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	<title>Greece | Void Network</title>
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		<title>ΔΙΣΤΟΜΟ: Ενημέρωση για Κολωνό-Σεπόλια και κάλεσμα σε αντιφασιστική διαδήλωση στα Σεπόλια</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/11/13/antifa-sepolia-distomo/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[sissydou]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Nov 2017 00:27:24 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Local movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[antifa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[antifascism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Aναρχία]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Αντιφασισμός]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=15318</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Ο Κολωνός και τα Σεπόλια σαν γειτονιές αποτελούν τρανό παράδειγμα της εδαφικής εδραίωσης του παρακρατικού φασισμού. Με αφορμή την έναρξη Κυριακάτικου Σχολείου Ενισχυτικής Διδασκαλίας για παιδιά από την πακιστανική κοινότητα συγκροτήθηκε ένα αντιδραστικό-φασιστικό-παρακρατικό μπλοκ γονέων-κατοίκων-βουλευτών και ντόπιων υμνητών του Χίτλερ και των Ταγμάτων Ασφαλείας. Σήμερα Κυριακή, εμείς σαν Δίστομο επιλέξαμε την οργανωμένη παρουσία μας έξω από το 144ο Δημοτικό Σχολείο Σεπολίων με σκοπό να αποτρέψουμε οποιαδήποτε οργανωμένη εμφάνιση του συγκεκριμένου εσμού και να οικοδομήσουμε σχέσεις πολιτικής εμπιστοσύνης με τον ντόπιο αντιφασιστικό κόσμο της περιοχής. Μετά το τέλος της συγκέντρωσης, επιλέξαμε να κάνουμε μια αυτόνομη αντιφασιστική παρέμβαση. Κατά τη διάρκεια της</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/11/13/antifa-sepolia-distomo/">ΔΙΣΤΟΜΟ: Ενημέρωση για Κολωνό-Σεπόλια και κάλεσμα σε αντιφασιστική διαδήλωση στα Σεπόλια</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ο Κολωνός και τα Σεπόλια σαν γειτονιές αποτελούν τρανό παράδειγμα της εδαφικής εδραίωσης του παρακρατικού φασισμού. Με αφορμή την έναρξη Κυριακάτικου Σχολείου Ενισχυτικής Διδασκαλίας για παιδιά από την πακιστανική κοινότητα συγκροτήθηκε ένα αντιδραστικό-φασιστικό-παρακρατικό μπλοκ γονέων-κατοίκων-βουλευτών και ντόπιων υμνητών του Χίτλερ και των Ταγμάτων Ασφαλείας. Σήμερα Κυριακή, εμείς σαν Δίστομο επιλέξαμε την οργανωμένη παρουσία μας έξω από το 144ο Δημοτικό Σχολείο Σεπολίων με σκοπό να αποτρέψουμε οποιαδήποτε οργανωμένη εμφάνιση του συγκεκριμένου εσμού και να οικοδομήσουμε σχέσεις πολιτικής εμπιστοσύνης με τον ντόπιο αντιφασιστικό κόσμο της περιοχής.</p>
<p>Μετά το τέλος της συγκέντρωσης, επιλέξαμε να κάνουμε μια αυτόνομη αντιφασιστική παρέμβαση. Κατά τη διάρκεια της κίνησής μας, και ενώ αναγράφαμε συνθήματα, δεχθήκαμε λεκτική επίθεση από γνωστή ‘’αγανακτισμένη’’ κάτοικο. Τη στιγμή της λεκτικής αντιπαράθεσης, αντιλαμβανόμαστε να μας σημαδεύουν σε ευθεία βολή 2 φασίστες από το απέναντι μπαλκόνι κρατώντας όπλα- δεν γνωρίζουμε αν είναι αληθινά ή όχι. Μείναμε σταθεροί στη θέση μας και τους προκαλέσαμε να κατέβουν κάτω. Αυτοί δεν κατέβηκαν, συγκροτήσαμε το σώμα της παρέμβασης και αποχωρήσαμε συγκροτημένα.</p>
<p>Σαν Στέκι Δίστομο, θεωρούμε ως μια πρώτη κίνηση πολιτικής ανταπάντησης να καλέσουμε σε αντιφασιστική πορεία στις γειτονιές του Κολωνού και των Σεπολιών την Τρίτη 14 Νοεμβρη, ώρα 18.00 με σημείο συνάντησης το μετρό των Σεπολίων. Είναι πολιτικό μας καθήκον να απλώσουμε τον μαχητικό αντιφασισμό στο μητροπολιτικό πεδίο, στήνοντας ανάχωμα στους φασίστες και τους κρατικούς τους προστάτες.<br />
Υ.Γ. 1 Κοροντζή και λοιπά σκουλήκια, Άγιος Παντελεήμονας- Κολωνός 1 τσιγάρο δρόμος.</p>
<p><em><strong>Ενημερώσεις- Καλέσματα:</strong></em></p>
<p><em><strong>Α) Αντιφασιστική Πορεία στις γειτονιές των Σεπολιών και του Κολωνού, </strong><strong>Τρίτη 14 Νοέμβρη, ώρα 18.00, μετρό Σεπολίων</strong></em></p>
<p><em><strong>Β) Πολιτική ενημέρωση για το περιστατικό στον Κολωνό και τα χαρακτηριστικά της πορείας, Δευτέρα 13 Νοέμβρη, 20.00, Σολωμού 13, όροφος 1ος</strong></em></p>
<p><strong>ΔΕΝ ΞΕΧΝΑΜΕ ΔΕΝ ΣΥΓΧΩΡΟΥΜΕ&#8230;</strong></p>
<p><strong>ΕΛΑΤΕ ΜΕ ΠΙΣΤΟΛΙΑ,ΕΛΑΤΕ ΜΕ ΜΑΧΑΙΡΙΑ,</strong></p>
<p><strong>ΦΑΣΙΣΤΕΣ ΘΑ ΣΑΣ ΣΠΑΣΟΥΜΕ ΤΑ ΠΟΔΙΑ ΚΑΙ ΤΑ ΧΕΡΙΑ</strong></p>
<p><strong>Αντιφασιστικό-Αντιεξουσιαστικό Στέκι Δίστομο</strong></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/11/13/antifa-sepolia-distomo/">ΔΙΣΤΟΜΟ: Ενημέρωση για Κολωνό-Σεπόλια και κάλεσμα σε αντιφασιστική διαδήλωση στα Σεπόλια</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Not a struggle for the refugees, but with the refugees: Anarchism at work in Greece.</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/06/26/not-struggle-refugees-refugees-anarchism-work-greece/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 26 Jun 2017 21:01:34 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Global movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Void Network News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anarchy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anarchy International Solidarity Global Civil War Movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[AnticapitalistMedia anticapitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Struggle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global suffering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Solidarity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[interview]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=14820</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Live from Athens, cultural activist Tasos Sagris from Void Network discusses with Chuck Mertz from the radio program THIS IS HELL (U.S.A.) the political and social work of anarchists in austerity-era Greece &#8211; to provide support and mutual aid to the victims of capitalism and war, to defend the people from fascist and state violence, and to build and occupy the framework for a new, horizontal society, against capital, and for each other. &#8220;We can imagine a horizontal and happy future for everybody &#8211; but we cannot impose this on society. The society has to come towards us, talk about it, prepare</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/06/26/not-struggle-refugees-refugees-anarchism-work-greece/">Not a struggle for the refugees, but with the refugees: Anarchism at work in Greece.</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="lead">Live from Athens, cultural activist <strong>Tasos Sagris</strong> from <strong>Void Network</strong> discusses with <strong>Chuck Mertz from the radio program THIS IS HELL (U.S.A.)</strong> the political and social work of anarchists in austerity-era Greece &#8211; to provide support and mutual aid to the victims of capitalism and war, to defend the people from fascist and state violence, and to build and occupy the framework for a new, horizontal society, against capital, and for each other.</p>
<h2 class="lead">&#8220;We can imagine a horizontal and happy future for everybody &#8211; but we cannot impose this on society. The society has to come towards us, talk about it, prepare the revolution and manifest the revolution, as a society, not as an anarchist political organization. The society will do the revolution, not the anarchists. The anarchists will be there to offer their power and bodies to this struggle, but society has to decide: do we want totalitarianism, or do we want anarchy? There is no other question at this time.&#8221;</h2>
<p><strong>Tasos Sagris and Void Network</strong> were featured in the New York Times article <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/05/23/anarchists-fill-services-void-left-faltering-greek-governance-article-new-york-times-niki-kitsantonis-%ce%b1%cf%86%ce%b9%ce%ad%cf%81%cf%89%ce%bc%ce%b1-%cf%84%cf%89%ce%bd-new-york-times/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Anarchists Fill Services Void Left by Faltering Greek Governance</a>.</p>
<p><a href="https://antidotezine.com/2017/06/20/helping-refugees-fighting-the-state/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Interview Transcript via Antidote Zine</a> / source: <a href="https://thisishell.com/interviews/957-tasos-sagris">THIS IS HELL Manufacturing Dissent Since 1996</a></p>
<p><iframe src="https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/328986410&amp;auto_play=false&amp;hide_related=false&amp;show_comments=true&amp;show_user=true&amp;show_reposts=false&amp;visual=true" width="100%" height="450" frameborder="no" scrolling="no"></iframe></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h1 class="entry-title">Helping Refugees Means Fighting the State. And Vice-Versa.</h1>
<blockquote>
<p lang="en-US" align="RIGHT"><b>Understand that this is not a struggle that we do <i>for </i>the refugees but <i>with</i> the refugees. The refugees can take care of themselves, and they can self-organize. If we help them and if the society around them is beneficial and helpful to them, then they can establish their own horizontal assemblies and create free spaces.</b></p>
</blockquote>
<p lang="en-US"><b>Chuck Mertz:</b> Anarchists are providing services in Greece now that the government is not, due to austerity. Let me repeat that: anarchists are doing what government cannot in Greece, and that is provide the necessary services to survive. So what is happening in Greece and why? And what is the <i>New York Times</i>getting so wrong about anarchism and Greece?</p>
<p lang="en-US">Here to tell us, Tasos Sagris is a member of <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/">Void Network</a>, a poet, a theater director, and for 28 years has been an anarchist cultural activist. Welcome to <i>This is Hell!</i>, Tasos.</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>Tasos Sagris:</b> Hello, hello.</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>CM: </b>How much is there an organized group right now within Greece of non-state actors not only providing the services one would expect from the government, but also the social guidance usually provided by the government? How much are the non-state anarchists defining what Greece is today?</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>TS:</b> We could say that this is part of a struggle that has been going for decades now in Greece from anarchists. Of course, me personally, I cannot speak as a representative of the anarchist movement, because the anarchist movement is very pluralistic. It includes many, many initiatives and many groups. I can speak only from my own perspective.</p>
<p lang="en-US">Greek society faces austerity measures; the poverty of the people and unemployment is becoming worse and worse. At the same time we have had a great influx of refugees from different places, they were in war and now are in other countries. Of course the natural instinct among anarchists on this phenomenon is to help these people, and to work with them for a better life. We can’t say that we replace the state. The fight against the state continues and intensifies, also through the paradigm of our help and solidarity towards the refugees.</p>
<p lang="en-US">Anarchists defend areas, neighborhoods, and social centers, the occupied buildings of the movement. Anarchists also created refugee squats, occupied the buildings where refugees can have their own assemblies and practice their self-organization with the help and solidarity of anarchists and autonomous people, also far-left people. All these people can fight together for a better future.</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>CM: </b>One of the amazing things I learned through doing research about Void Network and about anarchism in Greece is that this apparatus for helping out the poor and the people who had been affected by austerity had been put into place, and then when the refugee crisis came about, that same system was ready to help out the refugees who were in a very scary position.</p>
<p lang="en-US">How much are refugees right now dependent upon the anarchists to provide them with the services that they so desperately need?</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>TS:</b> The state calls it the refugee crisis; it is just an effort of people to escape from the war and try to come into Europe. Anarchists established camps on Lesvos island and on the other islands where the refugees were coming. Anarchists established welcome centers on the islands. Then anarchists created an open camp in the central park of Athens, where the refugees were passing through on their way to the north in Greece, to the border, on their way to Europe. There were anarchists in the welcome centers in the beginning; there were anarchists in Athens; there were anarchists in Thessaloniki, in the north of Greece; and there were anarchists at the borders. So we created a network of people who welcome and help the refugees to continue their way to Europe.</p>
<p lang="en-US">When the borders closed, of course we had to create spaces in the big cities to accommodate and shelter the people, to self-organize. Understand that this is not a project or a struggle that we do <i>for </i>the refugees but<i>with</i> the refugees. The refugees can take care of themselves, and they can self-organize. If we help them and if the society around them is beneficial and helpful to them, then they can establish their own horizontal assemblies and create free spaces. The only reason that the anarchists are around is to defend the neighborhood from the police and the Nazis, and from other possible problems that they cannot bear alone. It is a mutual help. It is the real practice of mutual aid.</p>
<p lang="en-US">When winter came, they opened the first big squat in Exarcheia, on Notara Street, very near the park. Then other refugees were coming more and more, so the anarchists opened more and more buildings around Exarcheia square. Now there are around ten to fifteen buildings. Some of them are for accommodation areas; there is a building for kids; there is a community health clinic in the square that the refugees are using also. There is also a specific squat for men who are without family or without children, who stay alone in order to avoid problems with the families. So this network of buildings, they help each other and they coordinate their defense and everyday life.</p>
<blockquote>
<p align="RIGHT"><b>In a society of inequality and exploitation, the organizing methods of anarchists look almost irrational. When you speak for horizontality, this doesn’t sound like “organizing.” The horizontal way of organizing among anarchists seems non-organized. But anarchist tools of organizing are becoming more and more popular all around the world.</b></p>
</blockquote>
