμία νέα πολιτική διοίκηση δεν έθετε σε κίνδυνο τις υποκείμενες οικονομικές πολιτικές του νεοφιλελευθερισμού. Οι τεχνοκράτες δεν έπρεπε να ανησυχούν: η μηχανή τους θα συνέχιζε να λειτουργεί αδιάλειπτα.</p>



<p>Ακόμη και οι εκλογικές νίκες προοδευτικών κομμάτων στην Ελλάδα, τη Βραζιλία, την Αργεντινή και αλλού έδιναν στους καπιταλιστές να καταλάβουν ότι δεν έχουν κανένα λόγο να ανησυχούν. Και τα δημοκρατικά κράτη αποδείχθηκαν ικανά να διαλύσουν πραγματικά φασιστικά κινήματα όπως η Χρυσή Αυγή στην Ελλάδα, πριν αυτά αποδειχθούν πραγματική απειλή. Αλλά οι δεξιοί λευκοί λαϊκιστές όπως ο Τραμπ, ο Μπολσονάρο, ο Όρμπαν και ο Τζόνσον, όχι μόνο διέβρωσαν τη λειτουργικότητα της δημοκρατικής διακυβέρνησης, αλλά απείλησαν και τη σταθερότητα του τεχνοκρατικού status quo, τρομάζοντας τους επενδυτές που ζούσαν μέχρι τότε σε έναν παράδεισο φτιαγμένο μόνο για αυτούς, και έκαναν κομμάτια την υποτιθέμενη ανθεκτικότητα βασικών πολιτικών σχηματισμών όπως η Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση ή η συμμαχία ΗΠΑ-Ευρώπης.</p>



<p>Η Ευρώπη— έχοντας αποτελέσει για καιρό τον πολύτιμο φορέα πολιτιστικής και πολιτικής νομιμοποίησης, δεδομένης της λευκής υπεροχής στην καρδιά του παγκόσμιου συστήματος— έχει για πρώτη φορά εδώ και σχεδόν έναν αιώνα αναγκαστεί να διαχωρίσει τα συμφέροντά της, και αυτό φαίνεται ήδη σε μια εμφανώς διαφορετική προσέγγιση προς την Κίνα. Στις ΗΠΑ, η πολιτική ελίτ ήδη θεωρεί την Κίνα ισότιμο αντίπαλο για ένα νέο Ψυχρό Πόλεμο, ενώ στην Ευρώπη η Κίνα θεωρείται ως ένας εν μέρη αξιόπιστος στρατηγικός εταίρος. Αν δεν αλλάξει κάτι γρήγορα, οι ΗΠΑ θα υποβαθμιστούν στην ίδια κατάσταση.</p>



<p>Και χωρίς αξιόπιστη υποστήριξη από τις ΗΠΑ, η ΕΕ θα πρέπει να ετοιμαστεί για πόλεμο, για να μπορέσει να αποτρέψει τη Ρωσία από περαιτέρω εισβολές. Για να βρεθεί μια ισορροπία που η Ρωσία δεν θα ρισκάρει να διαταράξει, αυτό μπορεί να σημαίνει να εγκαταληφθεί η Ουκρανία σε έναν μόνιμο διαμελισμό.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1024" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/barbie-movie-feminism-1024x1024.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23720" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/barbie-movie-feminism-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/barbie-movie-feminism-300x300.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/barbie-movie-feminism-150x150.jpg 150w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/barbie-movie-feminism-768x768.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/barbie-movie-feminism-60x60.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/barbie-movie-feminism-480x480.jpg 480w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/barbie-movie-feminism.jpg 1080w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Από την προοπτική της αμερικανικής ισχύος, τίποτα από αυτά δεν φαίνεται να είναι για καλό. Για να έχουν την οποιαδήποτε πιθανότητα να ανανεώσουν το παγκόσμιο σύστημα που δημιούργησαν, οι ΗΠΑ θα πρέπει να κάνουν φιλόδοξες κινήσεις για να εξιλεώσουν την κακή τους φήμη:</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>να υποστηρίξουν την δημιουργία Παλαιστινιακού Κράτους και να διακόψουν επίσημα την υποστήριξη της τρέχουσας κυρίαρχης τάξης του Ισραήλ καταστρέφοντας με αυτόν τον τρόπο την ισραηλινή οικονομία</li>



<li>να εξομαλύνουν τις σχέσεις με την Κίνα και το Ιράν, εξασφαλίζοντας όμως ευνοϊκές επενδυτικές και εμπορικές συμφωνίες με τα κατ’όνομα δημοκρατικά καθεστώτα όπως της Ινδίας, της Ταϊβάν και της Νότιας Κορέας</li>



<li>να κάνουν μια πειστική, ουσιαστική πρόταση για αναδιάταξη των διεθνών επενδύσεων που να διαφέρει από τη μισθοφορική νομισματική πολιτική του ΔΝΤ, διασφαλίζοντας περισσότερη αυτονομία για τη &#8220;βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη”, που θα καθοδηγείται από τις τοπικές κυρίαρχες τάξεις των πρώην αποικιοκρατούμενων χωρών, κλπ.</li>



<li>να παρουσιάσουν ένα πειστικό σχέδιο για μια παγκόσμια μετάβαση στη πράσινη ενέργεια που θα επιταχύνει το τρέχον κύμα κερδοφόρων επενδύσεων, εξόρυξης και παραγωγής, ενώ επίσης θα περιλαμβάνει ένα στοιχείο &#8220;παγκόσμιας δικαιοσύνης&#8221;που θα παρέχει ουσιαστικούς πόρους σε φτωχές χώρες για να συμμετάσχουν στη μετάβαση και να βελτιώσουν την οικονομική τους θέση</li>
</ul>



<p>Και εσωτερικά:</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>να υιοθετήσουν την κατάργηση των φυλακών για δεύτερη φορά (η πρώτη φορά ήταν το 1865<a id="_ftnref1" href="#_ftn1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>) με την αποποινικοποίηση των ναρκωτικών, την κατάργηση της ποινής της κάθειρξης για όλους τους μη βίαιους παραβάτες και την επέκταση της χρήσης άοπλων περιπολικών γειτονιάς</li>



<li>να θεσπίσει υγειονομική περίθαλψη για όλους</li>
</ul>



<p>Η πιθανότητα να συμβούν αυτά φαίνεται ωστόσο ελάχιστη, δεδομένου του πόσο μικρή είναι η επίγνωση που έχει η σημερινή άρχουσα τάξη για όλους τους τρόπους με τους οποίους υπονομεύει η ίδια την εξουσία της.</p>



<p>Μοιάζουν να πιστεύουν ακόμα ότι η προβολή δύναμης είναι ο τρόπος για να παραμείνουν στην εξουσία. Αλλά κανείς δεν αμφισβητεί ότι οι ΗΠΑ έχουν τον ισχυρότερο στρατό στον κόσμο. Δεν χρειάζεται. Το μόνο που χρειάζεται να δείξουν οι αντίπαλοι είναι ότι ο στρατός των ΗΠΑ αδυνατεί να φέρει εις πέρας αυτά που επιθυμεί η άρχουσα τάξη. Αυτό αποδείχθηκε τόσο στο Αφγανιστάν όσο και στο αδιέξοδο του Ιράκ. Και τώρα οι ΗΠΑ κόβουν βόλτες πάνω κάτω στην Ερυθρά Θάλασσα και τη Μεσόγειο εκτοξεύοντας πυραύλους στην Υεμένη, τη Συρία και το Ιράκ, φουσκώνοντας το στήθος τους και δείχνοντας ότι αν με χτυπήσεις με ένα άχυρο θα σε χτυπήσω με ένα σφυρί, αλλά αυτό που πραγματικά δείχνουν είναι η αναποτελεσματικότητά τους, η προθυμία τους να προκαλέσουν αποσταθεροποίηση της περιοχής από καθαρή αλαζονεία, και η μόνιμη περιφρόνησή τους για τα κυριαρχικά δικαιώματα οποιασδήποτε άλλης χώρας, ακόμα και των συμμάχων τους.</p>



<p>Αυτό βλάπτει σοβαρά την πίστη στις ΗΠΑ ως τον εν δυνάμει παγκόσμιο ηγέτη, γιατί μία από τις βασικές αλλαγές από το βρετανικό παγκόσμιο σύστημα στο αμερικανικό ήταν η αποαποικιοποίηση, καθώς μετά τον Β&#8217; Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο οι ΗΠΑ προβλήθηκαν ως εγγυητές της ελευθερίας απέναντι τόσο σε δικτατορίες όσο και σε επιθετικά κράτη.</p>



<p>Η αμερικανική ισχύς ακυρώνεται από την πραγματικότητα. Για δύο χρόνια, η Ουκρανία πολεμά επί ίσοις όροις τη Ρωσία, τη δεύτερη ισχυρότερη στρατιωτική δύναμη στον κόσμο, καταστρέφοντας ρωσικά τανκς εκατομμυρίων δολαρίων με drones αξίας μερικών χιλιάδων δολαρίων. Οι Χούθι τώρα χρησιμοποιούν drones απειλώντας τη ναυσιπλοΐα σε μία από τις πιο σημαντικές εμπορικές υδάτινες οδούς της παγκόσμιας οικονομίας. Η αποτελεσματικότητα των αμερικανικών συστημάτων αντιπυραυλικής άμυνας αξίας δισεκατομμυρίων δολαρίων είναι απλώς μέτρια. Εν τω μεταξύ, οι αμερικανικές πυραυλικές επιθέσεις από βάσεις, πλοία και αεροπλάνα σε όλη την περιοχή είναι κάτι παρά πάνω από αναποτελεσματικές, επειδή ενισχύουν τους αντιπάλους και αναγκάζουν τις μη συμμαχικές χώρες να επανατοποθετήσουν τους εαυτούς τους σε απόσταση ασφαλείας από τις ΗΠΑ και το Ισραήλ.</p>