<p lang="en-US"><b>CM: </b>But all the actions that the anarchists have been taking, and the social services that they have been providing within Greece, as you pointed out earlier, date back to 1990. So this is not only in response to the current government, nor is this only in response to austerity, which is something that has just been imposed recently upon Greece.</p>
<p lang="en-US">So does it matter who is in government, or the policies that they implement, when it comes to anarchism and its social movement in Greece?</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>TS: </b>As we have been saying for many years now: whoever is governing, we will be ungovernable. We continue a long struggle to try to communicate with society and to offer society the analysis that capitalism and the state destroy their lives. This is taking place with two different strategies. One strategy is attacks on the police and attacks on the state and capital: big demonstrations, public visibility, and of course riots and fights with the police. When there is political power that can confront and defend places, neighborhoods and social centers, then you can build social services from an anarchist perspective. As long as you do not have consistency of struggle and consistency of fighting the police in the city, then you cannot defend the public spaces, you cannot defend the squats.</p>
<p lang="en-US">It is crucial to understand that the effort that the comrades make and the risks that the comrades take to fight with the police in the city, in the streets, gives the anarchist movement the power to defend social centers and to defend occupied buildings. In these occupied buildings, we create revolutionary relations. We create horizontal assemblies where we put the revolution into practice. It’s in the streets and against the police, and against the state and against capitalism, that we fight the world as it is now. But inside the occupied spaces, inside the social centers, in the neighborhood assemblies, in the assemblies of the social centers, we have the existential experience of the revolution, of the anarchist society as we dream it to be.</p>
<p lang="en-US">So it is not that we wait for the future, for the anarchist society to appear. We create the conditions of the existential experience of the anarchist society now, and the social centers are open to everybody, to share this existential experience with us. So this is an experiment of the revolutionary anarchist society here and now, and this creates more power for the struggles in the streets and the fight against the police.</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>CM:</b> When I saw the <i>New York Times</i> article back on May 27, headlined “Anarchists fill services void left by faltering Greek governance,” by Niki Kitsantonis, I was reminded of <a href="https://antidotezine.com/2015/06/22/greece-solidarity-mvt/">our conversation</a> a couple years ago with Christos Giovanopoulos, of Solidarity for All, another activist group in Greece that is trying to provide social services for those who need them. Mr. Kitsantonis starts his story on anarchists providing services in light of austerity with this line: “It may seem paradoxical, but Greece’s anarchists are organizing like never before.”</p>
<p lang="en-US">What does it say to you about the author’s understanding of anarchism when he sees anarchism and organizing as paradoxical? And how are anarchism and organizing not necessarily contradictory?</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>TS:</b> The thing is, in the eighties, the anarchists in Greece were seen by the public as more unorganized than they seem now. In every country, when the movement is young and new, and also small, it seems more antisocial because it seems much more against the common beliefs around anarchism. As the years go by, and more people come into the movement, and there are people who are older in the movement, and people from many different social backgrounds, from different workplaces, from different universities and schools, from different races or from different sides of life, the people also get a deeper analysis and more consistency.</p>
<p lang="en-US">In this way, you succeed in explaining directly to society more and more what the anarchists believe. Now in our times, after the struggle against austerity measures that included the participation of anarchists, and the analysis that anarchists offered to society through pamphlets, through postering—millions and millions of posters all around Greece, in each neighborhood—explaining the reasons for austerity measures, explaining to people why capitalism and the state destroys their lives…now society has an easier time understanding there is a lot of organizing behind all of these efforts.</p>
<blockquote>
<p lang="en-US" align="RIGHT"><b>Of course anarchists organize attacks against the state and capitalism. Anarchists use the methodologies of defense in the streets. Molotovs are the main tool of defense against the police, because it keeps the police away. When the police know that inside the big social demonstrations there are anarchists carrying molotovs, they cannot do whatever they want to the people.</b></p>
</blockquote>
<p lang="en-US">When the movement is small and young and it’s just the beginning, the movement isn’t able to overpower the ability of the media to describe you as they want to. So in a way, the <i>New York Times </i>tried to offer this ‘paradoxical’ comment as the way that they want to describe the anarchist movement <i>in America</i>. The anarchist movement in America, though, as a historical movement, offered a lot of inspiration to us over the decades, from the First of May in Chicago up to today—the American movement is very inspirational to Greece. Even, of course, the struggle of the Black Panthers. The social services programs of the Black Panthers is something very influential to the anarchist movement in Greece. There were many, many activists listening to this paradigm and taking inspiration from it.</p>
<p lang="en-US">The <i>New York Times</i> is just trying to play with the popular idea about anarchists, that they are disorganized. But we have to understand that the anarchists are very, very organized. Still, in a pyramidical society, in a society of inequality and exploitation, the organizing methods of anarchists look almost irrational. In a society based on inequality, in an economy based on inequality, when you speak for horizontality, this doesn’t sound like “organizing.” When you have chiefs and bosses and prime ministers and all these hierarchies in society, the horizontal way of organizing among anarchists seems non-organized. But anarchists have their own tools of organizing: horizontality and solidarity.</p>
<p lang="en-US">We think very, very seriously that these tools, these methodologies, are becoming more and more popular all around the world, and they are becoming more and more logical all around the world. Because people are still really terrified by what governments do to their lives. So for sure they come to the point that they have to self-organize, and the only way to self-organize is the anarchist way to self-organize, the horizontal way.</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>CM:</b> Here’s Kitsantonis writing in the <i>New York Times </i>again. He says, “Since the late 1970s and early 1980s, anarchists have joined leftist groups in occupying portions of Greek universities to promote their thinking and lifestyle. Many of those occupied spaces exist today, and some are used as bases by anarchists to fashion the crude firebombs hurled at police during street protests.”</p>
<p lang="en-US">How much are anarchists involved in firebomb-making? Because it seems to be something that the <i>New York Times</i> wants to make certain we know: that a big part of anarchist strategy in Greece is violence. How integral is violence to the anarchist cause within Greece?</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>TS:</b> Of course I have to explain that because of the history of struggles in Greece, we don’t have this debate about violence and nonviolence. Greek society in the last hundred years, we’ve had four or five revolutions, and four or five civil wars. Violence and nonviolence is of course debated; liberals try to impose the conversation in the mainstream media, but in the general society, the violence and nonviolence debate is not very crucial.</p>
<p lang="en-US">To explain more: of course anarchists organize attacks against the state and capitalism. Anarchists are using the methodologies of defense in the streets. Molotovs are the main tool of defense against the police, because it keeps the police away. When the police know that inside the big social demonstrations there are anarchists carrying molotovs, they cannot come closer and do whatever they want to the people. This means that the use of molotovs produces distance between the people and the police. It also offers to all the normal people the opportunity to escape, to run away when the police attacks the people. The police uses unbelievable amounts of very strong tear gas against demonstrations in Greece.</p>
<p lang="en-US">On the other hand, we have to understand that the mainstream media will try to use the violence on the side of anarchists as something that brings them outside the movement or brings them outside of the society. In the same moment, the society that has the experience of all these austerity measures, and also the experience of the lack of power to reply to all these measures, they see they benefited from the attacks of the anarchists against the police, because the police cannot do whatever they want in the city.</p>
<p lang="en-US">Of course, they can use massive militant power and kill us all. Or they can throw tons of teargas and produce asphyxiation in thousands of people, thousands of demonstrators. How much are they going to do this? How many are they going to kill? Somehow, the refusal of the anarchists and of Greek society to appear like pacifists puts the state in its place. It sends a message to the state that you cannot kill us all. We are here to fight.</p>
<blockquote>
<p lang="en-US" align="RIGHT"><b>Society has to come towards us, talk about it, prepare the revolution, and manifest the revolution as a society, not as an anarchist political organization. Society will do the revolution, not anarchists. Anarchists will be there to help and offer their power and offer their bodies for the struggle. But society has to decide: do we want totalitarianism or do we want anarchism?</b></p>
</blockquote>
<p lang="en-US"><b>CM:</b> You’re quoted in the <i>New York Times</i> article saying, “People trust us because we don’t use the people as customers or voters. Every failure of the system proves the idea of the anarchists to be true.”</p>
<p lang="en-US">What’s wrong with voting? Is anarchism anti-voting? And does that make them anti-democracy?</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>TS: </b>Democracy is a very big conversation. When I was traveling in the United States of America <a href="http://www.revolutionbythebook.akpress.org/void-network-bastard-talk/">on tour</a> for the<a href="http://libcom.org/library/we-are-image-future-greek-revolt-december-2008-g-schwarz-tasos-sagris-void-network"><i>We Are An Image from the Future</i></a> book, all the anarchists in America were telling me—and normal people from America, from many different parts of America—they were saying, “You Greeks, you gave us democracy, now you have to tell us what to do with it.”</p>
<p lang="en-US">The problem with democracy is that it creates inequality. It forms inequalities and continues to use them. Of course the terminology of democracy is that the people have the power in their hands, can take their lives into their hands. But we cannot speak about representative democracy in this way. Representative democracy today doesn’t even exist, you know. The parliaments are so entrapped by huge economic interests around the world, it is not the parliaments that govern. They become soldiers. Technocrats and people who cannot speak politically get votes and come to parliament to “represent the people.” The people don’t feel represented anymore. Representative democracy is dead. We have to face this problem.</p>
<p lang="en-US">When you realize that representative democracy is dead, there are two ways: fascism or anarchism. There is no other way. Society has to decide. Does it want more democracy, which means dictatorship? The other side of democracy is dictatorship, because democracy is there to defend the rights of economic interests. When people revolt, immediately democracy passes into dictatorship, passes into a state of emergency. This state of emergency, like we see now in Turkey for example, is a dictatorship.</p>
<p lang="en-US">People have to decide: do they want more dictatorship? Do they want totalitarianism? Do they want a technocratic capitalism as a monopoly on the mentality of the people? Or do they want to think about something more than this?</p>
<p lang="en-US">If they want to think about something more than dictatorship, something more than a technocratic totalitarianism, then we are here and waiting for them. Anarchists are open-hearted people creating horizontal assemblies with people to give them the chance to speak for themselves, to organize together, and to find solutions together. We don’t have a political way of manipulating people. We don’t want to manipulate people. That’s why we say we don’t want the people as voters, we don’t want the people as customers. We want people to participate, to share their experiences, to share their hearts, take care of one another, and to build communities that can fight capitalism and fight the state. This is the first step.</p>
<p lang="en-US">We have visions for the future. We can imagine a horizontal and happy future for everybody. But we cannot impose this on society. Society has to come towards us, talk about it, prepare the revolution, and manifest the revolution as a society, not as an anarchist political organization. Society will do the revolution, not anarchists. Anarchists will be there to help and offer their power and offer their bodies for the struggle. But society has to decide: do we want totalitarianism or do we want anarchism?</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>CM:</b> Tasos, thank you so much for being on <i>This is Hell!</i> this week.</p>
<p lang="en-US"><b>TS:</b> Thank you very much, and I hope all the people in the United States will understand what anarchism is, slowly, investigate what anarchism is, and take part in the struggle, because we need all of them. I hope that slowly the people will get more used to political analysis, because the problems are getting so big that the people will have to understand where they are very soon. Thank you very much.</p>