<p>Αντί να προβάλλουν ισχύ, οι ΗΠΑ χρειάζονται να προβάλλουν νοημοσύνη, δημιουργώντας λύσεις για τις πολλές κρίσεις που πλήττουν το παγκόσμιο σύστημα. Η σημερινή αμερικανική κυρίαρχη τάξη δεν βλέπει τα πραγματικά προβλήματα και δεν προτείνει καμία πραγματική λύση. Η πιθανότητα αλλαγής φρουράς που θα ωθήσει τις αμερικανικές και ευρωπαϊκές ελίτ σε μια πιο έξυπνη στάση είναι εξαιρετικά χαμηλή, κοιτώντας τον εκλογικό χάρτη.</p>



<p>Από τους Τραμπικούς, που ρίχνουν λάδι στη φωτιά στο εσωτερικό και στο εξωτερικό, μέχρι τους Μπάιντεν, που δοκιμάζουν τις ίδιες παλιές τεχνικές ελπίζοντας σε διαφορετικά αποτελέσματα, το πολιτικό κατεστημένο βρίσκεται σε πόλεμο με τον εαυτό του. Πολιτικοί, τεχνοκράτες και επενδυτές εκλαμβάνουν προτάσεις που είναι πραγματικά αναγκαίες για να σωθεί το τρέχον παγκόσμιο σύστημα σαν ένα παράξενο μείγμα προδοσίας, προοδευτικών ανοησιών και σοσιαλιστικής επανάστασης.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/brics-1024x576.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23721" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/brics-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/brics-300x169.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/brics-768x432.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/brics-60x34.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/brics.jpg 1280w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Ο δρόμος των BRICS</strong></p>



<p>Σε αυτό το σημείο φαίνεται απίθανο ότι οι ΗΠΑ θα μπορούσαν να διασώσουν το σχέδιό τους για παγκόσμια κυριαρχία, αλλά μέχρι να εμφανιστεί ένας αποτελεσματικός νέος ηγέτης με μια πειστική νέα αρχιτεκτονική, αυτό σημαίνει ότι το τρέχον σύστημα θα συνεχίσει να υφίσταται, παρακμάζοντας όλο και περισσότερο με συγκρούσεις, πολέμους και ακόμη και νεοφασιστικά καθεστώτα σε ορισμένες περιοχές, μέχρι να συμβεί μια αποφασιστική αλλαγή προς τη μία ή την άλλη κατεύθυνση.</p>



<p>Στο δοκίμιο «<a href="https://theanvilreview.org/print/anarchy-in-world-systems/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Αναρχία στα Παγκόσμια Συστήματα</a>», ο <a href="https://theanvilreview.org/author/alex-gorrion/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Alex Gorrion </a>υποστηρίζει ότι ο επόμενος παγκόσμιος αρχιτέκτονας θα είναι πιθανώς η Κίνα ή ενδεχομένως η Ινδία.</p>



<p>Πριν εξετάσουμε αυτές τις πιθανότητες, ας ρίξουμε μια ματιά σε ένα χαρακτηριστικό του θεωρητικού πλαισίου που χρησιμοποιούμε, το παγκόσμιο σύστημα. Ο πιο σχετικός θεωρητικός είναι ο Τζιοβάνι Αρίγκι, ο οποίος συνδύαζε μια κατά κύριο λόγο υλιστική ανάλυση των παγκόσμιων οικονομικών ροών με μια κατά κύριο λόγο αναρχική ανάλυση της εξουσίας και του κοινωνικού σχεδιασμού υπό το σύγχρονο κράτος. Φυσικά δεν αποδίδει τα εύσημα στους αναρχικούς, αλλά είναι ακαδημαϊκός, οπότε αυτό είναι αναμενόμενο.</p>



<p>Στην πρώτη έκδοση του <a href="https://www.politeianet.gr/books/arrighi-giovanni-enallaktikes-ekdoseis-ta-monopatia-tou-kefalaiou-241024" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">βιβλίου</a> του &#8221; Τα μονοπάτια του Κεφαλαίου&#8221;, που δημοσιεύθηκε το 1994, ο Αρίγκι κάνει αυτό το τολμηρό βήμα: μια πρόβλεψη. Και το παίρνει εντελώς λάθος, λέγοντας ότι η Ιαπωνία θα είναι ο αρχιτέκτονας και ηγέτης του επόμενου παγκόσμιου συστήματος. Σε μια μεταγενέστερη έκδοση του βιβλίου ωστόσο, κάνει το σωστό και αναγνωρίζει ότι έκανε λάθος και ότι πιθανότατα η ηγέτιδα δύναμη του μέλλοντος θα είναι η Κίνα. Ωστόσο, δεν προσφέρει μια πειστική ανάλυση για το ποιο ελάττωμα της θεωρίας τον οδήγησε να κάνει αρχικά αυτό το λάθος.</p>



<p>Στο κείμενο «Αναρχία στα Παγκόσμια Συστήματα» υποστηρίζεται ότι το λάθος του Αρίγκι προκύπτει από την προτίμηση του προς την υλιστική πλευρά του δικού του θεωρητικού εργαλείου, έναντι της αναρχικής οπτικής. Η συσσώρευση κεφαλαίου δεν είναι η κινητήρια δύναμη του παγκόσμιου συστήματος. Είναι ένα αναγκαίο καύσιμο, αλλά η συσσώρευση κεφαλαίου δεν συμβαίνει χωρίς την αρχιτεκτονική και τον στρατηγικό σχεδιασμό των κρατών. Μπορούμε να συνειδητοποιήσουμε πόσο προφανές θα έπρεπε να είναι αυτό, αν αφήσουμε τους εαυτούς μας να δουν εκ των υστέρων το πόσο γελοία ήταν η πρόβλεψη ότι η Ιαπωνία θα ήταν η νούμερο ένα παγκόσμια δύναμη. Αυτή η πρόβλεψη βασιζόταν σε στατιστικά στοιχεία για την οικονομική ανάπτυξη της Ιαπωνίας, αφήνοντας έξω τον μη ποσοτικοποιήσιμο παράγοντα: τον στρατηγικό σχεδιασμό και τις διαμάχες εξουσίας των κρατών.</p>



<p>Η Ιαπωνία δεν θα μπορούσε να είναι ο επόμενος παγκόσμιος αρχιτέκτονας, διότι δεν είχε κερδίσει ποτέ έναν πόλεμο ενάντια στον παλιό ηγέτη, τις ΗΠΑ, και έτσι δεν είχε αποκτήσει κάποιο χώρο αυτονομίας μέσα στον οποίο θα μπορούσε να αρχίσει να κατασκευάζει έναν νέο σχεδιασμό. Μόλις η Ιαπωνία αμφισβήτησε τις ΗΠΑ— σε καθαρά οικονομικό επίπεδο— στη δεκαετία του &#8217;80, οι Αμερικανοί σχεδιαστές απλώς έκοψαν την παροχή χρήματος. Μετά τον Πόλεμο της Κορέας όμως, η Κίνα είχε αυτή τη στρατιωτική νίκη έναντι των ΗΠΑ, και άρα έναν χώρο περιφερειακής αυτονομίας.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="682" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/China-Communist-Party-Centennary-Celebration-July-1-2021-1024x682.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-23722" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/China-Communist-Party-Centennary-Celebration-July-1-2021-1024x682.webp 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/China-Communist-Party-Centennary-Celebration-July-1-2021-300x200.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/China-Communist-Party-Centennary-Celebration-July-1-2021-768x511.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/China-Communist-Party-Centennary-Celebration-July-1-2021-1536x1022.webp 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/China-Communist-Party-Centennary-Celebration-July-1-2021-60x40.webp 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/China-Communist-Party-Centennary-Celebration-July-1-2021-720x480.webp 720w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/China-Communist-Party-Centennary-Celebration-July-1-2021.webp 1600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Θα μπορούσε λοιπόν η Κίνα να είναι ο αρχιτέκτονας του επόμενου παγκόσμιου συστήματος, και πώς θα μπορούσε αυτό να μοιάζει;</p>



<p>Για αρχή, η Κίνα δεν φαίνεται να έχει τη στρατιωτική δύναμη που απολάμβαναν οι προηγούμενοι αρχιτέκτονες του παγκόσμιου συστήματος. Τον 18ο και 19ο αιώνα, οι Βρετανοί είχαν τον πιο ισχυρό στόλο του κόσμου, πράγμα που τους έδινε παγκόσμια στρατιωτική εμβέλεια. Στο τέλος του Β&#8217; Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου οι ΗΠΑ είχαν τον πιο αποτελεσματικό στρατό, τον μεγαλύτερο στόλο αεροπλανοφόρων, πυρηνικές βόμβες, βομβαρδιστικά μεγάλων αποστάσεων, και στρατιωτικές βάσεις με διαδρόμους προσγείωσης αρκετά μεγάλους για αυτά τα βομβαρδιστικά, σε όλο τον κόσμο.</p>



<p>Σήμερα, η Κίνα κατέχει προηγμένη τεχνολογία, αλλά μόλις πρόσφατα απέκτησε έναν στόλο ανοιχτής θάλασσας και πολύ πιο πρόσφατα επεκτάθηκε σε διαπλανητικό επίπεδο, στήνοντας τις πρώτες στρατιωτικές βάσεις στην ανατολική Αφρική. Ωστόσο, αυτή η διάκριση μπορεί να μην είναι τόσο σημαντική όσο ήταν στο παρελθόν.</p>



<p>Δεν υπάρχει κράτος που η κινεζική κυβέρνηση θα πρέπει να ανατρέψει ή να κατακτήσει για να πάρει τη θέση του ως παγκόσμιος αρχιτέκτονας (η Ταϊβάν μοιάζει να είναι αυτό το κράτος, αν και για λόγους πολύ πιο σχετικούς με την ιδεολογία της Κινεζικής άρχουσας τάξης παρά με την θέση της Κίνας στην παγκόσμια σκηνή· η Ταϊβάν, στην πραγματικότητα, θα μπορούσε να γίνει το Ισραήλ της Κίνας). Στο τρέχον σύστημα, ο ανοιχτός πόλεμος έχει δείξει φθίνουσες αποδόσεις. Καμία μεγάλη δύναμη δεν έχει συγκρουστεί ανοιχτά από το 1945 και όλες οι μεγάλες επεμβάσεις των δύο παγκόσμιων δυνάμεων (Βιετνάμ για τις ΗΠΑ και τους Σοβιετικούς, Αφγανιστάν για τους Σοβιετικούς, Αφγανιστάν και Ιράκ για τις ΗΠΑ) τους κόστισαν τελικά περισσότερα από όσα κέρδισαν.</p>



<p>Η μόνη στρατιωτική ικανότητα που πιθανώς θα χρειαζόταν η Κίνα για να αναλάβει τον ρόλο του παγκόσμιου ηγέτη είναι η επιχειρησιακή ικανότητα για αποτροπή και σταθεροποίηση. Αποτροπή σημαίνει απλώς ότι η Κίνα θα αποτελεί στρατιωτική απειλή αρκετά ισχυρή ώστε κανένα άλλο κράτος να μην τολμά να της επιτεθεί ανοιχτά σε αυτήν ή στα μικρότερα κράτη που η ίδια θεωρεί ως την κύρια ζώνη επιρροής της. Οι επιχειρήσεις σταθεροποίησης θα απαιτούσαν από την Κίνα να προβάλει τη δύναμη της διεθνώς για να προστατεύσει τη ροή του εμπορίου και τις μεγάλες επενδύσεις. Οι βάσεις της στην Ανατολική Αφρική είναι καλά τοποθετημένες για να βοηθήσουν στην αστυνόμευση των διαδρομών προς την Ερυθρά Θάλασσα και τη Διώρυγα του Σουέζ μέσω των οποίων ρέει μεγάλο μέρος του εμπορίου μεταξύ Ευρώπης και Ασίας.</p>



<p>Ωστόσο, αν προχωρήσουμε αυτή την ανάλυση περαιτέρω, θα ήταν λάθος να υποθέσουμε ότι απαιτείται ένα μόνο κράτος να είναι η μοναδική στρατιωτική και οικονομική υπερδύναμη για να ξεκινήσει ένα νέο παγκόσμιο σύστημα. Από τη <em>Βεστφαλιανή κυριαρχία</em><a href="#_ftn2" id="_ftnref2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> μέχρι τα Ηνωμένα Έθνη, όλα τα προηγούμενα παγκόσμια συστήματα βασίζονταν σε μεγάλο βαθμό στη συνεργασία (μεταξύ των εθνών-κρατών) και αν όχι στη συναίνεση, τότε τουλάχιστον στη συγκατάθεση.</p>



<p>Αυτό μπορούμε να το δούμε πιο καθαρά με τις χώρες του συνασπισμού BRICS, ένα σχήμα που προδιαγράφει καλύτερα ένα πιθανό νέο παγκόσμιο σύστημα. Οι BRICS, μαζί με την <a href="https://www.ndb.int/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Νέα Αναπτυξιακή Τράπεζα</a> και άλλους συνδεδεμένους θεσμούς, αποτελούν έναν αντίβαρο στο G7 και το ΔΝΤ. Πρόκειται για τις υπερδυνάμεις του λεγόμενου αναπτυσσόμενου κόσμου: Βραζιλία, Ρωσία, Ινδία και Κίνα όταν ξεκίνησε το 2009, με τη Νότια Αφρική να προστίθεται έναν χρόνο αργότερα. Στην αρχή αυτού του έτους εντάχθηκαν η Αίγυπτος, η Αιθιοπία, το Ιράν και τα Ηνωμένα Αραβικά Εμιράτα.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="638" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/BRICS-3.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23723" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/BRICS-3.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/BRICS-3-300x187.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/BRICS-3-768x479.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/BRICS-3-60x37.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Σαφώς, οι BRICS επιτυγχάνουν σημαντική ανάπτυξη με τις αρχικές πέντε χώρες να αποτελούν το 45% του παγκόσμιου πληθυσμού και το 33% του παγκόσμιου ΑΕΠ (ή 27% αν δεν προσαρμοστεί σύμφωνα με την αγοραστική δύναμη). Αυτά σε σύγκριση με το ΝΑΤΟ (το οποίο είναι στρατιωτική συμμαχία και όχι οικονομική όπως οι BRICS), με 31 μέλη που αντιπροσωπεύουν το 55% των παγκόσμιων στρατιωτικών δαπανών, το 12% του παγκόσμιου πληθυσμού και <a href="https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/PPPSH@WEO/EU/CHN/USA" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">πάνω από το ένα τρίτο του παγκόσμιου ΑΕΠ</a>.</p>



<p>Εντωμεταξύ, η Νέα Αναπτυξιακή Τράπεζα με έδρα τη Σαγκάη, έχει συνολικά κεφάλαια 100 δισεκατομμυρίων δολαρίων, με 34 δισεκατομμύρια δολάρια σε εγκεκριμένα δάνεια ετησίως. Αυτό είναι πολύ λιγότερο από τα 932 δισεκατομμύρια δολάρια που αποτελούν τους συνολικούς πόρους του ΔΝΤ, αλλά δεν είναι και αμελητέο ποσό.</p>



<p>Τόσο ο ΟΗΕ όσο και το ΔΝΤ ιδρύθηκαν στις ΗΠΑ (με την πρώτη Γενική Συνέλευση του ΟΗΕ να συγκαλείται στο Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο, τον στενότερο σύμμαχο των ΗΠΑ). Ο κύριος αντίπαλος των ΗΠΑ, η ΕΣΣΔ, συμπεριλήφθηκε στον ΟΗΕ μιας και ο σκοπός του ήταν να αποτελεί ένα παγκόσμιο οργανισμό που να περιλαμβάνει όλα τα σύγχρονα κράτη, αλλά οι ΗΠΑ χρησιμοποίησαν τον ΟΗΕ συστηματικά για να περιορίσουν τους αντιπάλους τους, ή τον αποδυνάμωσαν όταν δεν μπορούσαν να επιβληθούν. Και αρχικά η ΕΣΣΔ δεν συμπεριλήφθηκε στο ΔΝΤ και σε παρόμοιους χρηματοπιστωτικούς θεσμούς, αν και με την πάροδο του χρόνου προσκλήθηκε και ενσωματώθηκε. Με άλλα λόγια, το σύστημα των ΗΠΑ υποστήριζε ότι είναι παγκόσμιο αλλά το έκανε με τρόπους που ωφελούσαν διακριτικά τις ΗΠΑ και τους συμμάχους τους.</p>



<p>Οι BRICS, από την άλλη πλευρά, ακολουθούν μια διαφορετική στρατηγική. Η συμμαχία δίνει στον εαυτό της τη δυνατότητα να είναι αντιηγεμονική, χωρίς να προσποιείται ότι είναι παγκόσμια. Είναι πολύ ξεκάθαρα ένα αντίβαρο στους κυρίαρχους οικονομικούς θεσμούς και συμμαχίες (το G7 και το ΔΝΤ). Και όμως, προσφέρεται για πιο ουσιαστική συνεργασία. Ειδικά κατά την ίδρυσή της το 2009, η Κίνα αποτελούσε την οικονομική δύναμη της συμμαχίας. Η Κίνα έχει συνεχιζόμενες πολιτικές και οικονομικές αντιπαλότητες καθώς και συνοριακές διαφορές, τόσο με τη Ρωσία όσο και με την Ινδία. Και όμως, και οι δύο αυτές χώρες προσκλήθηκαν να αποτελέσουν την αρχική βάση και η ιδρυτική σύνοδος κορυφής πραγματοποιήθηκε όχι στην Κίνα αλλά στη Ρωσία (αν και όχι χωρίς σημασία, στο Γεκατερίνμπουργκ, που βρίσκεται στην Ασία).</p>



<p>Δεν υπάρχει τίποτα επαναστατικό στο σύστημα που σχεδιάζει η Κίνα. Είναι απολύτως μια συνέχεια του παγκόσμιου συστήματος του καπιταλισμού, που κυβερνά τον κόσμο με όλο και πιο σφιχτό έλεγχο από τον 16ο αιώνα. Ωστόσο, επιδεικνύει ορισμένες διαφορετικές οργανωτικές αρχές.</p>



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<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1600x1200-MythsaboutWallStreet-c10a9cee9fc2496fb9da5b8150334f94-1024x768.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23724" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1600x1200-MythsaboutWallStreet-c10a9cee9fc2496fb9da5b8150334f94-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1600x1200-MythsaboutWallStreet-c10a9cee9fc2496fb9da5b8150334f94-300x225.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1600x1200-MythsaboutWallStreet-c10a9cee9fc2496fb9da5b8150334f94-768x576.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1600x1200-MythsaboutWallStreet-c10a9cee9fc2496fb9da5b8150334f94-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1600x1200-MythsaboutWallStreet-c10a9cee9fc2496fb9da5b8150334f94-60x45.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/1600x1200-MythsaboutWallStreet-c10a9cee9fc2496fb9da5b8150334f94.jpg 1600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p> Στο σύστημα υπό την ηγεσία των ΗΠΑ, μπορούμε να εντοπίσουμε τις εξής αρχές.</p>



<p><strong><em>Αποαποικιοποίηση των Εθνών</em></strong>: οι ΗΠΑ διαφοροποιήθηκαν από τη Μεγάλη Βρετανία, την μεγαλύτερη αποικιοκράτική δύναμη στην παγκόσμια ιστορία, υποστηρίζοντας την &#8220;αποαποικιοποίηση&#8221;&#8230; μέσα σε ένα συγκεκριμένο πλαίσιο. Κάθε έθνος-κράτος θα πρέπει να έχει μια κυβέρνηση κατά τα δυτικά πρότυπα, αλλά οι αποικισμένοι πληθυσμοί δεν επιτρέπεται να αυτοκαθοριστούν. Τα σύνορα συνήθως σχεδιάστηκαν από τους πρώην αποικιοκράτες και η ανεξαρτησία θα δινόταν μόνο όταν οι πρώην αποικιοκράτες και οι ΗΠΑ αποφάσιζαν ότι μια νέα (τοπική) άρχουσα τάξη ήταν έτοιμη να αναλάβει την εξουσία. Έτσι, οι περισσότερες καταπιεστικές δυναμικές εξουσίας της αποικιακής εποχής επιβίωσαν μετέπειτα στην εποχή της αποαποικιοποίησης.</p>