<p lang="en-US">_____________________________________________</p>
<p lang="en-US">more info about <strong>Void Network</strong>: <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">https://voidnetwork.gr</a> international site in English and Greek</p>
<p lang="en-US"><strong>Void Network</strong> facebook page (mainly in Greek): <a href="https://www.facebook.com/kenodiktuo/">https://www.facebook.com/kenodiktuo/</a></p>
<p><em><strong>This is Hell</strong> is a weekly longform political interview program broadcast across Chicago on WNUR since 1996.</em></p>
<p><em>Every Saturday morning, <strong>Chuck Mertz</strong> works off his news hangover by talking to the journalists, authors and activists working to make this world a slightly less hellish place. Expect in-depth conversations about the forces that drive politics, and gallows humor about a world with more questions than answers.</em></p>
<p><em>This is Hell! broadcasts every Saturday, 9AM-1PM US Central on <a title="WNUR 89.3" href="http://www.wnur.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WNUR 89.3FM Chicago</a> and podcast to the world shortly after.</em></p>
<p><em>A special, one-hour version of the show airs Sundays at 11AM Central on <a href="http://www.lumpenradio.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">WLPN: Lumpen Radio</a> and Sundays at 11AM Pacific on <a href="http://radiofreemoscow.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">KRFP: Radio Free Moscow</a>.</em></p>
<p><em>Want This Is Hell! on your local radio? Get in touch, it&#8217;s free. <a href="https://thisishell.com/">https://thisishell.com/</a></em></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/06/26/not-struggle-refugees-refugees-anarchism-work-greece/">Not a struggle for the refugees, but with the refugees: Anarchism at work in Greece.</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>ΝΑΤΟΣ ΝΑΤΟΣ Ο ΠΡΩΘΥΠΟΥΡΓΟΣ! &#8211; του Σωτήρη Λυκουργιώτη</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/06/21/natos-natos-o-prothipourgos/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Jun 2017 15:32:08 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Local movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Θέαμα]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Καθημερινή Ζωή]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Πολιτική Σκέψη]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=14799</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Αυτοί που μαζεύονται φέτος στο Σύνταγμα στην συγκέντρωση &#8220;#Παραιτηθείτε&#8221; σε σχέση με αυτούς που μαζεύονταν πριν από λίγα χρόνια, παρά τις σημαντικές πολιτικές διαφορές τους, μοιράζονται μια κοινή πεποίθηση: πως η εναλλαγή της κυβέρνησης θα σηματοδοτήσει μια ουσιώδη αλλαγή στη ζωής τους. Η αντίληψη αυτή βασίζεται στην άποψή πως η κυβέρνηση αποτελεί την κεντρική πηγή της εξουσίας. Παρότι είναι προφανές πως, εντός του υπάρχοντος πλαισίου, κάτι τέτοιο δεν συμβαίνει, μια καθαρά θεαματική δημοσιότητα αποδίδει στην κυβέρνηση το σύνολο της ευθύνης. Έτσι, η πραγματική εξουσία, συνεπικουρούμενη από το προδιαμορφωμένο αίσθημα της λαϊκής θέλησης, εναλλάσσει συνεχώς κυβερνητικές μαριονέτες, ως την πλήρη τελική</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/06/21/natos-natos-o-prothipourgos/">ΝΑΤΟΣ ΝΑΤΟΣ Ο ΠΡΩΘΥΠΟΥΡΓΟΣ! &#8211; του Σωτήρη Λυκουργιώτη</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Αυτοί που μαζεύονται φέτος στο Σύνταγμα στην συγκέντρωση &#8220;#Παραιτηθείτε&#8221; σε σχέση με αυτούς που μαζεύονταν πριν από λίγα χρόνια, παρά τις σημαντικές πολιτικές διαφορές τους, μοιράζονται μια κοινή πεποίθηση: πως η εναλλαγή της κυβέρνησης θα σηματοδοτήσει μια ουσιώδη αλλαγή στη ζωής τους. Η αντίληψη αυτή βασίζεται στην άποψή πως η κυβέρνηση αποτελεί την κεντρική πηγή της εξουσίας. Παρότι είναι προφανές πως, εντός του υπάρχοντος πλαισίου, κάτι τέτοιο δεν συμβαίνει, μια καθαρά θεαματική δημοσιότητα αποδίδει στην κυβέρνηση το σύνολο της ευθύνης.</p>
<p>Έτσι, η πραγματική εξουσία, συνεπικουρούμενη από το προδιαμορφωμένο αίσθημα της λαϊκής θέλησης, εναλλάσσει συνεχώς κυβερνητικές μαριονέτες, ως την πλήρη τελική απαξίωσή τους. Για να έρθει την κατάλληλη στιγμή με “καθαρά χέρια” ο εκπρόσωπος μιας &#8220;πανάγαθης κοινωνικής τάξης&#8221;, να διοικήσει ως πληρεξούσιος της αγοράς την κοινωνία και το κράτος. Έτσι, η σιωπηλή αποσιώπηση της προοδευτικής απογύμνωσης του θεσμικού από τη εξουσία του, μετατρέπεται σε σιωπηρή κοινωνική συναίνεση υπέρ του πολιτικού αυταρχισμού.</p>
<p>Το πάνδημο ερώτημα “γιατί δεν γεννιούνται πια μεγάλοι ηγέτες;” κρύβει ακριβώς αυτή την επιθυμία ταύτισης με τον αυταρχικό κοινωνικό πατέρα. Η μετεξέλιξη του σύγχρονου καπιταλιστικού ολοκληρωτισμού της κρίσης σε ένα πεδίο όπου η διάκριση θεσμικών μορφών και μεγάλων επιχειρήσεων έχει πλήρως αρθεί (την ίδια στιγμή που οι θεσμοί αντιπροσώπευσης δεν εκπροσωπούν καμία άλλη κοινωνική ομάδα πέραν της απολύτως κυρίαρχης) οδηγεί στην εντατικοποίηση της αυταρχικότητας του κράτους με κοινοβουλευτικό ή μη μανδύα.</p>
<p>Αν το δίλημμα παγκόσμια είναι σήμερα &#8220;πουτινισμός&#8221; ή &#8220;μπερλουσκονισμός&#8221;, (δηλαδή η κυριαρχία του πολιτικού/γραφειοκρατικού επί του οικονομικού, διαμέσου μιας αυταρχικής πολιτικής προσωπικότητας που αναλαμβάνει να διευθύνει άμεσα το σύνολο της παραγωγής, ή αν αντίστροφα, η οικονομική ελίτ διαμέσου ενός ή περισσοτέρων εκπροσώπων της καταλαμβάνει και το κράτος). στην γειτονιά μας η πλάστιγγα έχει από καιρό γείρει υπέρ του δεύτερου.</p>
<p>Όσο η κοινωνία συναινεί στην οπαδοποίησή της που της προσφέρει απλόχερα ο θεαματικός ποδοσφαιρικός πολιτισμός, όσο αδυνατεί να αξιολογήσει τις ουσιώδεις τομές που επιφέρει η διαχείριση της διαρκούς καπιταλιστική κρίσης, όσο κυριαρχείται από το φιλοδέσποτο αίσθημα της υποτέλειας (το μόνο πραγματικό πάθος της εποχής μας), τόσο οδηγεί και οδηγείται στην επιτάχυνση της προδιαγεγραμμένης έκβασης· εκεί που το πλήθος της αρένας, σαν έτοιμο από καιρό, θα φωνάξει “νατος, νατος, ο Πρωθυπουργός!”</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>Σωτήρης Λυκουργιώτης</strong>&#8211; <em>μέλος της συντακτικής ομάδας του περιοδικού για την θεωρητική επεξεργασία ενάντια στην κυρίαρχη αφήγηση <strong>&#8220;ΣΚΑΝΤΖΟΧΟΙΡΟΣ&#8221;</strong> (εκδόσεις Κουρσάλ)</em></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/06/21/natos-natos-o-prothipourgos/">ΝΑΤΟΣ ΝΑΤΟΣ Ο ΠΡΩΘΥΠΟΥΡΓΟΣ! &#8211; του Σωτήρη Λυκουργιώτη</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>ΚΑΤΩ ΤΑ ΧΕΡΙΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΕΜΠΡΟΣ!- SOS Κόψανε το νερό από το Εμπρός! Κάλεσμα Αλληλεγγύης / PUT YOUR HANDS DOWN FROM EMBROS ! SOS- State cut water supply from Occupied Theater Embros- Call out for Solidarity</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/03/17/sos-occupied-theater-embros-athens-without-water/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Mar 2017 14:25:51 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Events]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Local movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Void Network News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global Struggle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global suffering]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Solidarity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Αντι-Κουλτούρα]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Αντικαπιταλισμός]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Αστικές Εξεγέρσεις]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Αυτόνομοι Χώροι]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Εμπρός]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Θέατρο Εμπρός]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[κατάληψη]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Κοινά]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Κοινωνικοί Αγώνες]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=14299</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>ΚΑΤΩ ΤΑ ΧΕΡΙΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΕΜΠΡΟΣ! Αυτή η εικόνα με το σκαμμένο πεζοδρόμιο και την ασπροκόκκινη κορδέλα είναι μια συνηθισμένη εικόνα για το Εμπρός. Την είδαμε όταν μας έκοψαν το ρεύμα τη βλέπουμε ξανά από χθες που μας ξανα-έκοψαν για πολλοστή φορά το νερό! Είναι η εικόνα της κρατικής καταστολής. Η εικόνα της &#8220;ασφυξίας&#8221; που μας επιβάλλεται ξανά και ξανά από το κράτος και την, κατ&#8217; ευφημισμό αριστερή, κυβέρνηση. Την ίδια αυτή κυβέρνηση που επιτίθεται, αξημέρωτα, σε ανοιχτούς κοινωνικούς χώρους και καταλήψεις στέγης προσφύγων!&#8230; Πρώην αριστεροί &#8220;σύντροφοι&#8221; που απομύζησαν όλες αυτές τις αντιδομές για να σκαρφαλώσουν στην εξουσία παίρνουν τώρα</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/03/17/sos-occupied-theater-embros-athens-without-water/">ΚΑΤΩ ΤΑ ΧΕΡΙΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΕΜΠΡΟΣ!- SOS Κόψανε το νερό από το Εμπρός! Κάλεσμα Αλληλεγγύης / PUT YOUR HANDS DOWN FROM EMBROS ! SOS- State cut water supply from Occupied Theater Embros- Call out for Solidarity</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>ΚΑΤΩ ΤΑ ΧΕΡΙΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΕΜΠΡΟΣ!</strong></p>
<p>Αυτή η εικόνα με το σκαμμένο πεζοδρόμιο και την ασπροκόκκινη κορδέλα είναι μια συνηθισμένη εικόνα για το Εμπρός. Την είδαμε όταν μας έκοψαν το ρεύμα τη βλέπουμε ξανά από χθες που μας ξανα-έκοψαν για πολλοστή φορά το νερό!</p>
<p>Είναι η εικόνα της κρατικής καταστολής.<br />
Η εικόνα της &#8220;ασφυξίας&#8221; που μας επιβάλλεται ξανά και ξανά από το κράτος και την, κατ&#8217; ευφημισμό αριστερή, κυβέρνηση.<br />
Την ίδια αυτή κυβέρνηση που επιτίθεται, αξημέρωτα, σε ανοιχτούς κοινωνικούς χώρους και καταλήψεις στέγης προσφύγων!&#8230;</p>
<p>Πρώην αριστεροί &#8220;σύντροφοι&#8221; που απομύζησαν όλες αυτές τις αντιδομές για να σκαρφαλώσουν στην εξουσία παίρνουν τώρα πολιτικές αποφάσεις για την εξόντωσή τους, όπως ήταν αναμενόμενο, εξάλλου, αφού κάθε &#8220;άνοδος&#8221; στην εξουσία αποτελεί &#8220;κάθοδο&#8221; στην πολιτική ανηθικότητα.</p>
<p><strong>Το Εμπρός χωρίς νερό, λοιπόν!</strong><br />
Εν μέσω καθημερινών παραστάσεων, προβών, μαθημάτων, συναυλιών, εργαστηρίων κλπ, και με εκατοντάδες κόσμου να το επισκέπτονται εβδομαδιαίως.</p>
<p>Το εγχείρημα του Εμπρός, στα 6 χρόνια διαρκούς, καθημερινής ανοιχτής, δημόσιας λειτουργίας του και διοργάνωσης εκδηλώσεων πολιτιστικού, κοινωνικού και πολιτικού χαρακτήρα με ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΗ ΕΙΣΟΔΟ, αξιοποιεί με τον καλύτερο τρόπο τη Δημόσια Περιουσία και αποδεικνύει πως υπάρχει ένας άλλος τρόπος να ζούμε, να δημιουργούμε και να συνυπάρχουμε. Αυτός ακριβώς ο τρόπος είναι ο λόγος για τον οποίο διώκεται.</p>
<p>Όλοι εμείς, οι χιλιάδες κόσμου (από καλλιτεχνικές ομάδες, συλλογικότητες, κοινωνικές αντιδομές, κλπ) που συμμετέχουμε και πλαισιώνουμε τα τελευταία χρόνια τα δρώμενα στο Εμπρός, δεν θα το επιτρέψουμε αυτό.</p>
<p>Το Εμπρός είναι μια ανάσα στο κέντρο της πόλης. Δεν θα μας την κόψετε.</p>
<p><strong>Καλούμε όλες και όλους τους αλληλέγγυους στην ανοιχτή συνέλευση της Κυριακής 19/3, στις 8 μ.μ.</strong>, για να συζητήσουμε και ν&#8217; αποφασίσουμε, από κοινού, τους τρόπους δράσης και υπεράσπισης του Ελεύθερου Αυτοδιαχειριζόμενου Θεάτρου Εμπρός.</p>
<p><strong>ΚΑΤΩ ΤΑ ΧΕΡΙΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΙΣ ΚΑΤΑΛΗΨΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΟΥΣ ΑΥΤΟΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ ΧΩΡΟΥΣ!</strong></p>
<p><strong>ΚΑΤΩ ΤΑ ΧΕΡΙΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΕΜΠΡΟΣ!</strong></p>
<p>Ανοιχτή Συνέλευση Ελέυθερου Αυτοδιαχειριζόμενου Θεάτρου <strong>ΕΜΠΡΟΣ</strong>&#8211; Ρ.Παλαμήδη 2- Ψυρρή</p>
<p>περισσότερες πληροφορίες για παραστάσεις, εκδηλώσεις, εργαστήρια και άλλες δράσεις στο ΕΜΠΡΟΣ:</p>
<h2><a href="https://www.embros.gr/">https://www.embros.gr/</a></h2>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/03/17/sos-occupied-theater-embros-athens-without-water/">ΚΑΤΩ ΤΑ ΧΕΡΙΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΕΜΠΡΟΣ!- SOS Κόψανε το νερό από το Εμπρός! Κάλεσμα Αλληλεγγύης / PUT YOUR HANDS DOWN FROM EMBROS ! SOS- State cut water supply from Occupied Theater Embros- Call out for Solidarity</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>Η κουηρ λησμονια απέναντι στην μάτσο ενθύμιση – Για μια νέα αισθητική- του AMADEUS SACERPULLUS</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/03/16/%ce%b7-%ce%ba%ce%bf%cf%85%ce%b7%cf%81-%ce%bb%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%bc%ce%bf%ce%bd%ce%b9%ce%b1-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%b5%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b9-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%cf%83/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Mar 2017 15:23:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gender]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gender politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Queer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Queer/Trans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Αστικές Εξεγέρσεις]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ηθική]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[θεωρία]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Καθημερινή Ζωή]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=14260</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Μεγάλωσα στην επαρχιακή ελλάδα των 90s, έφηβος την περίοδο του πολέμου στο Ιράκ, του πρώτου τηλεοπτικού πολέμου. Μια μέρα στα 15 μου ειχα ξαπλώσει, έτοιμος να κοιμηθω με το MTV ανοιχτό, όταν διακόπηκε για πρώτη φορά το μουσικό πρόγραμμα για την ανακοίνωση του θανάτου του Kurt Cobain, μια στιγμή θρησκευτικής σημασίας για τους γύρω μου, ίσως και μια γενιά. Ζούσαμε με το MTV για οξυγόνο, σανίδα σωτηρίας μέσα στην ελληνική επαρχία. Κάθε παιδάκι των 90s που θα ρωτήσεις θα σου εξηγήσει την προσωπική του [αλλά που δεν απέχει και τόσο πολύ η μια απ’ την αλλη] αφήγηση για το πως</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/03/16/%ce%b7-%ce%ba%ce%bf%cf%85%ce%b7%cf%81-%ce%bb%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%bc%ce%bf%ce%bd%ce%b9%ce%b1-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%b5%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b9-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%cf%83/">Η κουηρ λησμονια απέναντι στην μάτσο ενθύμιση – Για μια νέα αισθητική- του AMADEUS SACERPULLUS</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Μεγάλωσα στην επαρχιακή ελλάδα των 90s, έφηβος την περίοδο του πολέμου στο Ιράκ, του πρώτου τηλεοπτικού πολέμου. Μια μέρα στα 15 μου ειχα ξαπλώσει, έτοιμος να κοιμηθω με το MTV ανοιχτό, όταν διακόπηκε για πρώτη φορά το μουσικό πρόγραμμα για την ανακοίνωση του θανάτου του Kurt Cobain, μια στιγμή θρησκευτικής σημασίας για τους γύρω μου, ίσως και μια γενιά. Ζούσαμε με το MTV για οξυγόνο, σανίδα σωτηρίας μέσα στην ελληνική επαρχία. Κάθε παιδάκι των 90s που θα ρωτήσεις θα σου εξηγήσει την προσωπική του [αλλά που δεν απέχει και τόσο πολύ η μια απ’ την αλλη] αφήγηση για το πως είχε στο μυαλό του ένα database στο οποίο διαχώριζε με αρκετά ξεκάθαρες γραμμές την «καλή» από την «κακή» μουσική. Αυτή η συνθήκη διαχωρισμού που σήμερα ακούγεται αδιανόητα αφελής αποτελούσε όχι μόνο συνηθισμένη αφήγηση των εφήβων, αλλά [ακόμα χειρότερα] και των μεγάλων ξαδερφων τους [μας] που γράφαν τις κασσέτες με συλλογές, οι οποίοι με τη σειρά τους τα διάβαζαν σε περιοδικά. Μια evil αλυσίδα επιρροής για τον διαχωρισμό του καλού από το κακό. Με βάση τις διαφορές μεταξύ μουσικών προτιμήσεων βλέπουμε στα 90s ενδεχομένως και την τελευταία φάση διαχωρισμών των νέων σε clans: δε γίνεται να ανήκεις και στο ένα και στο άλλο. Και ενώ κάποια από αυτά είναι ως ένα σημείο κατανοητά ως προεφηβικές στρατηγικές που πάντα συναντούνταν σε υποκουλτούρες [πχ αν είσαι πάνκης δεν ακούς μέταλ κι ας έχουν αισθητικές επαφές κλπ], η ιδέα της καλής και της κακής μουσικής είναι ένας τελείως χωρίς ιδιαίτερο νόημα διαχωρισμός της δεκαετίας, μια προσπάθεια του 90s ελληνικού μουσικό/τεχνό/σινεφιλου κοινού να κοιτάξει πίσω στις προηγούμενες δεκαετίες και σε έναν πολιτισμό που δεν ήταν κατα βάση δικός του.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Έχει ενδιαφέρον πως ένα απο τα τερμς που άκουγε κανείς τότε ήταν το «δε μοιαζει/ακούγεται σαν ελληνικό» ως απόδειξη ποιότητας. Κάτι τέτοιο ενδεχομένως θα διασκεδάσει τους ανθέλληνες σήμερα και ναι η αλήθεια είναι πως όσα προβλήματα και να δει κανείς στη δεκαετία του 90 σίγουρα οι συζητήσεις δε φτάναν ποτέ σε τόσο ανατριχιαστικά εθνικιστικά σημεία όπως στα ποστ-2010 [με πιθανή εξαίρεση το μακεδονικό]. Σίγουρα υπάρχει μια ενδιαφέρουσα ανθελληνική χροιά στο να πιστεύεις πως αν κάτι δεν είναι ελληνικό θα είναι καλύτερο, όμως στη βάση το ζήτημα του καλού και κακού ήταν μια ξεκάθαρη προσπάθεια να δημιουργηθούν συνειδήσεις υψηλής και χαμηλής κουλτούρας. Κι αυτό δεν ήταν κάτι μόνο στη μουσική, αλλά σε όλη την καλλιτεχνική παραγωγή. Τα αστεράκια ποιότητας κινηματογραφικών ταινιών στο Αθηνόραμα είναι κάτι που θυμάμαι από την παιδική μου ηλικία &#8211; ο αχρείος κριτικός του αθηνοράματος ποτέ δεν έβαζε 5 αστέρια σε τίποτα που δεν ήταν τουλαχιστον 40 χρόνια παλιό. [ελιτισμ 101 &amp; νοσταλγία μπλιαχ]</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Έτσι δημιουργείται κάπου εκεί η κουλτούρα του ‘εναλλακτικού’ τύπου, ενός ανθρώπου που στέκεται απέναντι/ενάντια στην ελληνικότητα, η οποία δεν τον ενδιαφέρει ή η αισθητική της οποιας ακόμα και τον προσβάλει. Μια στη βάση της αγορίστικη κουλτούρα, μέσα στην οποία σαφώς μπήκα, αλλά από την οποία ευτυχως θεε μου με έναν τρόπο βγήκα κάπως όταν έφυγα από την ελλάδα για την αγγλία για σπουδες.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Ο 90s εναλλακτικός τύπος έχει σίγουρα κάποια καλά, η κριτική στην ελληνικότητα που ανέφερα παραπάνω δεν είναι αμελητέα [αν και δεν είναι και πάντα γενικότερη πολιτική κριτική], όπως και η σημασία που φαίνεται να βάζει στη δημιουργια και τέχνη σε μια γενικά φιλισταία ελληνική κοινωνία είναι χρήσιμη σαν αντιπαράθεση στην καταπίεση της μαζικής τηλεόρασης κλπ. Όμως στη βάση του ο εναλλακτικός είναι ένας μοντερνιστής που πιστεύει σε υψηλη και χαμηλή κουλτούρα με όλες τις προβληματικές που αυτό κουβαλάει. Μεγάλωσα λοιπον και εγω και όλες οι συνομήλικες φιλινάδες μου με την παραίσθηση πως τα 80s ήταν κάτι μικρής δημιουργικής σημασίας, κάτι επιφανειακό, χωρίς ιδιαίτερο περιεχόμενο. Η βασική κριτική στα 80s από τα 90s γίνεται με τη χρήση ενός όρου που συνεχίζει να χρησιμοποιεί προβληματικά η εξυπναδίστικη ελληνική κοινωνία της ‘ποιοτικής τέχνης’, το kitsch [το trash σαν όρος έρχεται λίγο αργότερα, το camp δεν το παρακολουθει η ελληνικη κοινωνία καθόλου]. ‘Τα 80s δεν μας ενδιαφέρουν’ δηλώναν τα 90s διοτι παραήταν κιτς, εννοώντας ‘επιφανειακά, χωρίς ουσιαστική αξία’. Μου πήρε πολλά χρόνια να καταλάβω πως τα 80s τουλάχιστον ως τα μέσα της δεκαετίας αποτελούν στην πραγματικότητα την τελευταία προέκταση του αβαν-γκαρντ πρότζεκτ των 60s. Αλλά πέρα από αυτο, τί ήταν αυτό που ενοχλούσε τα σοβαρά αγόρια των 90s στα 80s? Τα 90s, το απόλυτο success story ευρωπαικής ευημερίας, βρίσκουν τους δημιουργούς να παράγουν όχι αμειγώς πολιτικά έργα, αλλά κείμενα με υπαρξιακό βάρος ενώ το κοινό από τη μεριά του έχει την [ψευδ]αίσθηση πως μπορεί να κρίνει την υπόλοιπη ιστορία από κάποιου είδους ψηλό βαθρο. Το υπαρξιακό βάθρο των 90s όμως εθελοτυφλούσε [στην καλύτερη] για το ποι@ έχει την άνεση να είναι υπαρξιστής, από ταξικής και έμφυλης άποψης. Αυτή η στροφή σε έναν υποτιθέμενα αντικειμενικό ανθρωπιστικό υπαρξισμό έχει ως αποτέλεσμα να τυποποιηθεί εξαιρετικά η αισθητική και να φτάσουμε τελικά στη μετριοκρατία που λέγεται U2, Πυξ Λαξ, ελληνικό σινεμά των 90s κλπ. Οι performative ευκαιρίες που ανοίγονται στα 60s (bowie klp) και φτάνουν στο ζενίθ τους με τη μόδα των 80s [androgynous cyborgs] κατατροπώνονται στα 90s, μια νέα σοβαρότητα επικρατεί, μια νέα dress/act-down συνθήκη [στην ελλάδα και σε συνδυασμό με την έλλειψη riot grrrl κινήσεων] καταλήγει τελικά στο να επωφελείται μια ετεροκανονικοαγοριστικότητα.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Μέσα σ αυτό, εγώ και κάποι@ αλλ@ που δε χωρούσαμε ακριβως στις κατηγορίες μάθαμε να ζούμε ανάμεσα στις χαραμάδες, κάποιες φορές με δυο πόδια σε δυο μέρη ως λίγο προδότες, κάποιες φορές πηγαίνοντας πιο πολύ από τη μια μεριά απ’ ό,τι την άλλη, αφήνοντας τις υβριδικές δυνατότητες και πτυχές του εαυτού μας να κοιμούνται μέχρι μια άλλη στιγμή.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Η άλλη στιγμή αυτή έρχεται στα 00s όπου εμφανίζεται η ιδέα του [retro]kitsch ως ενός είδους guilty pleasure. Κάτι σαν ακαδημαϊκό τερτίπι στην αρχή, οι εραστές του κιτς θεωρούν πως μπορούν να μπαίνουν και να βγαίνουν μέσα απ’ αυτό όπως και όποτε θέλουν, να το κοιτάνε από πάνω και να το «θαυμάζουν γι αυτό που είναι», φλερτάροντας δηλαδή με έναν τρόπο με το ποπ, το «κακό», μόνο όμως μέσα από μια ασφαλή δικλίδα του μοντερνιστικού πρότζεκτ της υψηλής τέχνης. Άτομα σαν αυτά μπορεί κανείς να θυμηθεί διάφορα: είναι άτομα που οργανώναν τσακωνειάδες, αλλά στο σπίτι προτιμούσαν τους Led Zeppelin και τον Τζιμ Τζάρμους. Κάποιοι απ αυτούς απαντούνται σήμερα γύρω από την ελληνική stand-up comedy σκηνή. Φυσικά η πρώτη αυτή ρετροκιτς φάση των early-00s ενέχει όχι μόνο ταξικά ζητήματα, αλλά είναι υπεύθυνη και για μερικά απερίγραπτα ανόητα υποκείμενα. Παρ’ όλ’ αυτά στρατηγικά ήταν μια σημαντική στιγμή αφού για πρώτη φορά βρέθηκαν τόσο απομακρυσμένες αισθητικές στους ίδιους χώρους.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Αρκετά πιο ενδιαφέρουσα είναι η συνέχεια στα late-00s/10s όταν με τις νέες συνθήκες επικοινωνίας και την κίνηση της πληροφορίας μέσω youtube κλπ, οι σκληρές ταυτότητες αρχίζουν να φθίνουν τελείως, τα ipad αντικαθιστούν τα walkman/diskman (από την ίδια την τεχνολογία λοιπόν υπάρχει υβριδική συνθήκη) και μέσα τους μπορείς να βρεις όλων των ειδών τις συνυπάρξεις. Η ποπ έχει ήδη πλησιάσει την ‘υψηλή κουλτούρα’ (η Bjork είναι η πρώτη ποπ καλλιτέχνις στην ιστορία που θα παίξει στο Royal Opera House), το βορειοευρωπαϊκό avant-garde έχει ήδη αγκαλιάσει την ποπ (ο Jerry Springer γίνεται όπερα) και κάπως σαν να φαίνεται πως οι μοντερνιστικοί διαχωρισμοί του Adorno καταρρέουν χωρίς επιστροφή. Οι συμπράξεις αυτές αργούν στην Ελλάδα που είναι περισσότερο συντηρητική, θα πάρει καμια δεκαριά χρόνια μετα το Jerry Springer the opera στο Σάκη Ρουβά να εμφανιστεί στην Επίδαυρο, αλλά το μικρόβιο των υβριδικών ταυτοτήτων μπαίνει σιγα-σιγα στα μυαλά των τεχνομουσικόφιλων. Έτσι αρχίζουν και πέφτουν οι πόλοι καλού και κακού και δε χρησιμοποιούνται τόσο ως αναφορά, ενώ άλλα polarities όπως το βαρετό-μη βαρετό [καταστασιακοι-συναντουν-add-generation] αρχίζουν να παίρνουν μεγαλύτερη σημασία. Η κατανάλωση του ποπ/τρας και της υψηλής τέχνης, βέβαια, δεν παύει να έχει ταξικό χαρακτήρα με κάποια υποκείμενα να έχουν πρόσβαση σαφώς σε κάποια πράγματα πολύ πιο έυκολα απ’ ό,τι σε άλλα, όμως τουλάχιστον οι όροι έχουν αλλάξει.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Σ’ αυτό το σημείο θα αναφερθώ στους έλληνες κουηρς πηγαίνοντας λίγο πίσω χρονικά. Η ιστορία του ελληνικού κουηρ είναι μικρή, αν και η ιδέα ενός εναλλακτικού lgbt κινήματος έσκαγε σε διάφορες φάσεις από δω κι απο κει, ένα κίνημα κοντινό άλλοτε σε φεμινιστικές κινήσεις, άλλοτε με αντιεξουσιαστές, αλλά ακόμα πιο συχνό μέσα από αναγνώσματα περιοδικής φύσης. Το ελληνικό κουήρ όπως εννοείται σαν σκηνή κάπως σήμερα ξεκινάει κάπου στα μέσα των 00s, με διάφορες μικροομάδες να σχηματίζονται δειλά, συχνά κοντινές σε αναρχικούς χώρους. Η ελληνική αναρχία βρίσκεται στην αισθητική όχι πολύ μακρυά από το μοντέλο του εναλλακτικού που περιέγραψα παραπάνω, όμως στην πιο πανκ κάπως μορφή του, πραγμα που ίσως σώζει κάπως τα πράγματα λογω του diy ethos, αλλα και με τις υπόλοιπες προβληματικές του πανκ (μάτσο κλπ). Η ιδέα του ποστ-πανκ ως κίνηση/ύφος δεν υπήρξε ποτέ στην ελλάδα, ένας χώρος δηλαδεί που να διέπεται από την επαναστατική δύναμη του πανκ, αλλά να έχει χώρο για γυναίκες και κουήρς και μη επικρατούσες ταυτότητες, να θεωρεί την δημιουργία ευκαιρία για νέες πειραματικές γλώσσες κλπ. Το ελληνικό αναρχοπάνκ είναι κοντινότερο σε γενικές γραμμές στο αμερικάνικο hardcore, με άλλα λόγια είναι λίγο καγκουρέ. Μέσα σ’ αυτή τη συνθήκη, οι κουηρς αρχικά ασφυκτιούν κάπως αισθητικά και φέρνουν αρκετά επιθετικά την ποπ στην πιο μέηνστρημ μορφή της ως υστερικό όπλο απέναντι στις νηφάλιες [?] αρενωπότητες. Μέσα στις καταλήψεις, στα κουηρ πάρτυ παίζεται η ποπ ως camp κριτική στο άγριο αντρικο performativity της αναρχίας. Σιγά σιγά εμφανίζονται και αναρχοποπ υβρίδια, όπως ο Alex C, που γίνεται σε γενικές γραμμές αποδεκτός από τους αναρχικούς συντρόφους, αν όχι με αισθητικά κριτήρια, τότε λόγω της κινηματικής του παρουσίας.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Ενώ όμως το appropriation της ποπ έχει έναν αντι-μάτσο κριτικό χαρακτήρα μέσα στις καταλήψεις, έξω, στο σκληρό μέηνστρημ ερχεται μια ρετρο-μανια απο πολυ κακες μεριες, από τα ίδια τα εναλλακτικά υποκείμενα που αναφέρθηκα παραπάνω, μια επανοικοιοποίηση των 80s (και 90s εως ενα σημείο), με αναγωγή χαρακτήρων οπως ο Τσακωνας σε “Bill Murray της ελλαδας” και άλλα τέτοια ωραία. Παρατηρείται εδώ μια ενδιαφερουσα στροφη των ελλήνων στο κομματι του πως πλησιάζουμε ένα ρετρο παρελθόν. Από κει που έχουμε συνηθίσει ως στάνταρ κριτική των 80s από τους κάγκουρες ως ‘αδερφίστικα’, τώρα ακούμε το αναπάντεχο “80s ρε! μονο τοτε γραφονταν ωραια κομματια, να ‘ουμε”. Αυτό που έχει συμβεί είναι πως οι 25αρηδες ματσο των 90s εχουν γινει 45αρηδες μπαρμπάδες που θυμούνται το παρελθόν. Κάπου εκεί η ελληνική κοινωνία ξεπερνάει τον εαυτό της διότι στο πλαίσιο μιας μανίας με το παρελθόν [κατα τη γνώμη μου εθνικιστικής στη βάση της] βάζει ακόμα και τη ματσίλα της σε δεύτερη θέση. Η ελληνική σχέση με το χετερο-camp ήταν ανέκαθεν περίπλοκη. Τα λικνίσματα στο σκυλάδικο, άλλωστε, στα μάτια ενός εξωτερικού παρατηρητή αποτελούν μια αρκετά camp επιτέλεση, ο alpha-ανδρισμός της οποίας κρέμεται διαρκώς από μια λεπτότατη κλωστή που εξισορροπεί ανελέητες αντιφάσεις [όπως και ο ορισμός της ελληνικότητας γενικότερα]. Όμως ενώ το οθωμανικό camp είναι μια επιτρεπτή συνθήκη για τον ελληναρα, το ευρωπαϊκό ήταν πάντα κατακριτέο. Στα mid/late-00s η θύμιση των 80ς ως κάτι μαλθακό αλλάζει ή τουλάχιστον φθίνει για να επικρατήσει κάτι άλλο. Με λίγα λόγια, Boy George vs PASOK σημειώσατε 2.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Η ρετρομανία του εναλλακτοκάγκουρα που ποστάρει τα «20 καλύτερα παιχνίδια» των 80s στο youtube και που αποφασίζει να πάει σε ένα πάρτυ ασχέτως περιεχομένου διότι το πόστερ είχε την Ροζίτα Σώκου (real story) δεν είναι τίποτ’ άλλο από μια κρυπτο [ή φανερο]εθνικιστική νοσταλγία για μια εποχή ευημερίας στη χώρα. Τα παιχνίδια των 80s που άνθρωποι της ίδιας ηλικίας θυμούνται είναι μια ενοτική εθνική αφήγηση για τις χρυσές πασοκικές μέρες που η ελλάδα “ζούσε καλά” οτιδήποτε αυτό σημαίνει [με λιγότερη επιρροή της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, λιγότερους μετανάστες κλπ], και – ultimately – ώντας περίσσότερο Ελλάδα. Για τον έλληνα κουηρ και ally τα πράγματα στενεύουν κάπως με τη σκύλλα του σοβαρού σκυθρωπου μοντερνιστικού εναλλακτικού από τη μια και τη χάρυβδη του αναγεννημένου ρετρολαϊκιστή από την άλλη. Σε μια τέτοια παγίδα θεωρώ πως πέφτει το τελευταίο αυτοκόλλητο των AntifaNegative, μιας από τις λίγες ενδιαφέρουσες συλλογικότητες του ευρύτερου αυτόνομου χώρου. <a href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fantifa-ngt.espivblogs.net%2Ffiles%2F2012%2F12%2Fstickers-may-2015-1.jpg&amp;h=ATMAsXcINJ4A-uZng05-FyCifqIT9IoCxeVwyjUN6Kdd12uyPRgVbrUWKTPmV4nXiHeR5BS7C5f2uUVppTlwCi7e_YQ42CFVxEps-GxfmY7Q9H9GGKeT-yMzDqX65lsqtlHFvCM&amp;s=1" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://antifa-ngt.espivblogs.net/f&#8230;</a></div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Το αυτοκόλλητο που επανοικειοποιείται τίτλο 80s ελληνικής trash ταινίας, αν και έχει πιστεύω ως στόχο του να κάνει ένα αντιμάτσο χιούμορ, πράγμα που ήδη είναι περισσότερο απ ́ότι συνήθως συναντάει κανεις στην αθηναϊκή αναρχία, με κάνει να σκέφτομαι: μπορει πραγματικά να γίνει ντερουρναμεντ σ’ αυτο το σλογκαν? Και αν ναι, τότε πως? Για να δουλέψει η καταστασιακή στρατηγική, τότε πρεπει να χρησιμοποιηθεί ένα κείμενο στο οποιο να πηγαινει κοντρα η καινούρια εκδοχή, δηλαδη κάτι το οποιο λερώνεται/τσαλακώνεται από την επέμβαση. Στην περιπτωση αυτή, όμως, το σλόγκαν απλα παίρνει προαγωγη απο ενός ειδους χουλιγκανισμό (αυτό των 80s λυκείων) σε εναν αλλο (αυτό της αναρχίας του 2015). [Θα μπορούσα να σημειώσω εδώ πως έτσι κι αλλιώς εχω σοβαρες ενστασεις για το πως το ντετουρναμεντ μπορει να δουλεψει στον κοσμο του φεησμπουκ, όπου πρωτοείδα το σλόγκαν αλλά ας μην το ανοίξω και αυτό, είναι θέμα για άλλη συζήτηση.] Στην εικόνα λοιπον δεν υπαρχει αρκετη αποσταση μεταξύ των δυο συνθηκών χουλιγκανισμού, δεν έχουμε δυο πράγματα που έρχονται σε διαλεκτική πάλη. Μήπως προκειται για υπερταυτιση, τον ορισμό που θέτει ο Ζίζεκ για projects όπως οι Laibach, όπου τα όρια μεταξύ ιδεολογικής ταύτισης και ειρωνείας είναι επίτηδες δυσδιάκριτα? Ο τροπος ομως με τον οποιο αισθητικά έχει στηθεί το αυτοκόλλητο δεν ειναι σαν να ταυτίζεται με το πραγματικο trash, αντιθέτως εχει μια μετα-banksy-ian αναρχο-design τοποθέτηση αρκετά μοντέρνα, λες και βγαλμενη απο τις καταληψεις της Βερνης και της Ζυρίχης. Το οπτικο λογοπαιγνιο με την τσάντα και τη ρόδα κλεινει το ματι σε ενα ελαφρο queer art of failure [αφού παίρνει σχεδόν σεφερλικές διαστάσεις], αλλα το αποτελεσμα και πάλι ειναι μια μεταμονετρνα σαλατα που παιζει επικυνδυνα με αναφορές και αναρωτιέμαι τελικα μήπως αυτό το αυτοκόλλητο στους δρόμους στηριζει άθελα του τη ρετροκαγκούρικη αφηγηση.