<p><strong><em>Νεοφιλελευθερισμός</em></strong>: η Διεθνής Νομισματική Τράπεζα και ο Παγκόσμιος Οργανισμός Εμπορίου ώθησαν τις παγκόσμιες οικονομίες μακριά από τον προστατευτισμό και προς την απελευθέρωση της νομισματικής πολιτικής έτσι ώστε, θεωρητικά, οι καπιταλιστές οπουδήποτε στον κόσμο να μπορούν να επενδύσουν οπουδήποτε το επιθυμούν. Η έννοια της «ελεύθερης αγοράς» ήταν καθαρή μυθολογία, καθώς οι μεγάλες επενδύσεις σε φτωχότερες χώρες τείνουν να έχουν μονοπωλιακά χαρακτηριστικά και οι ισχυρές χώρες μπορούσαν να καταστρέψουν τα νομίσματα των λιγότερο ισχυρών χωρών. Επιπλέον, οι επενδύσεις σε πρώην αποικισμένες χώρες τείνουν να επιτυγχάνουν κέρδη με καθαρά κερδοσκοπικό, χρηματοοικονομικό τρόπο ή/και ενισχύοντας οικονομίες εξαγωγών/εξορύξεων/φυτειών.</p>



<p><strong><em>Δημοκρατία και Ανθρώπινα Δικαιώματα</em></strong>: οι ΗΠΑ προώθησαν την καθολική δημοκρατία με εγγυήσεις για τα ανθρώπινα δικαιώματα. Ωστόσο, από όλες τις οργανωτικές αρχές αυτές αποδείχθηκαν οι πιο ατελείς. Οι επενδυτές συχνά διαπίστωναν ότι ήταν πιο βολικό να συνεργάζονται με δικτατορίες, ειδικά όταν ο στόχος τους ήταν το γρήγορο κέρδος ή η κατασκευή εξαιρετικά καταστροφικών μεγάλων έργων. Και οι ΗΠΑ, η Βρετανία, η Γαλλία, η Ολλανδία και η Βελγική πολιτική ελίτ ήταν πολύ ζηλότυπες με την εξουσία τους για να επιτρέψουν ελεύθερες εκλογές, όταν αυτό σήμαινε ότι μια τοπική κυβέρνηση θα κέρδιζε σε δύναμη και θα την έκανε την χώρα λιγότερο υπάκουη, ή όταν η νέα κυβέρνηση δεν ευνοούσε τους ενδεδειγμένους επενδυτές. Ως εκ τούτου, αυτά τα κράτη του ΝΑΤΟ ιδίως, εμπλέκονταν σε πραξικοπήματα και υποστήριζαν δικτατορίες σε όλο τον κόσμο, στην «πίσω αυλή της Αμερικής» ή στις πρώην αποικίες σε όλη την Αφρική και την Ασία, αντίστοιχα. Όσο για τα ανθρώπινα δικαιώματα, αποδείχθηκε ότι ήταν μια έννοια σε μεγάλο βαθμό χωρίς περιεχόμενο στις ιεραρχικές κοινωνίες που παράγουν τεράστιες ανισότητες.</p>



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<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="862" height="575" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/china-ok.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23725" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/china-ok.jpg 862w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/china-ok-300x200.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/china-ok-768x512.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/china-ok-60x40.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/china-ok-720x480.jpg 720w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 862px) 100vw, 862px" /></figure>



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<p>Θα χρειαζόμασταν εδώ μια καλύτερη ανάλυση, αλλά πιστεύω ότι οι οργανωτικές αρχές που προωθεί η Κίνα μπορούν να συνοψιστούν ως εξής:</p>



<p><strong><em>Κρατική Κυριαρχία</em></strong>: αν και η Κίνα ασκεί σε μεγάλο βαθμό πολιτικές εθνοκάθαρσης και θα πρέπει να χαρακτηριστεί ως κράτος εποικισμού σε τουλάχιστον τα μισά από τα εδάφη που την απαρτίζουν, και ο ίδιος ο Σι θα μπορούσε να περιγραφεί ακριβέστερα ως ένας βαθιά εθνικιστής σοσιαλιστής, η Κίνα δεν δίνει έμφαση στο έθνος-κράτος ως οργανωτική αρχή σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. Πολύ πιο σημαντική αρχή αποτελεί η κρατική κυριαρχία: εντός των συνόρων του, το κάθε κράτος έχει τη νομιμοποίηση να κάνει ό,τι θέλει. Μπορεί να επιβάλει εθνική ομοιογένεια, μπορεί να καταργήσει τις ιδέες περί έθνους εντελώς. Το τι κάνει είναι δική του δουλειά και κανενός άλλου. Υποθετικά, διαφωνίες γύρω από τα υπάρχοντα σύνορα μεταξύ κυρίαρχων κρατών θα πρέπει να επιλύονται μέσω διμερούς διπλωματίας. Επίσης υποθετικά, καθώς θα αυξάνεται η στρατιωτική ισχύς, η Κινεζική άρχουσα τάξη θα υποστηρίζει πραξικοπήματα και αλλαγές καθεστώτος σε ασθενέστερες χώρες σε όλη την Ασία, την Ωκεανία, τη Λατινική Αμερική και την Αφρική, αλλά θα χρειάζεται να βρίσκει έναν αποτελεσματικό τρόπο διακυβέρνησης ή δικαιολόγησης αυτών των έκτακτων ενεργειών.</p>



<p><strong><em>Επενδύσεις σε υποδομές</em></strong>: η Κίνα θα συνεχίσει να υποστηρίζει το παγκόσμιο ελεύθερο εμπόριο, ισορροπώντας ως συνήθως μεταξύ της παροχής στρατηγικής υποστήριξης σε σημαντικές εγχώριες εταιρείες και της διασφάλισης της δυνατότητας για τις κυβερνήσεις να προσελκύουν επενδύσεις από οπουδήποτε στον κόσμο, το δικαίωμα των επενδυτών να επενδύουν οπουδήποτε στον κόσμο. Αλλά σε αντίθεση με την έμφαση στο καθαρό κέρδος, όπως στο αμερικανικό σύστημα, μπορεί να υπάρξει μια πραγματική στροφή προς την προώθηση της βιώσιμης οικονομικής ανάπτυξης, που επιτυγχάνεται αρχικά μέσω μεγάλων έργων «βελτίωσης» των υποδομών στις μετα-αποικιακές χώρες. Με άλλα λόγια, η Κίνα -και η Ινδία και η Βραζιλία- πιθανότατα θα επιδιώξουν να επιτύχουν μια επέκταση της πραγματικής παραγωγής, όχι μόνο της εγχώριας αλλά σε όλο τον κόσμο.</p>



<p><strong><em>Ποιότητα ζωής</em></strong>: Δεδομένου του τεχνοκρατικού υποβάθρου της, η Κινεζική άρχουσα τάξη είναι πιθανό να προκρίνει την έμφαση στην ποιότητα ζωής έναντι των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων. Η ποιότητα ζωής, σύμφωνα με τη θρησκεία του καπιταλισμού, είναι κάτι που μπορεί να μετρηθεί ποσοτικά, σε αντίθεση με τα ανθρώπινα δικαιώματα. Και η προώθηση αυτής της αντίληψης της ποιότητας ζωής συνάδει με την αυξημένη επένδυση στην ανάπτυξη των υποδομών, ενώ η έννοια των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων ενθαρρύνει παραβιάσεις της κυριαρχίας άλλων κρατών. Τα ανθρώπινα δικαιώματα είναι ένα υπόλειμμα του πατερναλισμού των αποικιοκρατικών, χριστιανικών χωρών που χρειάζονται να βεβαιωθούν ότι οι αποικιοκρατούμενοι λαοί έχουν μάθει να απαγγέλουν τα κατάλληλα δόγματα πριν μπορέσουν να τους εμπιστευθούν την ανεξαρτησία τους. Η ποιότητα ζωής, ωστόσο, μπορεί να αποτελέσει ένα κοινό σημείο μεταξύ διπλωματών που εργάζονται για μια πολιτική τάξη η οποία βασίζεται στην απόλυτη κρατική κυριαρχία και τεχνοκρατών- επενδυτών που επιδιώκουν την οικονομική ανάπτυξη μέσω επενδύσεων σε υποδομές. Η υπόσχεση για υψηλότερη ποιότητα ζωής μπορεί επίσης να αποτελέσει μια αποτελεσματική στρατηγική για τον κατευνασμό πιθανών απειλητικών λαϊκών κινημάτων.</p>



<p>Τόσο το παράδειγμα όσο και οι πόροι που προσφέρουν οι BRICS αποδεικνύονται ελκυστικά. Μόνο φέτος, το Ιράν ήταν μία από τις πολλές νέες χώρες που εντάχθηκαν στις BRICS, παρά τις προσπάθειες των ΗΠΑ να απομονώσουν την Τεχεράνη.</p>



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<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="819" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Global-Economic-order-1024x819.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23726" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Global-Economic-order-1024x819.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Global-Economic-order-300x240.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Global-Economic-order-768x615.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Global-Economic-order-60x48.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Global-Economic-order-480x384.jpg 480w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Global-Economic-order.jpg 1536w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



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<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Πώς θα έμοιαζε το σημείο καμπής, που θα προαναγγέλλει την αρχή ενός νέου παγκόσμιου συστήματος;</strong></p>



<p>Οι BRICS δεν θα ήταν απαραίτητα το όχημα για το νέο παγκόσμιο σύστημα, ειδικά επειδή η συμμαχία σχεδιάστηκε ως ένα οικονομικό και πολιτικό αντίβαρο μέσα στο τρέχον παγκόσμιο σύστημα. Αλλά, παρόμοια με τη σχέση μεταξύ της Κοινωνίας των Εθνών και των Ηνωμένων Εθνών, δίνει μια καλή ένδειξη για το πώς θα έμοιαζε το νέο σύστημα.</p>