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Και σκέφτομαι εδώ τί να είναι αυτό που να κάνει μια ομάδα τόσο διαυγή στο κομμάτι της κριτικης της εθνικής ταυτότητας όπως οι αντιφα να αναπαράγει μια αισθητική αναφορά κοινή με όλους τους εναλλακτικούς πατριδολάτρεις, χωρίς ούτε καν να δημιουργεί μια αρκετά καλιαρντη βερσιον της [που και πάλι δεν είμαι σίγουρος πως θα αρκούσε, προσωπικά θεωρώ το 80s trash καμένο χαρτι πολιτικά για κάποιον καιρο]?</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Νομίζω πως η ανάγκη για αμεσότητα και μια ελαφρώς ντεμπορική [κατά τη γνώμη μου όχι καίρια για την ελληνική κοινωνία] κριτική στην τέχνη ως κάτι αποκομένο από την μαζική κουλτούρα έχουν φέρει μια κάποια ισοπέδωση που μπορεί να οδηγήσει σε προβληματικές στρατηγικές. Γιατί να αποτελεί η ενθύμιση και η αναφορά σε κάτι άλλο τον τρόπο ενδυνάμωσής μας? Όπως ξέρουμε η ιστορία γράφεται πάντα από τους δυνατούς, επομένως η ενθύμιση της ποπ κουλτούρας θα είναι αναπάντεχα καταπιεστική. Ίσως απέναντι στη αφήγηση της ενθύμισης να παρατάξουμε το queer forgetting, όπως το θέτει @ halberstam στο “Queer Art of Failure”. Για κάθε αγορίστικη ανάμνηση εμείς παρατάσσουμε μια κούηρ λησμονιά.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Είναι σημαντικό να θέσουμε σ’ αυτό το σημείο πως μια καίρια διαφορά των κουηρς από τον υπόλοιπο αναρχοαυτόνομο χώρο ειναι πως δίπλα στο κοινά αποδεκτό ρέτρο, οι κουηρς έχουν αγάπη και για το contemporary pop. Αυτο ισως θα μπορούσε να τίθεται ως μια τοποθέτηση ακριβώς αντίθετη με την παραπάνω [το παρόν ενάντια στο παρελθόν], αφου το ποπ αποτελεί μια συνδεση με μια διεθνη κοινοτητα απο την οποια το κουηρ παιρνει γραμμη [drag race κλπ], μια σύνδεση που εν δυνάμει μπορεί να επιφέρει και όμορφα ανθελληνικά αποτελέσματα παγκοσμιοποίησης. Όμως και παλι εδώ υπαρχει μια μελαγχολική απόσταση παρά την ταυτοχρονία, έχουμε την απόσταση μεταξύ του δέκτη και του παραλήπτη, απόσταση που ειναι απαραίτητη για το καπιταλιστικο κομματι της ποπ να δουλεψει. Το ελληνικό κουηρ περναει στη φαση της επανοικοιοποίησης και μιμησης ενος κυριαρχου μεταμοντέρνου προτάγματος. Αφηνει [καλώς] πίσω του το φαντασμα της “υψηλης κουλτούρας” και ταυτιζεται με [κάποιες φορες και αναλυει] την ποπ. Πως ομως ξερουμε πως το κουηρ δεν εξομοιώνεται σε μια ετερο/ομο αισθητική κανονικότητα?</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Για την ελληνικη πραγματικοτητα, μια ουσιαστικη επιρροη του drag race θα μπορουσε να ειναι φοβερα μετασχηματιστική. Όμως στην πράξη αυτα που στο λονδινο θα ήταν underground punk drag shows, στο παρισι voguing competitions της μαύρης κουηρ κοινότητας και σε άλλα μέρη στον κόσμο διαφόρων ειδών underground συνθηκες, στην αθηνα αποτελουν θεματα συζητησης [μας έφαγε ο λογοκεντρισμός!], μαζώξεις σε μεσοαστικά σπίτια “για να δουμε Ru Paul στον προτζέκτορα” και ποστ σε ιντερνετικά θεωρητικά αναγνώσματα (Καμμένα Σουτιέν κλπ). Κι έτσι όχι μόνο δεν υπάρχει ουσιαστική συνδιαμόρφωση της αισθητικής [μεσω fan cultures κλπ], αλλά χάνεται και ένας πολύ ενδιαφέρον πιθανός διάλογος, ένα αθηναϊκό queer art of failure, ένα drag non-glamorous, αντιφατικό, κακοφτιαγμένο, τραυματισμένο από την κοινωνία στην οποία απευθύνεται. <a href="https://www.facebook.com/notes/amadeus-sacerpullus/%CE%B7-%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B7%CF%81-%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B5%CC%81%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9-%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD-%CE%BC%CE%B1%CC%81%CF%84%CF%83%CE%BF-%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%85%CC%81%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7-%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CE%BD%CE%B5%CC%81%CE%B1-%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B8%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B7%CC%81/10157412709195434">Η εικόνα που ανέβασα στο ποστ</a> είναι από την <a href="https://fytini.bandcamp.com/">ομάδα Τριτοτέταρτες</a>, μια ομάδα που κατα τη γνώμη μου κατακερματίζει τα στεγανά του drag culture και συνθλίβει σε πολλαπλά επίπεδα την ελληνικότητα. Μέσα από το πρότζεκτ των Τριτοτέταρτες, η ιστορικότητα του drag, στοιχεία κουηρ ουτοπίας και κριτικές ματιές στον ελληνικό βούρκο δημιουργούν ένα υπερ-αντι-θέαμα [ίσως] muñozικων διαστάσεων.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Με την πρόσφατη απογαλάκτιση του ελληνικού κουηρ από τους αναρχικούς χώρους και μετά από μια χρονιά με μερικές από τις πιο καίριες ρήξεις στο mainstream lgbt κίνημα, το κουήρ καλείται να δημιουργήσει τις δικές του αφηγήσεις. Είναι όμως ένα κεφάλι χωρίς σώμα [όργανα χωρίς σώμα?]: έχει σκεφτεί πολύ τί είναι αυτά που θέλει, χωρίς όμως να τα κάνει, έχει οριοθετήσει το τί το στενοχωρεί χωρίς όμως να κάνει φόκους σε τί το καυλώνει, έχει μιλήσει πολύ, αλλά έχει χορέψει, τραγουδήσει και γαμηθεί λίγο.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">Πιστευω πως εχουμε φτασει στο σημειο που οφειλουμε να εφευρουμε συνθετικες δημιουργικες γλωσσες, να κουηρεψουμε τις φορμες της επικοινωνιας μας. Η ιδεα του ‘ποιοτικου’ και του ‘υψηλου’ μας φαίνεται γελοία, αλλα και το ποπ δε μας φτανει κάπως, παραειναι μακρυα απο τα σωματα μας, σώματα που δε χωράνε όλα στις μέηνστρημ γραμμές έτσι κι αλλιώς και δε γουστάρουν άλλο να απολογούνται. Έχουμε ηδη αποξενωθεί απο την σκληρή αναρχοκαταστασιακή γραμμή, γιατι έχουμε σχεση αγάπης-κ-μίσους με το θέαμα [yes, we enjoy our symptoms] και δεν πιστεύουμε και πολυ στη δυνατότητα του ντετουρναμεντ. Το ελληνικό παρόν σαπίλα και το παρελθόν ρετρο αναμνηση ακομα πιο αηδια. Κι ομως εμεις θελουμε να μιλησουμε για τα σωματα μας και για τις (γ)καβλες μας και να φτιάξουμε και να συνβρεθούμε σε εικόνες και σε ήχους και σε λέξεις. Και πως θα το κάνουμε αυτο? Καπως οπως χτιζουμε την επιθυμία μας: μέσα και έξω από το μεηνστρημ, χρησιμοποιώντας μερικά, πετώντας άλλα, κλέβοντας ιδέες από κάποια, καταστρέφοντας αλλα, γελώντας με καποια, μη παίρνοντας υπ’ οψη μας αλλα, τραυματισμένες απο καποια, αγαπώντας άλλα και κοιτώντας παντα μεσα μας, η καθε μια ξεχωριστα στην εαυτή της για την προσωπικη της αφηγηση που δεν ειναι ακριβώς ποτε ιδια με καποια άλλη. Φερνοντας κοντά τις εσωτερικες μας αντιφασεις μπορουμε να φτιαξουμε τις δικες μας κουηρ αισθητικές, να γίνουμε οι ίδιες ένα κολλάζ, άλλωστε το κολλάζ είναι κατά τ@ Halberstam το απόλυτο queer μέσο: butch sopranos, bdsm teletubbies, σερραίοι περφορμανς αρτιστς, barwoman ναυπηγές, χοντρές τσελίστριες, ζηλιάρες πολυάμορυ ποιήτριες, παραδοσιακές μαγείρισσες με ποδιες σόνικ γιουθ, σεξομανή πτηνά, χεβιμέταλ crossdressers, kinky συλλέκτες γραμματοσήμων, ανώμαλοι και ανώμαλες κάθε είδους με τις περίεργες αντιφατικές ιστορίες τους. Κάποιοι θα μας πουν μεταμοντέρνους στο πέρασμά τους, πως είμαστε ένα mish-mash επιρροών και ίσως μας πουν και χίπστερς, ομως αυτές είμαστε και αυτές τις συνδυαστικές αναγκες έχουμε. Και γνωρίζοντας πως φέρνουμε στο τραπέζι όλες μας τις εσωτερικές αντιφάσεις, ελπίζουμε πως θα αποτελέσουμε ένα επικοινωνιακο αβαν-γκαρντ. Όχι αβαν απ’ την προβληματικη μοντερνιστική σκοπιά του υψηλού και εκλεπιτσμένου, αλλά απ την πολεμική σκοπιά αυτής που δοκιμάζει να εκτεθει. Γιατί με το να εκθέτουμε τους δικούς μας ταυτοτικούς συνδυασμούς, γράφονται και ανοίγουν διαφορετικες ιστορίες και βιώματα που μπορουν να μας πανε καπου αλλου, καπου που δε βρεθηκαμε πιο πριν. Και μπορούμε να φέρουμε τις ιστορίες μας κοντά να κάνουν και παρέα – όσο γίνεται.</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa"></div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">κείμενο: AMADEUS SACERPULLUS</div>
<div class="_2cuy _3dgx _2vxa">πηγή: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/notes/amadeus-sacerpullus&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;">https://www.facebook.com/notes/amadeus-sacerpullus/%CE%B7-%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B7%CF%81-%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B5%CC%81%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9-%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD-%CE%BC%CE%B1%CC%81%CF%84%CF%83%CE%BF-%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%85%CC%81%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7-%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CE%BD%CE%B5%CC%81%CE%B1-%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B8%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B7%CC%81/10157412709195434</a></div>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/03/16/%ce%b7-%ce%ba%ce%bf%cf%85%ce%b7%cf%81-%ce%bb%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%bc%ce%bf%ce%bd%ce%b9%ce%b1-%ce%b1%cf%80%ce%b5%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%bd%cf%84%ce%b9-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%cf%83/">Η κουηρ λησμονια απέναντι στην μάτσο ενθύμιση – Για μια νέα αισθητική- του AMADEUS SACERPULLUS</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>Επίθεση ενάντια σε 2 Κοινωνικά Κέντρα στην Αθήνα / Ανακοίνωση &#8211;  2 SOCIAL CENTERS IN ATHENS UNDER ATTACK / Announcement</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/03/13/villa-zografou-acharnon-squat-attack/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[crystalzero72]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Mar 2017 15:21:30 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Global movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Local movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anarchy International Solidarity Global Civil War Movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Political Announcement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[void network]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Void Network announcement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Αστικές Εξεγέρσεις]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Αυτόνομοι Χώροι]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Κοινωνικοί Αγώνες]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://voidnetwork.gr/?p=14243</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>[text: English/Greek] Η καταστολή του κοινωνικού απελευθερωτικού κινήματος και των καταλήψεων προσφύγων και μεταναστών δεν θα μείνει αναπάντητη. Οι αστυνομικές επιδρομές  αποτελούν ιδανικό παράδειγμα για την πολιτική που επιθυμεί να επιβάλλει η κυριαρχία στην εποχή μας: όταν εμείς κοιμόμαστε το κράτος συνεχίζει να δουλεύει εναντίον όλων μας. Τα ξημερώματα της 13/3/2017 η Ελληνική αριστερή κυβέρνηση επέλεξε να εισακούσει τις εντολές της δεξιάς συντήρησης και τα νέο-φιλελεύθερα τσιράκια των Μέσων Μαζικής Εξαπάτησης και να επιτεθεί σε δύο καταλήψεις του ευρύτερου κοινωνικού κινήματος. Η κατάληψη που εκκενώθηκε στο κτίριο του Δρακοπούλειου αιμοδοτικού κέντρου και βρίσκεται στην οδό Αλκιβιάδου 9, μαζί με την παραπλήσια κατάληψη</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/03/13/villa-zografou-acharnon-squat-attack/">Επίθεση ενάντια σε 2 Κοινωνικά Κέντρα στην Αθήνα / Ανακοίνωση &#8211;  2 SOCIAL CENTERS IN ATHENS UNDER ATTACK / Announcement</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-14246" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/vila_zografou.gif" alt="" width="615" height="679" /></p>
<figure id="attachment_14245" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-14245" style="width: 695px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-14245" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DSC_0047-Large.jpg" alt="" width="695" height="460" /><figcaption id="caption-attachment-14245" class="wp-caption-text">Occupied Villa Zografou</figcaption></figure>
<figure id="attachment_14255" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-14255" style="width: 630px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-14255" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ekkenosi-alkiviadou.jpg" alt="" width="630" height="422" /><figcaption id="caption-attachment-14255" class="wp-caption-text">Self-Organized occupied space of refugees in Alkiviadou and Acharnon</figcaption></figure>
<figure id="attachment_14247" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-14247" style="width: 688px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-14247" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/1974-sourmeli.jpg" alt="" width="688" height="372" /><figcaption id="caption-attachment-14247" class="wp-caption-text">Self Organized refugee&#8217;s building in Acharnon and Sourmeli, still occupied</figcaption></figure>
<p>[text: English/Greek]</p>
<p>Η καταστολή του κοινωνικού απελευθερωτικού κινήματος και των καταλήψεων προσφύγων και μεταναστών δεν θα μείνει αναπάντητη. Οι αστυνομικές επιδρομές  αποτελούν ιδανικό παράδειγμα για την πολιτική που επιθυμεί να επιβάλλει η κυριαρχία στην εποχή μας: όταν εμείς κοιμόμαστε το κράτος συνεχίζει να δουλεύει εναντίον όλων μας. Τα ξημερώματα της 13/3/2017 η Ελληνική αριστερή κυβέρνηση επέλεξε να εισακούσει τις εντολές της δεξιάς συντήρησης και τα νέο-φιλελεύθερα τσιράκια των Μέσων Μαζικής Εξαπάτησης και να επιτεθεί σε δύο καταλήψεις του ευρύτερου κοινωνικού κινήματος.</p>
<p><strong>Η κατάληψη που εκκενώθηκε στο κτίριο του Δρακοπούλειου αιμοδοτικού κέντρου και βρίσκεται στην οδό Αλκιβιάδου 9, </strong>μαζί με την παραπλήσια <strong>κατάληψη της οδού Αχαρνών και Σουρμελή στην πλατεία Βάθης που συνεχίζει να αντιστέκεται</strong>, μπορούν να αποτελέσουν, με τις χαρές και τις λύπες τους, πραγματικά σχολεία για όλους τους αλληλέγγυους που πέρνουν μέρος στον τιτάνιο αγώνα προσφοράς βοήθειας στους πρόσφυγες έξω από καθεστωτικούς μηχανισμούς σαν άνθρωποι προς ανθρώπους. Οι καταλήψεις αυτές στο κέντρο της πόλης αποτέλεσαν και αποτελούν παράδειγμα άμεσης και αδιαμεσολάβητης αυτοργάνωσης των προσφύγων χωρίς την παρουσία και την συμμετοχή ντόπιων ακτιβιστών, αποτέλούν αυτοργανωμένους χώρους μεταναστών και προσφύγων  από τους ίδιους για τους ίδιους και για αυτό η κατάληψη της Αλκιβιάδου 9 χτυπήθηκε άμεσα από το κράτος.</p>
<p><strong><a href="http://villazografou.espivblogs.net/category/%CF%86%CF%89%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%83/">Η κατάληψη της Βίλλα Ζωγράφου και του περιβάλλοντος πάρκου στην περιοχή Ζωγράφου</a></strong> αποτέλεσε ένα κοινωνικό κέντρο μιας γειτονιάς με πολύ έντονη συμμετοχή στην εξέγερση του 2008 αλλά και στα κινήματα που ακολούθησαν έως την τελική εξέγερση της 12  Φεβρουαρίου 2012. Σε μια εποχή ύφεσης των κινημάτων και αδράνειας από μεριάς της κοινωνίας το κράτος έρχεται να πάρει πίσω κάθε γωνία που κατέκτησαν τα κοινωνικά κινήματα την εποχή που αποπειράθηκαν να δώσουν αγωνιστικές απαντήσεις στην καπιταλιστική, ληστρική επιδρομή που παραπλανητικά ονομάστηκε από τους καταπιεστές μας ως &#8220;ΚΡΙΣΗ&#8221;.</p>
<p>Η απάτη της εκπροσώπησης των λαϊκών συμφερόντων στα έδρανα της βουλής από γελοίους πολιτικάντηδες και ξεπουλημένα κόμματα τελείωσε στην πλατεία Συντάγματος το καλοκαίρι του 2011. Η μαζική αυταπάτη της απελπισμένης πλειοψηφίας πως ο Σύριζα «θα μας σώσει» τελείωσε και αυτή εδώ και καιρό. Η απόδειξη πως η αριστερή διακυβέρνηση  δεν είναι τίποτα άλλο από μια ευθυνόφοβη και αντικοινωνική σοσιαλδημοκρατία είναι μπροστά στα μάτια όλων μας. Ο Σύριζα είναι ένα ζόμπι ΠΑΣΟΚ που αργοπεθαίνει βάζοντας κάθε λεπτό που περνά υποθήκη το μέλλον αυτής της κοινωνίας για να γραπωθεί στην εξουσία. Το κοινοβούλιο βρωμάει πανούκλα και όσοι θέλουν να το στηρίζουν με τις πλάτες τους και να το ποτίζουν με το αίμα τους να ξέρουν πως ζουν εις βάρος των παιδιών τους και ΤΑ ΠΑΙΔΙΑ ΘΑ ΔΩΣΟΥΝ ΤΙΣ ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΕΙΣ ΤΟΥΣ.</p>
<p>Το Μέλλον θα υπερασπιστεί τα δικαιώματα του και ΤΟ ΜΕΛΛΟΝ ΑΝΗΚΕΙ ΣΕ ΟΣΟΥΣ ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΝΤΑΙ.</p>
<p>Επανακατάληψη όλων των καταλήψεων που χτυπιούνται από το Κράτος – Δημιουργία καταλήψεων και κοινωνικών κέντρων σε όλους τους πιθανούς και απίθανούς τόπους σε όλη την χώρα- Απελευθέρωση της καθημερινότητας μας από όλες τις ηλίθιες κοινωνικές υποχρεώσεις και τις κυρίαρχες κοινωνικές συμβάσεις – Άρνηση της κυρίαρχης κουλτούρας – Στελέχωση των κοινωνικών κινημάτων της εποχής μας και στήριξη των χώρων του κινήματος με την καθημερινή μας παρουσία-<br />
ΣΥΜΒΙΩΣΗ / ΙΣΟΤΗΤΑ / ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ</p>
<p>Να στηρίξουμε με λόγο και πράξεις τις καταλήψεις.</p>
<p>Να συμμετέχουμε στις κινητοποιήσεις που καλούνται.</p>
<p>Καλούμε όλο το λαό του Ζωγράφου και τον κόσμο του αγώνα να στηρίξει <strong>ΤΟ ΚΑΛΕΣΜΑ ΓΙΑ ΠΟΡΕΙΑ ΕΝΑΝΤΙΑ ΣΤΗΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΤΟΛΗ ΤΩΝ ΚΑΤΑΛΗΨΕΩΝ ΤΗ ΔΕΥΤΕΡΑ 13/3 ΜΕ ΠΡΟΣΥΓΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗ στις 18.00 ΣΤ</strong><strong>ΗΝ ΠΛΑΤΕΙΑ ΓΑΡΔΕΝΙΑΣ , 6η σταση </strong><strong>(ΠΡΟΣΒΑΣΗ ΜΕ 230, 608,235).</strong></p>
<p><strong>ΚΕΝΟ ΔΙΚΤΥΟ [Θεωρία, Ουτοπία, Συναίσθηση, Εφήμερες Τέχνες]</strong><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr"> https://voidnetwork.gr</a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>2 SOCIAL CENTERS IN ATHENS UNDER ATTACK / Solidarity Announcement</h2>
<p>The repression of social liberation movement and the destruction of the occupied spaces of  refugees and immigrants will not be left unanswered. The Greek Left government chose at the dawn of 13/03/2017 to listen to the commands of the conservative right and the neo-liberal Media of Mass Manipulation and attack against two occupations of the broader social movement in Athens Greece. Police raids are an ideal example of the policy imposed by the domination during our era: when we sleep the State continues working against all of us.</p>
<p><strong>The occupation at the beginning of Acharnon Street (Alkiviadou 9) as also the nearby occupied building at Acharnon and Sourmeli that still resisting</strong>, both of them very near to the old Villa Amalias squat  in the center of Athens are &#8211; with the joys and sorrows of the past year- real schools for all the local solidarity activists that took part in the titanic struggle offering solidarity and help to refugees outside the mechanisms of the regime as humans to humans the last years. The occupations of Acharnon are the first examples of direct, autonomous and unmediated self-organization of refugees without the presence and participation of local activists. They are self-organized spaces of immigrants and refugees by themselves for themselves and this is why the occupation of Alkiviadou street was hit directly by the state.</p>
<p><a href="http://villazografou.espivblogs.net/category/%CF%86%CF%89%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%83/"><strong>The occupied park and castle of Villa Zografou in Zografou area</strong></a> was an important social center of a neighborhood with very strong involvement in the uprising of 2008 and the movements that followed until the final uprising of February 12, 2012. At a time of recession for the movements and inaction of the society State comes to get back every corner conquered by the social movements at the time they tried to give answers to the capitalist, predatory raid misleadingly named by our oppressors as &#8220;CRISIS&#8221;. The fraud of representation of popular interests in the parliament House by ridiculous politicians and sold out parties ended at Syntagma Square in the summer of 2011. The massive illusion of the desperate majority that Syriza will &#8220;save us&#8221; ended long time now. Proof that the left government is nothing more than another form of antisocial- “social democracy” is in front of us. Syriza is a zombie PASOK dying and putting every minute that passes the future of this society as mortgage to remain grasped on power.<br />
The parliament stinks as plague and those ones who want to support it with their backs and to irrigate it with their blood they have to know that they live at the expense of their children and CHILDREN WILL GIVE THEIR ANSWERS. The Future will defend its rights and THE FUTURE BELONGS TO THOSE WHO ARE STRUGGLING.</p>
<p>Re-occupation of all occupations hit by the State &#8211; Create squats and social centers across the country in all possible and unlikely places &#8211; Liberation of everyday life from all stupid social responsibilities and conventions &#8211; Refuse the dominant culture &#8211; Recruitment of social movements of our time &#8211; Support of the movement’s spaces with our daily participation</p>
<p>SYMBIOSIS / EQUALITY / TOTAL FREEDOM</p>
<p>Participate at the demonstrations organised in defense of the squats and social centers</p>
<p><strong>Monday 13/3 at 18.00 Gardenia sq. Zografou area</strong><strong> / 6th bus stand &#8211; BUS</strong><strong> 230, 608,235.</strong></p>
<p><strong>VOID NETWORK [Theory, Utopia, Empathy, Ephemeral Arts] <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">https://voidnetwork.gr</a></strong></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2017/03/13/villa-zografou-acharnon-squat-attack/">Επίθεση ενάντια σε 2 Κοινωνικά Κέντρα στην Αθήνα / Ανακοίνωση &#8211;  2 SOCIAL CENTERS IN ATHENS UNDER ATTACK / Announcement</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>Intervention (to Greek Anarchist movement) by The Barbarians</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/07/08/intervention-to-greek-anarchist-movement-by-the-barbarians/</link>
					<comments>https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/07/08/intervention-to-greek-anarchist-movement-by-the-barbarians/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[voidnetwork]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2014 00:56:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Global movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anarchy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anarchy International Solidarity Global Civil War Movement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Black-Block]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Of course, to begin with, everything needs to be broached with caution. We need to remember to make distinctionsin our thought. To speak with tact is not always the same as silence even if in some situations the only real choice is a tactful silence. Yet this is not the case in a general manner. Thus in speaking in a general way,&#160; we can avoid this first, no doubt common objection, of preferring silence to dialogue. Similarly, there will be the plea to avoid mixing in these affairs, because, as we ourselves have quite openly admitted, we are neither Greeks</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/07/08/intervention-to-greek-anarchist-movement-by-the-barbarians/">Intervention (to Greek Anarchist movement) by The Barbarians</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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<p><span style="color: #f4cccc;"><b><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Of course, to begin with, everything needs to be broached with caution. We need to remember to make distinctions<br />in our thought. To speak with tact is not always the same as silence even if in some situations the only real choice is a tactful silence. Yet this is not the case in a general manner. Thus in speaking in a general way,&nbsp; we can avoid this first, no doubt common objection, of preferring silence to dialogue. Similarly, there will be the plea to avoid mixing in these affairs, because, as we ourselves have quite openly admitted, we are neither Greeks nor have we spent our whole lives in Greek Anarchy. If this is admitted, there is no real shame in that. On the contrary, our position as outsiders might be considered as a benefit, both in being more free from insular dynamics and also to aid us in having some space to view things. Besides, as we are outsiders, we have little to lose, and if we have a small influence, then here again this helps us, since we do not have the illusion that with one text we can resolve a practical issue. But to begin a practical process of change and advance, a small text from marginal figures might indeed be suited to its purpose.</p>
<p>To aid us along this path, we should inquire what kind of change or development could one desire from Greek anarchy, apart from a general desire for victory? Anarchy has to deal with its own attempt at victory, and most difficult of all, also to prepare for its gradual&nbsp; fading away. The first dilemma would be to show that the change one demands is not abstract but rather rooted in the real situation of the time. So first we must show the situation and later we&nbsp; can elaborate further&nbsp; concerning practical affairs. Thus there would not be random ideas, but rather an exigency of the situation itself. Changes are already underway and our point is merely to act as a midwife, to aid the process of birth. Then our role obviously reorients itself from proclaiming an abstract demand to actually pointing out what is underway, with references to the concrete situation. <br />To&nbsp; commence with a brief overview&nbsp; of the political situation:&nbsp; the&nbsp; Greek State was&nbsp; shaken by December 2008, and this began the general process of decomposition we see unfolding&nbsp; before&nbsp; us,&nbsp; which has both&nbsp; positive and&nbsp; negative aspects. The state, from its own incompetence, corruption, lack of control and so forth,&nbsp; is on the brink of becoming a failed state—this is a sober analysis one can read from various establishment sources, not&nbsp; an illusory radical optimism.&nbsp; In this climate Anarchy itself is changing from a movement of aspiration and hope to a movement of reality. This necessitates a change in forms and ideas of the antagonist movement that have been shaped over time. But again, this is not something made up or imposed onto reality. December, and later Syntagma, February 12, and other developments, have opened up entire&nbsp; new avenues and possibilities for action, most of which, it should be noted, are basically offensive, since the old terrain has shifted. The neighborhood assemblies, new parks and squats, occupations, motorcycle demos, and yes, armed struggle, are all polymorphous changes that no abstract analysis created but rather an integral part of the changing reality itself. This does not need so much philosophizing, but only a quick reflection: Anarchy by definition&nbsp; changes as it gets closer to its goal since it becomes less a small group of believers than a general situation. The only difficulty with accepting this, again, is with lack of distinctions in Thought: often we say one day or one discrete point in time, “the big day” (le grand soir) will change everything; instead of reflecting that change always takes place in time with its delays and irregular progressions, so that the change from normality to Anarchy is a process of quite some time and certainly is in no way inevitable. A real analysis would point&nbsp; out the potential available for anarchy and situations where the state has been shaken. But this is obvious to everyone in the crumbling away of beliefs and buildings, the police on every corner, the splitting of political parties, the polarization of society, continued resistance by anarchists, etc.</p>
<p>Everything is getting more anarchic, or potentially more so, in a country that just a short time ago was the middle class success story of Europe. And to deny this, on the basis that we are not yet at Anarchy, is denying the evident reality of the process for the sake of an end that becomes unrealisable and separated from the world. No: the butterfly is leaving its hard, defensive chrysalis; the drab colors and immobility are being changed for something radically new. Or,&nbsp; to recall the old example of Themistokles, the traditional Anarchist way&nbsp; of inhabiting Athens—the classical movement and so forth—is passing as the city falls to the universal despotism of our times. But there is the chance for an audacious victory in a new element, to strike out on the great and stormy sea of revolution.</p>
<p>Just as a thing changes in time and so always is and is not, or is always coming-to-be and passing-away, so too Greek Anarchy is changing, just as the larger society and the world are changing. Anarchy itself is getting more anarchic.</p>
<p>* * * <br />What can help to bring out the best in this change, and what can be discarded? This basically is one major trend in this issue. In a general way, what is important to promote in&nbsp; order&nbsp; to&nbsp; conserve collective strength&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; coming times? For us, as we are trying to show with our example (and thus, our theory is trying to be immediately practical), there can certainly be more openness and discussion in a public form with all the proprieties that should be observed there.&nbsp; To clarify: what exists now is much discussion, but generally in an informal and personalized manner&nbsp; or in a&nbsp; deeply bureaucratic&nbsp; manner&nbsp; (the&nbsp; assembly, to&nbsp; which we will return&nbsp; later). Neither way&nbsp; is the best medium for discussions and they bleed into&nbsp; one another&nbsp; in&nbsp; a deeply tragic&nbsp; fashion.&nbsp; Greek&nbsp; Anarchy is&nbsp; half&nbsp; a&nbsp; dysfunctional and small social milieu,&nbsp; another&nbsp; half a radically utopian political movement, but these should try not to intermingle with one another. And one foresees that in the future, they will continue to diverge. The personal is not the political, as in the misguided 60’s slogan. For us today the slogan must speak to the failure and feebleness of the New Left itself since, of course, the personal makes up a part of the political, as self-evidently persons take part in politics, but this hasty thought has confused the issue. This is the same error as in saying that the marble is the statue, or the paint is the painting. The personal is certainly related and a part of the political, but on the other&nbsp; hand this is so basic a claim and yet so obviously not everything that is in politics (just as the paint does not fully describe the painting). The movement is built upon friends, but politics cannot work only in this fashion, as is obvious, since a general political situation is always larger than the amount of friends, even friendly acquaintances, that one could have. These forms should separate themselves into&nbsp; their&nbsp; proper&nbsp; spheres, as friends are certainly the material for the political, but not the political in and of itself.</p>