<p>Θα μπορούσε εύκολα να ξεκινήσει ως συμμαχία ή κάποιου είδους συνθήκη, μετά από μια παγκόσμια ύφεση και την εξάπλωση ενός ή δύο περιφερειακών πολέμων. Η συνθήκη ή η συμμαχία θα μπορούσε να μίλαγε μια γλώσσα που να αναφέρεται στον σεβασμό των συνόρων και της εσωτερικής κυριαρχίας των κρατών και στη δέσμευση για διαμεσολάβηση αντί του πολέμου. Θα μπορούσε να παρουσιαστεί ως ένα win-win (αντί για το αρνητικό άθροισμα του ανοιχτού πολέμου) εάν ήταν η επέκταση μιας ήδη υπάρχουσας, επιτυχημένης συμμαχίας μεταξύ οικονομικών μεγάλων δυνάμεων. Αυτή η συμμαχία θα έστελνε ανοιχτή πρόσκληση σε όλες τις άλλες χώρες, απαιτώντας μια ανανέωση της δέσμευσης για ελεύθερο εμπόριο, ενώ θα ανακοίνωνε μεγάλες επενδύσεις ως κίνητρο. Αντί για τον επιθετικό δανεισμό του ΔΝΤ, αυτές οι επενδύσεις θα σχεδιάζονταν φαινομενικά για τον εκσυγχρονισμό των υποδομών σε όλο τον κόσμο και την αύξηση της ποιότητας ζωής.</p>



<p>Οι αρχικοί υπογράφοντες αυτής της συμμαχίας θα πρέπει πιθανώς να περιλαμβάνουν την Κίνα, την Ινδία, τη Βραζιλία, τη Νότια Αφρική, την Ινδονησία, την Αίγυπτο, ίσως την Αργεντινή και τη Σαουδική Αραβία, και— κρίσιμα— την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, ή τουλάχιστον τη Γερμανία και τη Γαλλία. Όπως σημειώθηκε, η ΕΕ έχει ήδη αρχίσει να απομακρύνεται από τις ΗΠΑ και να διατηρεί ανοιχτές προοπτικές για χτίσιμο καλών σχέσεων με την Κίνα.</p>



<p>Μια σημαντική αλλαγή που θα μπορούσε να γείρει την πλάστιγγα, θα ήταν μια πιθανή χρεωκοπία των ΗΠΑ σε μια μελλοντική ύφεση, ή το να εξακολουθήσουν οι ΗΠΑ τη αχαλίνωτη στρατιωτική επιθετικότητα σε όλο τον κόσμο, χωρίς μια αντίστοιχη δέσμευση προς τους ιστορικούς συμμάχους τους.</p>



<p>Η νέα συμμαχία θα ξεκινούσε αυτοβούλως μεταξύ μιας ομάδας χωρών, αλλά θα επεκτεινόταν παγκοσμίως και θα ξεπερνούσε γρήγορα τον ΟΗΕ και το ΔΝΤ σε νομιμοποίηση, λειτουργικότητα και πόρους.</p>



<p>Ποιες θα ήταν οι πρώτες εντάσεις που θα αντιμετώπιζε ένα τέτοιο παγκόσμιο σύστημα; Δεν τίθεται θέμα πως η Συμφωνία του Παρισιού ή ο ΟΗΕ έχουν οποιαδήποτε πραγματικά θετική επίδραση στην αντιμετώπιση της πλανητικής καταστροφής, αλλά η έμφαση των BRICS στη χρήση «κυρίαρχων πόρων» (ορυκτών καυσίμων) για τη χρηματοδότηση της ανάπτυξης και την πληρωμή μιας ενεργειακής μετάβασης αποκλείει άμεσα οποιεσδήποτε πραγματικές εναλλακτικές για τον πλανήτη. Αυτό σημαίνει ότι η επιταχυνόμενη και καταστροφική κλιματική αλλαγή θα είναι το σκηνικό του νέου παγκόσμιου συστήματος. Οι αλλαγές καιρού αποδεικνύονται πιο καταστροφικές για τις χώρες της εύκρατης ζώνης, αλλά αυτές είναι οι ίδιες χώρες που πρέπει να αναλάβουν το βάρος της εγκαινίασης ενός νέου παγκόσμιου συστήματος.</p>



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<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/global-financial-order-framework-1024x576.webp" alt="" class="wp-image-23730" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/global-financial-order-framework-1024x576.webp 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/global-financial-order-framework-300x169.webp 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/global-financial-order-framework-768x432.webp 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/global-financial-order-framework-1536x864.webp 1536w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/global-financial-order-framework-60x34.webp 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/global-financial-order-framework.webp 1600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



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<p>Οι Κινεζικές και Ινδικές επενδύσεις στην Αφρική πιθανότατα θα διατηρήσουν έναν απροκάλυπτα αποικιακό χαρακτήρα (περισσότερο, για παράδειγμα, από τις Βραζιλιάνικες επενδύσεις στη Λατινική Αμερική), εμποδίζοντας το νέο σύστημα να επωφεληθεί από τις αλλαγές βιτρίνας (ΣτΜ: <em>change </em><em>in </em><em>branding </em>στο πρωτότυπο) ή να αυξήσει την νομιμοποίηση του.</p>



<p>Οι αγώνες εξουσίας μεταξύ των πιο ισχυρών μελών της συμμαχίας θα μπορούσαν να αποδειχθούν αποσταθεροποιητικοί, ειδικά καθώς η Ινδία (μια δεξιά δημοκρατία) ξεπερνά την Κίνα σε οικονομική ανάπτυξη. Όπως έδειξε το κίνημα αντίστασης στο Χονγκ Κονγκ, η Κίνα, ως απολυταρχία, έχει λιγότερες επιλογές για την ενσωμάτωση της εξέγερσης. Στην ενδεχόμενη αδυναμία να καταστείλει ένα υπονομευτικό κίνημα με χρήση αστυνομικής βίας, η ηγεσία του ΚΚΚ θα μπορούσε να διασπαστεί και το σύστημα θα διαλυόταν.</p>



<p>Επίσης, οι δικτατορικές μορφές διακυβέρνησης σπάνια επιβιώνουν από ισχυρούς ηγέτες. Βέβαια, ο Σι δεν είναι δικτάτορας με τον τρόπο που ήταν ο Χίτλερ και ο Φράνκο. Υπάρχει ένας πολύ ισχυρός κομματικός μηχανισμός πίσω του και έχει εδραιώσει την εξουσία του στο Κόμμα την τελευταία δεκαετία.</p>



<p>Η Ινδία δεν θα διαλυθεί μετά τον Μόντι, αλλά η Ρωσία θα μπορούσε εύκολα να διαλυθεί μετά τον Πούτιν. Με την Κίνα, είναι δύσκολο να πει κανείς, επειδή οι προηγούμενες διοικήσεις του ΚΚΚ δεν είχαν την πολιτική ευστροφία του Σι, την ικανότητά του να κάνει επιθετικούς υπολογισμούς που να επικεντρώνονται στο πώς το κινεζικό κράτος θα μπορούσε να αυξήσει την ισχύ του χωρίς να αποδεχθεί καμία από τις διαθέσιμες επιλογές (π.χ. ούτε Μαοϊσμός, ούτε νέα <a href="https://www.greelane.com/el/%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82-%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82/%CE%B8%CE%AD%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1/open-door-policy-definition-4767079/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Πολιτική Ανοικτών Θυρών</a>).</p>



<p>Με άλλα λόγια, ο Σι και οι σύμβουλοί του έχουν τη δυνατότητα να λειτουργούν επινοητικά, ένα χαρακτηριστικό απαραίτητο για το σχεδιασμό ενός νέου παγκόσμιου συστήματος. Αλλά μέρος του συστήματος διακυβέρνησης του Σι έχει απαιτήσει μηδενική ανοχή σε οποιαδήποτε ανυπακοή ή διαφωνία, κάτι που θα δυσκολέψει σημαντικά μια αποτελεσματική διαδοχή όταν ο Σι δεν θα είναι πια παρών. Το κρίσιμο ερώτημα είναι, αν υπάρχει ο χώρος για διάλογο μακριά από τη δημοσιότητα στα ανώτερα και μεσαία επίπεδα του ΚΚΚ, προβάλλοντας δημοσίως συναίνεση και ενότητα; Ή η μέθοδος διακυβέρνησης του Σι δημιουργεί μια κουλτούρα υποτακτικών γραφειοκρατών που δεν μπορούν να αμφισβητήσουν μια κακή ιδέα; Αν ισχύει το δεύτερο, η Κίνα ίσως μπορέσει να βοηθήσει στην εκκίνηση ενός νέου παγκόσμιου συστήματος όσο ο Σι είναι επικεφαλής, αλλά μπορεί να μην παραμείνει το κυρίαρχο μέλος της κεντρικής συμμαχίας του συστήματος.</p>



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<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="700" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/plain-black-flag-std.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23731" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/plain-black-flag-std.jpg 700w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/plain-black-flag-std-300x300.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/plain-black-flag-std-150x150.jpg 150w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/plain-black-flag-std-60x60.jpg 60w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/plain-black-flag-std-480x480.jpg 480w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Μιλώντας για επανάσταση</strong></p>



<p>Ειλικρινά, ο μόνος λόγος που αύξησα την πιθανότητα μιας επιτυχούς παγκόσμιας επανάστασης είναι επειδή τα παγκόσμια συστήματα εξουσίας αντιμετωπίζουν περισσότερες τριβές και γίνονται ανίκανα να προβάλουν τη σταθερότητα. Όχι επειδή γινόμαστε πιο δυνατοί.</p>



<p>Και ο κύριος λόγος που δεν γινόμαστε πιο δυνατοί από μόνοι μας, είναι επειδή έχουμε χάσει τη <em>μνήμη</em> και τη <em>φαντασία</em> μας.</p>