<p>Historically, this slogan only emerged from the extreme self-denial and negation of the individual undertaken by Stalinism, so the pendulum swung in the opposite direction. Perhaps we can endeavour to find a golden mean, which would both acknowledge the individual,&nbsp; and yet also encourage us to set aside personal differences, or more realistically, to strenuously work to manage them, when issues of over-arching importance come into play. If no existential respect is conceded to others, then not only are we deprived of a certain type of nourishment, but worse, then only force necessarily remains to demand a certain respect. This is in fact the very opposite of the correct relation of mutual respect, which should be in one sense unconditional in a small way, and in a large way, can only be freely granted. For more on this large theme, we have elaborated about negativity in this issue. But in brief what model or ideals can help us? Certainly, not the levelling down of critique, but rather a building up, the noble spirit of ἀγών, as Nietzsche saw, emulation and uplift. As Goethe said, “Divide and conquer, a good maxim. Unite and lead, a better one.”</p>
<p>As well, in terms of sustainability, the current model of activism or even the idea as such needs to be questioned. Most people do not have the requisite abnegation to reach the level of sacrifice demanded. And thus, predictably, this model has only worked in small groups for a small period of time, whence comes the famous burn-out or sell-out which inevitably seems to follow. Evidently the model demands too much, this being related to the vaguely Christian roots of the workers’ movement. Similarly we should re- think the idea of the common and reflect on how much is common already and on preserving that as an idea. For example, the welfare- state is doomed, but the idea that a community should care for its ailing, aged, unfortunate or infirm members is a most reasonable idea. But this can equally come about without the state and then it preserves its true character, which is spiritual. Furthermore,&nbsp; this thinking about the common would also apply to our effort since the activist method demands everything and leaves no space for varied <br />or partial commitment. But that is what most&nbsp; people can give. One resource we often do not think of because of an unfortunate tendency to materialism is motivation, which is perhaps the prime thing that keeps the movement going, even though (or seen more clearly, precisely because) it is spiritual. This collective motivation is often squandered in a thoughtless manner that makes things all the more difficult. Whereas if a small effort was made to conserve the collective motivation, one would not demand more or be satisfied with less but recognize varying levels of commitment without a hostile critique.</p>
<p>For a brief digression we should&nbsp; also inquire, what exactly is this&nbsp; Greek Anarchy that one speaks&nbsp; about? Not the varied experiences or the actual thing “in itself”, which no one trying to retain their sanity could attempt to define. We here are still persistently looking around Athens for ‘the anarchists’, and also for ‘Greece’, and ‘anarchy’, and as of yet have never really found them. Greece today is nothing more than an empty record of the ruined West, so we should&nbsp; just try for a brief genealogy. But it deserves noting for historical consciousness that this “Greek moment”, with its general strikes and riots and most especially its section of Greek Anarchy, is basically the last recognizable and influential remnant of the classical workers’ movement, which faded out in Western Europe and was discarded as unfashionable&nbsp; by French intellectuals a few decades&nbsp; ago. The only other exception (as we noted last issue) is in Spain, for reasons specific to its history. Greece, besides still having&nbsp; a residue of leftist revolutionism, is also an anarchic country. Anarchy can become a more real expression of something that has always existed in this Greece that could never unite its regions. Revolutions happen and change the lives of peoples, as they make an effort to cast off all their bonds, but on the basis of their prior life. France and Russia had both been the lands of reaction, aristocratic pomp, of authority- and yet that culture, too, was changed in revolution. So that 1789 was seen as the revenge of the Huguenots,&nbsp; the victory of the philosophes, as&nbsp; 1917&nbsp; was that great revolt predicted by Bakunin, the millennial peasant rising in continuation with the legacy of the social-revolutionaries. But now we come to a new era of revolt: as Surrealism announced almost a century ago now, Marxism never developed the means to attack modernized parliamentary democracy. So it is in fact of the utmost import that Greece is probably the most middle- class country one could ever hope to find. Revolution here would signify leaving behind this middle-class world, the completed welfare-state, and going somewhere completely new, not simply universalizing the bourgeois revolution in peripheral countries as happened for example in Marxism.</p>
<p>At any rate, in critique it is very important to avoid the purely negative inf luence that would lead Greece into a similar sad state of apathy and vain intellectualizing that has made most of Europe such a frozen place. On the other hand it is important to note that Greece is, because of this, in a special&nbsp; way behind of Europe, in its form, and yet ahead in its content. This is also related to its backwards historical development, with fascism ending here the prior&nbsp; generation,&nbsp; which in Europe was&nbsp; the position of the New Left. Greece has not yet suffered the defeats other countries have suffered, and the form of its modernity is in this sense undeveloped. So the world has not yet really finished with the issues&nbsp; posed&nbsp; by the workers’ movement, because the real issue of the workers’ movement was always-already Anarchy (Marxism’s heaven is Anarchy so this theory too is oriented around an Anarchy it can never reach). In face of the global oligarchy (allied to Protestant nothingness) arrogantly imposing itself, the issues have clearly not gone away, yet only Anarchy retains some of the old force. But this&nbsp; is actually a hopeful situation since Europe is only more advanced into decadence than&nbsp; Greece. Anarchy&nbsp; is&nbsp; only&nbsp; a retrogression&nbsp; compared to the disillusion following Marxism in the sense of not having advanced so far into intellectual sophistries and poorly-founded hopes. And to close with a brief note, this workers’ movement both was dedicated to leaving behind Christianity yet also had some Christian or militant components.</p>
<p>In this vein, there exists both moralizing critique and a moralistic critique of morality in Anarchy, but elaborating a reasonable relation to ethics is surely on the agenda. Should we not rather leave others in the movement to be as mistaken or correct as they wish to be, since the true exists on its own, even in a world of falsity? Moreover, if we had more distinction in Thought we would find not absolute evil everywhere else except for the small circle of true believers (from whom we are always focused on excluding the impure). Rather people are not as supportive as we would have liked; or not at the level of their past behavior; or not at our own way of thinking, which is not the same as absolute evil. This idea or popular morality was itself suited to a time when a small movement confronted a gigantic world opposing it and so could pose an abstract negation to the world, since the relation really was such. Now that the chance to determinately negate a society actually poses itself (by which is meant destruction of the State without the reconstruction of a new State) we will find the need for much more distinction to bring about this goal successfully. To lump everyone together under one label is not fit for the moment, just as Anarchy as a movement already makes a tactical distinction between the Nazified police and Golden Dawn, on the one hand, and on the other hand, Syriza and many other groups. This is quite correct as these social forces are really quite different and the point is to see in what ways they are different and how the movement has to relate to this. Revolutions have always differentiated between officers and soldiers, volunteers and conscripts. Great tacticians have always known to give the enemy a “golden bridge”, as Kutuzov famously gave to Napoleon, as the Ancient Greeks gave to the Persians, to facilitate the disbandment. In a world where there are no more kings to kill, no real power but institutions and networks, it would certainly be a grave mistake not to allow things <br />to disintegrate as much as they will. To oppose to everyone the abstract levelling of death, which is itself already the principle of this dying world, would be a serious error.&nbsp; After all, the world of today is literally dying because it really is total deprivation and incapacity for any good—there is no good left in the official world and this is inherently related to its debility.</p>
<p>Similarly, Anarchy can make distinctions amongst itself without needing to impose a “one Anarchy” type of model. Or, put in another way, the “one Anarchy” would be all the different anarchies allowed and then something more, as the sum greater than its parts.</p>
<p>Anarchy would then realize it has a richness in itself that is basically&nbsp; a microcosm of the richness of the actual world outside of it in all its changing shapes and individuals. So that the society knows Anarchy<br />as&nbsp; the secret of its own&nbsp; dissolution, but&nbsp; Anarchy&nbsp; knows&nbsp; itself&nbsp; as<br />dissolution embodied.<br />The old esoteric&nbsp; view of&nbsp; German&nbsp; Idealism, of developments in speculative Thought&nbsp; and&nbsp; events&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; French&nbsp; Revolution&nbsp; corresponding&nbsp; (so&nbsp; Kant&nbsp; was simply the&nbsp; beginning&nbsp; in&nbsp; 1789, Fichte was&nbsp; its revolutionary phase, and Hegel the phase of victorious Bonapartism) also continued along in Lukács, where the development of the theory of revolution is linked to the reality of revolution itself. This is a quite enlightening way of viewing things and then we would see that the Thoughts in Anarchy express the world, not simply of phenomenal reality, but the world of Thought.</p>
<p>However this is correlated to the acts of Anarchy that also express the actual reality of the world today. This strange feeling anyone gets in a riot as the riot police are repelled by a deluge of Molotovs and this strange, curious,&nbsp; black feeling, the possession of a shocking new form of Liberty, as the riot police are forced to retreat, when the crowd still has possession of the street—all this can only happen because the spiritual state of the official world already is in a morbid sickness. Nothing can be destroyed that has much life in it; a healthy body recovers from a common cold. And the unconscious “anarchy” of white collar crime, intellectual confusion, the mass of suicides, imperialist wars, the surveillance state etc. is only expressing that the real truth of the moment is the conscious Anarchy for revolution. The real “truth” of the shopping glass window lies in its shattering or shuttering.</p>
<p>As Hegel tells us, History is the history of the advance of Liberty: to resurrect this idealist schema, we simply need add one more new form, that of penultimate liberty, of Anarchy.</p>
<p>Talking about the assemblies might be unwanted, but it should be stated. The assembly is most certainly a valuable tool for political organization. No one has ever denied that. However, the real question is: can a political movement always relate amongst itself in a directly democratic manner, and is this always profitable? Let us take the Villa Amalias eviction as an example, since this was when&nbsp; The Barbarian&nbsp; was founded and was quite a big event. To set the scene, afterwards everyone went for a cacophonous assembly at the&nbsp; polytechnic, with shouting and&nbsp; gesticulation for hours until finally people trickled off. The end result was much the same as what everyone&nbsp; was thinking at the beginning: there was&nbsp; the decision for a big collective march. Finally the firebombings that also took place afterwards, which most people probably supported or tolerated, could not have been collectively discussed in&nbsp; that manner.&nbsp; Thus the assembly&nbsp; does not&nbsp; solve everything, nor can everything be put to an assembly. Moreover did the assembly introduce&nbsp; anything new or rather was&nbsp; there already a basically collective sentiment in favor of a march? This is simply to reduce the assembly to its important but by no means all-embracing role, as the democratic assembly is not a panacea but a means of managing political differences. This would also be related to the classical observation that no political form is perfect and the most ideal form of politics is a mixture of the elements. More than anything the aim is a feeling of unity in a community. However, a political movement within itself has little political differences, almost self-evidently. It already has that unity. Thus the debate that takes place is either a caricature of a real debate that would take place in an open forum in any random neighborhood assembly, or a tactical debate that in many cases cannot be conducted openly, for clear reasons.</p>