<p>Μέσα στην ένδεια βιωμάτων και την αλλοτρίωση που επιβάλλει ο καπιταλισμός, σπάνια γνωρίζουμε πώς να επιτύχουμε την οποιαδήποτε συνέχεια από τη μια γενιά στην άλλη, οπότε επαναλαμβάνουμε τα ίδια λάθη ξανά και ξανά. Και λειτουργώντας υπό την αποικιακή νοοτροπία του ορθολογισμού έχουμε ξεχάσει ότι ο πραγματικός κόσμος δεν μπορεί να υπάρξει χωρίς τους κόσμους της φαντασίας. Αφήνουμε τον καπιταλισμό να τα φαντάζεται όλα για εμάς κι έχει ατροφήσει η δική μας φαντασία, έτσι ώστε να μην μπορούμε πλέον να στραφούμε στην επανάσταση ως μια σημαντική, ουσιαστική έννοια- επειδή ελάχιστοι γνωρίζουν πλέον πώς να φανταστούν μια επανάσταση.</p>



<p>Μόλις ξεπεράσουμε τις πρώτες στιγμές της επανάστασης- όπου μπορούμε να στηριχτούμε αποκλειστικά στο πάθος, την αυθόρμητη νοημοσύνη και τις καινοτόμες τακτικές μας-, από εκεί και πέρα, δεν έχουμε φανταστεί ποια βήματα θα κάνουμε στη συνέχεια. Έτσι, δεν κάνουμε καθόλου βήματα. Είτε γινόμαστε παθητικοί, είτε εξαντλούμαστε, είτε προσπαθούμε να επαναλάβουμε τις ίδιες χορευτικές κινήσεις που μας έφεραν σε εκείνο το σημείο. Ή δοκιμάζουμε ένα αντίθετο σύνολο χορευτικών κινήσεων (που συνήθως μας οδηγεί σε πολύ χειρότερο σημείο).</p>



<p>Αυτό είναι κρίμα γιατί έχουμε τη μεγαλύτερη ευχέρεια να χτίσουμε μια επανάσταση σε μια στιγμή όπως αυτή, όταν ένα παγκόσμιο σύστημα καταρρέει, και πριν αναζωογονηθεί ή πριν το επόμενο σύστημα έχει την ευκαιρία να εκκινήσει πλήρως την αντικατάστασή του.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="480" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/poreia-anarxikoi.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23740" style="width:840px;height:auto" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/poreia-anarxikoi.jpg 700w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/poreia-anarxikoi-300x206.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/poreia-anarxikoi-60x41.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Για να μην σπαταλήσουμε τις ευκαιρίες μας, όμως, πρέπει να θυμηθούμε πολλά πράγματα:</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Η Δημοκρατία είναι ο εχθρός μας. Η υποστήριξη της Δημοκρατίας, μας μετατρέπει μόνο σε καινοτόμους σχεδιαστές για την αναζωογόνηση του αμερικανικού σχεδίου.</li>



<li>Η Δεξιά και η Αριστερά είναι τα δύο χέρια του Κράτους, εξίσου επικίνδυνα. Η πραγματική γραμμή σύγκρουσης βρίσκεται ανάμεσα στους πάνω και στους κάτω. Ωστόσο, η Δεξιά και η Αριστερά δεν είναι το ίδιο. Οι ακόλουθοι της Αριστεράς είναι κυρίως ειλικρινείς. Πρέπει να είμαστε παρόντες για να βοηθούμε με την συμμετοχή μας να διαδοθούν ουσιαστικές μορφές εξέγερσης, και πρέπει να μπορούμε κάθε φορά να καταδείξουμε στους Αριστερούς ψηφοφόρους την αληθινή φύση των ηγετών τους. Όσον αφορά τη Δεξιά, πρέπει πάντα να επιτιθέμεθα στα ψέματα και τις παρανοϊκές ιδέες της. Το κλειδί είναι να αφήνουμε την πόρτα ανοιχτή για τους ακόλουθους της Δεξιάς ώστε αυτοί να έχουν την ευκαιρία να προδώσουν την εξουσία, αλλά ποτέ να μην ενστερνιζόμαστε τις ανησυχίες τους. Πρέπει να χτίζουμε δύναμη βασισμένη στην εκτεταμένη αλληλεγγύη για να τους δείχνουμε τον δικό μας τρόπο, αλλά θα πρέπει και οι ίδιοι να μπορούν να κάνουν το κατάλληλο βήμα και να εγκαταλείψουν τις κοινωνικές ταυτότητες που βασίζονται στην καταπίεση.</li>



<li>Ο μαρξισμός πρόδωσε τα ισχυρότερα επαναστατικά κινήματα του 19ου και 20ού αιώνα. Δεν αξίζει άλλες ευκαιρίες. Οι πρωτοπορίες, τα εξουσιαστικά κόμματα και οι ρεφορμισμοί πρόδωσαν τα ισχυρότερα κοινωνικά κινήματα των τελευταίων 100 ετών. Δεν αξίζουν άλλες ευκαιρίες.</li>



<li>Η κατάργηση των φυλακών συνέβη ήδη στο παρελθόν, αλλά επειδή έμεινε ανολοκλήρωτη, άλλαξε μόνο τον τρόπο λειτουργίας των ιδρυμάτων της καταπίεσης χωρίς να τερματίσει την ίδια την καταπίεση. Η ουσιαστική κατάργηση πρέπει να εντοπίσει τη κοινή ρίζα της εκμετάλλευσης και της λευκής υπεροχής (πολλοί από τους σημερινούς υποστηρικτές της κατάργησης των σχέσεων σύγχρονης δουλείας και εκμετάλλευσης (<em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolitionism" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">abolitionists</a></em>) προετοιμάζουν ήδη το έδαφος για μια δεύτερη μεγάλη ήττα μας- μέσα στη δική τους &#8220;νίκη&#8221;).</li>



<li>Η αποαποικιοποίηση συνέβη ήδη. Αλλά επειδή ήταν πολιτική και όχι κοινωνική, η αποικία ουσιαστικά εξαπλώθηκε, εκπαιδεύοντας τους αποικιοποιημένους να ενεργούν όπως οι αποικιοκράτες τους. Για να καταστρέψουμε την αποικιοκρατία, πρέπει να καταστρέψουμε τις ρίζες, τις αρχές και τις μεθόδους της- την προσαρμογή, την υποταγή και την αφομοίωση.</li>



<li>Μια επανάσταση πρέπει να θεσμίσει την αλληλεγγύη μεταξύ όλων των ανθρώπων, αλλά οι άνθρωποι πρέπει να είναι ειλικρινείς για τις καταβολές και την καταγωγή τους. Οι άνθρωποι που φέρουν μέσα τους μια κουλτούρα μεσαίας τάξης πρέπει να την ξεμάθουν, να την αποκηρύξουν, καθώς αυτή εκδηλώνεται μέσω μιας πολιτικής μορφής προνομίων και ανέσεων: χτίζοντας άτυπη κοινωνική εξουσία, εξομαλύνοντας αντιθέσεις και αποφεύγοντας τη σύγκρουση. Αυτή τη στιγμή, υπάρχει μια σταυροφορία για να καταστραφούν οι πρακτικές της μετασχηματιστικής δικαιοσύνης &#8211; και οι δύσκολες εμπειρίες από τις οποίες προέρχονται αυτές οι πρακτικές &#8211; υπέρ εκείνων των ειδικών συμπεριφορών (ταυτόχρονα εύθραυστες και κακόβουλες) που ευδοκιμούν στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης.</li>



<li>Η επανάσταση είναι ζήτημα οργάνωσης, αλλά σχεδόν όλοι όσοι το θέτουν με αυτόν τον τρόπο περιορίζονται ήδη σε μια αντεπαναστατική ιδέα της οργάνωσης.</li>



<li>Υπάρχει ένας άλλος τρόπος οργάνωσης του εαυτού μας, σχεδιασμού της δράσης και στρατηγικών βημάτων. Και υπήρχε από πάντα.</li>
</ul>



<p>Προσπαθώ να αναπτύξω αυτά τα επιχειρήματα στα γραπτά μου και θα εστιάσω εκεί στα μελλοντικά μου έργα.</p>



<p><a href="https://petergelderloos.substack.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://petergelderloos.substack.com</a></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/202334Niger.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-23733" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/202334Niger.jpg 1024w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/202334Niger-300x225.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/202334Niger-768x576.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/202334Niger-60x45.jpg 60w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>Επίλογος</strong></p>



<p>Επιπλέον, κάτι στο οποίο δεν μπορώ να συνεισφέρω και πολύ: οι Μαύροι και οι Ιθαγενείς αναρχικοί χρειάζονται περισσότερο χώρο και υποστήριξη. Για να είναι πραγματικά επιτυχημένη, οποιαδήποτε επαναστατική προσέγγιση πρέπει να είναι πλουραλιστική, να είναι αντι-αποικιακή και να κατανοεί τις ρίζες της καταπίεσης. Η συγκεκριμένη ιστορική γενεαλογία του αναρχισμού που κατάγεται από την Ευρώπη δεν είναι επαρκής, ούτε για εμάς που είμαστε παγιδευμένοι μέσα στη λευκή υπεροχή και σίγουρα ούτε για όλους τους υπόλοιπους.</p>



<p>Για περισσότερα σχετικά με αυτές τις κατευθύνσεις, δείτε:</p>



<p><a href="https://kleebenally.com/book-release-no-spiritual-surrender-indigenous-anarchy-in-defense-of-the-sacrednew-book-release/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Klee Benally, &#8220;No Spiritual Surrender: Indigenous Anarchy in Defense of the Sacred&#8221;</a></p>



<p><a href="https://www.akpress.org/intimate-direct-democracy.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Modibo Kadalie, &#8220;Intimate Direct Democracy&#8221;</a></p>



<p><a href="https://www.akpress.org/as-black-as-resistance.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Zoe Samudzi και William C. Anderson, &#8220;As Black As Resistance&#8221;</a></p>



<p><a href="https://www.akpress.org/nationonnomap.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">William C. Anderson, &#8220;The Nation on No Map&#8221;</a></p>



<p>Τέλος, ένα άρθρο που δίνει τροφή για σκέψη και αλληλεγγύη τόσο προς τους Κούρδους όσο και προς τους Παλαιστινίους &#8211; δύο λαούς που αντιμετωπίζουν γενοκτονία &#8211; και μία πρόσκληση για διεθνισμό από τα κάτω και όχι για διεθνισμό που ευνοεί τον κρατικό παράγοντα:</p>



<p><a href="https://www.jadaliyya.com/Details/45428" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Ozlem Goner, &#8220;Internationalism beyond the Geopolitics of States and Solidarity in ‘Complex’ Situations</a>&#8220;</p>



<p></p>



<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>



<p><a href="#_ftnref1" id="_ftn1"><sup>[1]</sup></a> ΣτΜ: με την κατάργηση της δουλείας στις ΗΠΑ</p>



<p><a id="_ftn2" href="#_ftnref2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> ΣτΜ: <em>Σε διπλωματικό επίπεδο, η </em><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Συνθήκη της Βεστφαλίας </a><em>λειτούργησε ως εφαλτήριο μιας νέας δυναμικής στην πολιτική σκηνή της κεντρικής Ευρώπης, η μετέπειτα λεγόμενη Βεστφαλιανή κυριαρχία, δυναμική η οποία εστιάζει στη συνύπαρξη </em><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%BF_%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">κυρίαρχων κρατών</a><em>. Βάσει αυτού, οι όποιες εσωτερικές υποθέσεις ενός κράτους αφορούν το ίδιο το κράτος και συνεπώς οι παρεμβάσεις από τρίτους αποτελούν σφάλμα. Καθώς η ευρωπαϊκή πολιτική λογική εδραιώθηκε σε όλο τον κόσμο, τα Βεσταφαλιανά αυτά ιδεώδη, ειδικότερα δε η ιδέα του κυρίαρχου κράτους, αποτέλεσαν κεντρικό πυλώνα του διεθνούς δικαίου και της ανερχόμενης τάξης πραγμάτων. </em>Πηγή: Wikipedia</p>



<p></p>



<p class="has-medium-font-size"><strong>ΔΙΑΒΑΣΤΕ ΕΠΙΣΗΣ:</strong></p>



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-void-network wp-block-embed-void-network"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="rNeozxAFev"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2020/02/11/anarxiki-diagnosi-mellon-dimokratia-kapitalismos-peter-gelderloos/">Αναρχική Διάγνωση για το Μέλλον: Ανάμεσα στη κρίση της Δημοκρατίας και του Καπιταλισμού- Peter Gelderloos</a></blockquote><iframe loading="lazy" class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted"  title="&#8220;Αναρχική Διάγνωση για το Μέλλον: Ανάμεσα στη κρίση της Δημοκρατίας και του Καπιταλισμού- Peter Gelderloos&#8221; &#8212; Void Network" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/2020/02/11/anarxiki-diagnosi-mellon-dimokratia-kapitalismos-peter-gelderloos/embed/#?secret=bmO5ZrqCWV#?secret=rNeozxAFev" data-secret="rNeozxAFev" width="600" height="338" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>
</div></figure>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/07/11/anarxiki-epanastatiki-geopolitiki-2024-peter-gelderloos/">Αναρχική Επαναστατική Γεωπολιτική 2024- Peter Gelderloos</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Ethics, Risk, Apocalypse- Peter Gelderloos</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/06/12/ethics-risk-apocalypse-peter-gelderloos/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Jun 2024 09:23:43 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Global movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anarchism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anarchy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anarchy International Solidarity Global Civil War Movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[earth first]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global civil war]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Insurrection]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peter Gelderloos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Resistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social movements]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=23648</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The world is ending, not quickly like in a Hollywood movie, but slowly, each day bringing a new agony and a new attempt by the world to find balance. What does it mean to stay safe today and what we do about it?</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/06/12/ethics-risk-apocalypse-peter-gelderloos/">Ethics, Risk, Apocalypse- Peter Gelderloos</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p>As the world is ending, not quickly like in a Hollywood movie, but slowly, each day bringing a new agony and a new attempt by the world to find balance, it’s thrown into relief how all our commonsense ideas of risk and ethics fly out the window. What does it mean to stay safe in a world that is ending? What is our measuring stick for risk when the forecast for how much life the next world will sustain is pessimistic? And what does it mean to be ethical, or just decent, in a world that is being murdered by monsters who are far more selfish, and who cause exponentially more harm than the villains in the most gruesome horror film, and yet unlike those villains are completely normal, vindicated, and even celebrated within our society?</p>



<p>I think we can simplify these questions in a way that may provide some perspective.</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Which future would you rather face?</h4>



<p>Having to spend between one and ten years in prison</p>



<p>OR</p>



<p>not going to prison, but living in a world in which:</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>you and most people you know will, by the age of 50, <em>probably </em>get cancer, heart disease, diabetes, an auto-immune disorder, or a painful chronic illness that no one understands (with all the suffering and likelihood of death that accompany those conditions)</li>



<li>you, your immediate family, and your closest friends will have a roughly 10% &#8211; 50% chance of experiencing a high death toll extreme weather event or acute famine, and possibly dying in it</li>



<li>if you have family and loved ones from outside Europe/Australia and North America, they will probably face a 50-99% chance of having to face lethal weather events and famines <em>multiple times</em>, killing many of them</li>



<li>any natural area that you have ever loved will be forever altered by mass extinction, mining, drought, or other causes</li>



<li>you would have to sit by and watch as the political institutions, financial institutions, and corporations most responsible for all this suffering gain ever more power over your life and your surroundings, never being abolished, never being held accountable in any meaningful way.</li>
</ul>



<p>Now let’s assume that the bad things described above—relating to death, disease, extreme weather, mass extinctions—are going to happen no matter what. In fact, yes: let’s assume that. We’re not speaking hypothetically right now. This is a realistic assumption. All the scientific models that have been validated and refined over the last decades predict that we are on a collision course for that level of suffering and death, or worse. In the parts of the world that are on <em>the cutting edge of the apocalypse</em>, those conditions <strong>already pertain</strong>.</p>



<p></p>



<p>So now let’s come back to our hypothetical scenario. First, the scenario’s realistic foundation:</p>



<p><em>Every year for the foreseeable future brings with it the grim certainty of skyrocketing death rates, disease, famine, mass extinction, loss of habitat, and the disappearance of entire ecosystems.</em></p>



<p>Now, the choice. Would you rather:</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>face all this harm and suffering, within the approximate probabilities named in the first bulleted section, but also</li>



<li>take illegal actions against the structures and institutions responsible for all this suffering, and by doing so assume a <em>less than</em> 50% risk of one to ten years in prison</li>



<li>know that with all the other people also taking forceful action, ecocide and genocide become less profitable, and those in power lose some or all their power, whereas the rest of us, as well as the generations to come, gain a partial or complete ability to organize our communities and tend to our ecosystems in a way that prioritizes healing</li>
</ul>



<p>OR</p>



<p>take no action other than symbolic protest, avoid the risk of prison, but also do nothing to diminish the power of the world eaters. With nothing to hold them back, the apocalypse becomes even more brutal, and the future you face includes:</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>hundreds of millions of humans dying every year from famine, lack of clean water, pollution, extreme weather events, and genocidal warfare resulting from these scarcities occurring within a competitive politico-economical framework</li>



<li>you and everyone you know facing a significant decrease in life expectancy, as the entire human population decreases between 10%-80%</li>



<li>the likelihood that you and the people you care about the most have to survive or are excruciatingly killed off by famine, cancer, diarrhea, tropical diseases, heart disease, untreated infection, wildfires, floods, or warfare</li>



<li>having to obey the increasingly dictatorial authority of the political and economic institutions that are directly responsible for all this suffering, or even worse dictatorships that arise as society falls apart but people just watch it all passively</li>
</ul>



<p>In the above scenarios, which offer simplified but accurate versions of the hidden choices we all face every day, what does the risk of prison have to do with the apocalypse and how extreme it gets?</p>



<p>Actually, everything. To understand why, there’s some official history that needs to be refuted.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><a href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4899fadf-2810-45f5-8989-e02e731c42ee_2560x1707.jpeg" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img decoding="async" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4899fadf-2810-45f5-8989-e02e731c42ee_2560x1707.jpeg" alt=""/></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Oops, we did it again…</em></figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p></p>



<p>When we learn the standard history of civilization, revolutions are never mentioned until the Age of Reason and the supposedly reasonable revolutions of slave owners, colonizers, military officers, and businessmen in France and North America. Prior to that, we may hear of quite a few earlier civilizations that mysteriously collapsed. Or, we may get spoon fed a tale of continuity from Mesopotamia through Egypt to Rome and the Holy Roman Empire and Spain and then modernity, with everything beyond the shadow of the State (or in the latter version, beyond the shadow of so-called Western states) completely ignored.</p>



<p>In the years I was doing the research for my book, <em><a href="https://www.akpress.org/worshipingpower.html">Worshiping Power: An Anarchist View of Early State Formation</a></em>, I could not find a <strong>single example </strong>of a statist society that collapsed, that just fell apart from some logistical inefficiency, spiraling warfare, or local ecocide perpetrated by the ruling class. I <em>did </em>come across multiple “mysterious” collapses that were quite clearly caused or at least helped along by lower class revolutions, and after these revolutions people’s quality of life usually improved. As for the other collapses that do remain mysterious, in every case I came across evidence—inconclusive but nonetheless strong—that popular uprisings combined with massive abandonment (back in the day when there was a frontier beyond which State power did not reach) helped tip the balance of power. Yet the vast majority of academic sources I plowed through—historians, archaeologists, paleoecologists, and anthropologists from fifty different decades, twenty different countries, and a dozen different schools of thought—refused to even mention the concept of revolution or to portray the lower classes as a group capable of agency or even thought.</p>



<p>So: revolution. It’s been with us as a possibility as long as the State has. Accordingly, in our present scenario, I am talking about us rising up against the power structures responsible for ecocide and genocide, and taking effective action against the institutions and infrastructures that cause us the most harm.</p>



<p>The question of the law, obviously, is a joke. The law is a weapon in the hands of the ruling class. They only follow it or deploy it when it suits their interests. And if we take effective action against them, they will try to punish us regardless of whether our actions are technically illegal.</p>



<p>So I’m not strictly talking about taking illegal action: I’m talking about saving ourselves from immense harm, which most people would consider an ethically valid basis for action.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><a href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8fa9526-aa34-4515-bb51-308485ba6595_2048x1152.jpeg" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img decoding="async" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff8fa9526-aa34-4515-bb51-308485ba6595_2048x1152.jpeg" alt=""/></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Water protectors putting life before the law</em></figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>For now, let’s leave aside the ethical question of, how many people complicit in mass murder is it okay to kill, provided they are still engaged in mass murder and we’re not punishing them for harms that are no longer ongoing. (I might pick that question up in a future newsletter.)</p>



<p>At the moment let’s just imagine the destruction of things that have no feelings and no existence outside of their status as tools for extraction, domination, and despoliation: pipelines, mines, highways, airports, prisons, mansions, drilling installations, facilities related to the police and military, cash crop and monocrop operations, golf courses, grass lawns, cell phone towers, useless-shit factories, chemical and automobile and weapons manufacturers… the list goes on and on.</p>



<p>We know from past experiences that sabotage campaigns are exponentially more likely than protest to lead to the cancellation of new oppressive infrastructures being built. Sabotage campaigns <em>together </em>with protests are even more effective, especially if those protests focus on blockades and the total rejection of those in power rather than the overtures to dialogue. Regardless, protests, blockades, and sabotage all put us at risk of arrest and imprisonment.</p>



<p>About that risk though. I tossed out the figure of a 50% chance of going to prison. That was intentional, because I think if we are going to take big risks for a revolution, it is much healthier and more sustainable if we face up to those risks and assume the worst will come to pass. If we can imagine ourselves dealing with the consequences and surviving, prison and the police will already have lost most of their power over us. But realistically, the actual risk is closer to, and probably below, 1%, if we follow some basic security practices. <em>Significantly</em>, the actions that may feel the safest if we are inculcated in all the delusions of a liberal democracy, are actually the riskiest.</p>



<p>This has certainly been true for me. In my life, I have been arrested four times. Those four arrests earned me (in order)</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>six months locked up in county jails, maximum security prison, and minimum security prison, where I faced various forms of violence from guards and snitches;</li>



<li>a weekend in a temporary detention facility in conditions that technically qualified as toxic;</li>



<li>a week in jail, a deportation process lasting two years in which I had to remain in the country and check in at court every two weeks but was not legally allowed to work, and the whole time I was under the threat of a permanent ban, which would mean never being allowed to return and see loved ones;</li>



<li>and a quick night in jail, respectively.</li>
</ul>



<p>The first three arrests—the ones with the worst consequences—were for some of the most peaceful actions I have ever participated in. The first was civil disobedience, the second was a legal protest (in fact it was the mass arrest that was illegal, and if I’d had the patience to follow up with some noncommunicative lawyers I would have gotten a huge payout a few years later, in part for the illegal arrest and in part for the toxic site where the holding pens had been set up). And the third was also a legal protest, though it took two years on provisional release and a court case to prove it (there was, um… some disagreement about what constituted “public disorder” and what constituted an “explosive” in the eyes of the law, and it took a good lawyer and favorable witnesses to win that dispute).</p>



<p>The fourth one actually was an illegal protest in which a number of neo-Nazis and cops got assaulted and even injured, and some property got smashed. My friend and I weren’t assuming any additional risks aside from going with the flow, but going with the flow is its own risk, and we didn’t hightail it out of there fast enough when the signs made it clear that <em>that was the move</em>. However, police couldn’t pin anything on any of the people who got cornered and mass arrested. It was too difficult for them to gather specific evidence, because of the chaos factor, because people weren’t <em>civil</em>, because of all the movement and pandemonium plus a modest amount of destruction. Of course, police don’t needevidence to lock people up in prison, but in a democracy they do need to calculate how much they can stray into the legal terrain of the <em>state of exception</em>. In this case, it would have been harder for the pigs to sell since there wasn’t enough disruption for the media to create a major political scandal or mobilize fragile bourgeois sensibilities enough to justify locking up anyone who had anything to do with the protest. So they let us all go.</p>



<p></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><a href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F97df12d0-e99b-4d49-93ba-1f359810f655_2048x1536.jpeg" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img decoding="async" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F97df12d0-e99b-4d49-93ba-1f359810f655_2048x1536.jpeg" alt=""/></a><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>It’s not a general strike if commerce is unimpeded. Yet impeding commerce is a violation of the law…</em></figcaption></figure>



<p></p>



<p>Now let’s talk about all the things that aren’t showing up here, all the risks that never resulted in arrests. Or, more appropriately, let’s talk <em>around </em>them. There is an unavoidable inequality between civil disobedience, on the one hand, and on the other the continuum of sabotage, collective self-defense, counterattack, and insurrectionary action. The State will go to far greater lengths to repress or eliminate those they suspect of carrying out forceful actions, and also those who vocalize their support for such actions and the revolutionary culture they belong to.</p>



<p>What’s more, the State proactively organizes society to preempt the capacities we need in order to struggle wisely, like the ability to tell stories and create collective memory. We are shaped as isolated individuals dependent on the dominant institutions for any sense of history. More often than not, they just spoon feed us entertainment to fill the hole where our sense of history should be. And as we know, repression skews sharply in favor of nonviolence: it is far riskier to tell the stories of sabotage, of insurrection, of combat. I won’t be sharing any such stories in this newsletter. Immediately, I can hear in my own head the cynical insinuation that I’m probably just some hypocrite who only writes about this stuff. Which is okay. We need to learn to deal with far worse forms of baiting and harassment.</p>



<p>The most important thing is on the one hand not to respond from a place of ego, not to worry about curating a reputation for being a daring revolutionary, and on the other hand to pay close attention to anyone who mocks or belittles others in a way that would encourage a culture of people having to show off or insinuate their illegalist credentials. And always remember the maxim: <em>you don’t have to be a cop to do a cop’s work.</em> (Don’t spread rumors about people you suspect of being infiltrators or snitches: the cops themselves benefit from rumorology and often spread false accusations against others; instead, share constructive criticism of harmful forms of communication and conflict/avoidance.)</p>



<p>Stepping back from our individual egos and sinking into our collective body, what any one of us can attest to is that there have been <em>tens of thousands</em> of banks and cop shops smashed or burned, pigs and fascists beaten up, government buildings attacked, pipelines and mines sabotaged, construction and clearcutting equipment destroyed, research facilities torched, labs liberated, secrets leaked, useful or valuable goods stolen, and frauds committed, and those who have done prison sentences can best be counted in the hundreds,<a href="https://petergelderloos.substack.com/p/ethics-risk-apocalypse?r=3rst6d&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;triedRedirect=true#footnote-1-145047895">1</a> with many of those being people who got framed but didn’t actually do anything.</p>



<p>In other words, we are often the safest when we play it dangerous, as long as we are careful, as long as we use precautions or make smart interventions during chaotic moments, as long as we discourage a culture of bravado, self-isolation, rumor-spreading, or snitching.</p>



<p>And to zoom out for a moment, no one on this planet is safe until we can nourish an ethos of collective self-defense against the institutions that are threatening and harming us, smashing their gears so they cannot function anymore. What use is it to speak of survival if we have no practice of fighting back against those who are killing us? There is room for all of us, but we need to figure out what we can contribute and what it is we still need to learn in order to be a vital part of the webs of solidarity and mutual aid.</p>



<p>Thanks for reading Surviving Leviathan with Peter Gelderloos! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p>



<p>A revolution is not comprised of tactics alone. If we let ourselves get turned around by impatience, desperation, avoidance of criticism, loss of historical memory, if we divorce our strategies from our goals, our visions, and our ethics, we quickly become our own worst enemies. Nonetheless, it doesn’t hurt to proliferate certain tactics, to imagine what a better place we would be in if people realized it’s well worth the risk to attack the infrastructures that are spewing out death, poisoning our futures and our present. What a better place we would be in if people responded to our learned helplessness, to this hegemonic hopelessness, with a thought, a certainty: <em>how many miles there are of unprotected power grids and pipelines! How many bulldozers, construction sites, and offices of evil institutions have no more protection at night than a camera that will log nothing more than a time and a masked figure, unidentifiable! How many of us there are, and how hard we are to surveil when we leave our snitches at home, when we don’t take our phones and other tracking devices out of the house with us!</em></p>



<p><em>How powerful, when we realize that we are powerful. How frightful, when we remember that we can be vengeful. How grounded, when we learn to integrate our need to fight and to heal. How inspiring, when we understand that all the walls and cages and cameras and militarized police forces of this whole prison society are there to protect the powerful… </em>from us.</p>



<p>Sooner or later, the odds will flip, and our probabilities for health and survival will begin a slow ascent, and the odds on the plutocrats and police will face a sudden plummet. That moment? Collectively, we decide when it arrives.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-image"><a href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F594c237b-24bb-4786-973b-287da0fe047d_1362x810.jpeg" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><img decoding="async" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F594c237b-24bb-4786-973b-287da0fe047d_1362x810.jpeg" alt=""/></a></figure>



<p>1</p>



<p>The approximation—tens of thousands of actions, hundreds of imprisoned—is based on, roughly, the last ten years in the half dozen countries I’m most familiar with.</p>



<p>_____</p>



<p>SOURCE: <a href="https://petergelderloos.substack.com/p/ethics-risk-apocalypse" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://petergelderloos.substack.com/p/ethics-risk-apocalypse</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2024/06/12/ethics-risk-apocalypse-peter-gelderloos/">Ethics, Risk, Apocalypse- Peter Gelderloos</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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