<p>This curious or redundant character of some assemblies stems from the basic fact that the political unity is already there. Thus the question is immediately not “what to do” but “how to do it”, whereas real political debate demands a question of “what”, and then of “how”. Assemblies should most certainly be exported outside of specifically anarchist spaces (the polytechnic) to take part in a real collective life—and this is already happening. On the other hand though, this means the assembly is revealing its true function as a mass participative form of political education, not as something suitable for every occasion for a minority of militants. Just because armed struggle and other actions cannot be conducted or proposed in an assembly do not render them bad, simply it connects the moment of war with a monarchical or aristocratic type of decision, with which historically it was always associated, even in democracies.</p>
<p>Finally, what exists in the assemblies is in no way a pure direct democracy but because of the small and self-referential nature of the Anarchist community, it is always-already touched by the social scene and with other political forms like aristocracy. But this in no way is to say a thing is bad (unless we have the one-sided equation that only democracy&nbsp; = good), however it is to say honestly&nbsp; what a thing is.</p>
<p>* * *</p>
<p>Something to note, since it is unavoidable: Nihilist currents of anarchy are not the orphans abandoned on the doorstep of an unsuspecting Greek Anarchy, as was noted quite some time ago (by London&nbsp; Occupied in&nbsp; their&nbsp; work Revolt and Crisis in Greece). On the positive side, we again have to agree with Hegel that a split often confirms the vitality of a principle itself: since both sides find that what they thought was&nbsp; the outside world&nbsp; was in fact inside their movement, forcing them to realize that they never really left the outside world. And that this outside world, while touching the anarchist space, also is becoming touched by it in quite real ways. Then perhaps some potential would exist as the self-clarification is forced upon the two sides. This could become not the mirrored replication of a negative definition but the stimulus for elaboration of positive projects. As always, every difficult situation presents us with the truth&nbsp; of the great proverb that crisis is both a danger and an opportunity.</p>
<p>But assuredly more fruitful than discussing the well- worn polemic of non-social and social anarchy would no doubt be armed struggle and who does and does not support the tactic. Immediately&nbsp; we would find the need to make more gradations in Thought, between those who support unconditionally, some support more cautiously, some do not think it is the right time, a few are unconditionally against, etc.&amp;c. This would help clarify things more and would show where Anarchy has a chance to go as the crisis situation deepens and where chances for some practical unity, even from different angles, might lie. From our own Northern history, the Calvinists and Lutherans of different countries all did work together to protect themselves against Catholic reaction in the 30 Years’ War. There were problems, but this did take place. From our anarchist history, Spain had many different stripes of Anarchists, and yes, even left Marxists working together in a fashion. The point is not to have perfect examples since everyone can point out the problems in these situations, but to establish the idea that in the heat of struggle, groups of different goals and forms can work together for tactical objectives, especially if they are committed to everyone making a tiny sacrifice on their own to achieve a collective objective.</p>
<p>As an aside, there was a positive debate in the anarchist space concerning anonymity and identity, to which we point our readers and which is available at Contrainfo in English (A Debate on Anonymity). The issue concerned being anonymous or proclaiming a group name for radical actions undertaken. At any rate, philosophy always is concerned with finding unity in division. Here, we can find that both sides are anarchists, they agree on violent tactics (itself already an advance over typical Protestant debates) and where they disagree are on particular tactical matters concerning the presentation of acts of sabotage. But for us, the particular and contingent character of various acts already implies an impossibility of assigning any position normatively, since the real question at hand is the singular <br />meaning of each action and the liberty of the actors to decide the question: would a formal organization, or an anonymous, or a pseudonymous, or no claim of responsibility at all, give more meaning to the acts performed? And also what are the actors themselves trying to communicate and how does this function?</p>
<p>So perhaps in this way, at a philosophical level we may say&nbsp; that we&nbsp; have found ourselves again at Hegel’s dictum of the “identity of identity and non-identity”.&nbsp; What should be underlined&nbsp; is the positive fact that the debate was conducted in texts at a reasonably high level (varying interpretations&nbsp; of Homer, something always to be commended) and clearly laid out the contending positions in basically de-personalized texts. Thus the final result of the debate was not winning for either side, as it so rarely is, but a positive gain for Anarchy as a whole, and offers a model of how to raise and manage differences in a type of theoretical forum.</p>
<p>* * *</p>
<p>If Anarchy is not able to resolve these problems, then it is clear one runs the danger of the unhappy prior experiences of either the French, Russian or Spanish variety of revolution. It might degenerate into factional violence and from there degrade into the unrewarding victories of betrayed revolution in France or Russia. Or on the other hand, it may be too spiritually weak and not have enough faith in itself to push its goals to completion as in Spain. Without a way for managing differences and resolving conflicts in a fashion other&nbsp; than that of the Greek village— constant&nbsp; informal&nbsp; discussions and&nbsp; explosions of&nbsp; emotion, threats of physical violence and appeals to the elders to act as arbitrators—Anarchy does run serious dangers as its importance becomes ever more serious. Especially if we have taken Anarchy to mean not a revolutionary self-discipline but no discipline at all, which anyone could imagine might develop poorly in stateless scenarios. But to point out a danger, in no way implies it is certain to happen.&nbsp; To take a part,&nbsp; however small, in a constructive process is the best way of ensuring that an unhappy outcome will not take place. Happily, the problems are small right now. Yet that is not a reason to ignore them or brush them under the rug, just to avoid a momentary discomfort. If these little issues are ignored, like a small wound or a minor illness, they can fester and get much more serious. While if they are treated with the healthful tonic of frank but respectful proliferation of discussion and resolve at an individual level to carry out the ideas, then they will no doubt help the organism grow stronger—even if this in itself is not the ultimate solution to every problem.&nbsp; Finally, this will also help the lands with less developed movements to expand and grow. So the issues are, as the Greek developments themselves, both specific and universal, just as we are dealing here not with any one incident but general trends.</p>
<p>Thus, that is the reason for this intervention and for most of the articles in this issue. Basically these are ideas that are fairly common and have come up repeatedly in our discussions with others. So there is not anything new being presented nor is there the tacit assumption of a lack of thought in Greek Anarchy; rather, what is at stake here is a bringing-out into the best form and a reasonable manner of presentation, attempted in a respectful way. These&nbsp; last are also not new to Greek Anarchy, but in our view these are some things that could most certainly and profitably be multiplied in the movement.</p>
<p>* * *</span></span></b></span><br /><span style="color: #f4cccc;"><b><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></b></span><br /><span style="color: #f4cccc;"><b><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></b></span><br /><span style="color: #f4cccc;"><b><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">source: <a href="http://thebarbarianreview.wordpress.com/">http://thebarbarianreview.wordpress.com/</a></span></span></b></span></div>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/07/08/intervention-to-greek-anarchist-movement-by-the-barbarians/">Intervention (to Greek Anarchist movement) by The Barbarians</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>&#8220;Neoliberalism as Social Necrophilia: The Case of Greece&#8221; By Panayota Gounari</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/07/01/neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece-by-panayota-gounari/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Jul 2014 00:01:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Global movement]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Global Civil War]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;You can use the 600 Euros that you will find on me to pay our health insurance. I paid the rent yesterday. I am sorry, my daughter, I could not take more suffering just to put a warm plate on the table &#8211; a bloody plate. Make sure that our daughter goes to college and never leave her alone. She should get the house that we have in the village.&#8221; This is the suicide note of a 50-year-old woman to her husband. She jumped off a high wall in Crete, Greece, last week and is hospitalized in critical condition. She</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/07/01/neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece-by-panayota-gounari/">&#8220;Neoliberalism as Social Necrophilia: The Case of Greece&#8221; By Panayota Gounari</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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<p><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>&#8220;You can use the 600 Euros that you will find on me to pay our  health insurance. I paid the rent yesterday. I am sorry, my daughter, I  could not take more suffering just to put a warm plate on the table &#8211; a  bloody plate. Make sure that our daughter goes to college and never  </i></span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>leave her alone. She should get the house that we have in the village.&#8221;</i></span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><br /></span>  <span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">This is the suicide note of a 50-year-old woman to her husband. She  jumped off a high wall in Crete, Greece, last week and is hospitalized  in critical condition. She is one more victim of the deepening </span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">financial  crisis that is trying the limits of Greek people since 2008. According  to the Greek Census Bureau, there has been a 43 percent increase in  suicides in austerity-chained Greece since the beginning of the crisis.  Unofficial accounts bring the number to 4,000 deaths so far.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Greece is the most recent and historically </span></b></span></span></p>
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<p><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">unprecedented neoliberal  experiment on a global scale. The neoliberal offensive is moving head on  in the country and, if Chile &#8220;was the laboratory for the early phases,  Greece has become the laboratory for an even more fierce  implementation.&#8221;(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#I">1</a>) What we have in place right now in Greece can be best described as the &#8220;downsizing of a country&#8221;(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#II">2</a>)  that brings profound changes in its social and economic fabric.  Greece&#8217;s economy has shrunk by nearly one-third since 2007, and the debt  has become unmanageable. Through cut-throat austerity measures, massive  privatizations and cuts in the most sensitive sectors of public  education and public health, the constant process of  de-industrialization and the loss of sovereignty, it looks like &#8220;Greece  will emerge as a poorer country, with a diminished productive base, with  reduced sovereignty, [and] with a political class accustomed to almost  neo-colonial forms of supervision.&#8221;(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#III">3</a>)</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">I glance through snapshots in the news: grim faces, desperate eyes,  angry gazes, frustration, and, most of all, fear. The city of Athens is  slowly turning into a cemetery for the living. The transformation of the  city, both as a physical and as a symbolic space, is shocking to the  eye; as a public space and a habitat for its people, it now gets  fragmented into deserted stores &#8220;for rent,&#8221; broken façades and  abandonment apartment windows and balcony doors tightly locked behind  iron bars for &#8220;extra safety,&#8221; carton beds and, along them, homeless  people&#8217;s possessions: an old dirty blanket, oversized worn out sneakers,  plastic flowers, empty water bottles, stale bread. Different parts of  the city palpably illustrate a degenerating social fabric, as more  Greeks are now joining the ranks of what Zygmunt Bauman has called  &#8220;human waste&#8221;(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#IV">4</a>):  unemployed, working poor, immigrants, all the outcasts, victims of  &#8220;economic progress,&#8221; preys of rampant neoliberal policies, &#8220;casualties,&#8221;  real victims to what the Greek prime minister has recently called a  &#8220;success story&#8221; on the road to privatization and the wholesale of  Greece&#8217;s national assets and sovereignty.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Greece is radically and violently transformed into the land field of  &#8220;wasted lives&#8221; in the giant trashcan of global capitalism. Witnessing as  I do this novel form of social necrophilia that eats alive every inch  of human life, workspace and public space, I cringe at the sound of the  words &#8220;sacrifice,&#8221; &#8220;rescue&#8221; and making Greece, according to the claims  of Greek PM Antonis Samaras, a &#8220;success story.&#8221; Whose sacrifice and  whose rescue? Who succeeds and who loses? Numbers are telling.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Unemployment rates are currently climbing to 30 percent, the same  percentage Greece had in 1961. As a point of comparison, unemployment in  the United States in 1929 was 25 percent, and in Argentina in 2001, it  was 30 percent. More than 70 percent of the unemployed have been out of  work for more than a year, leaving most to rely on charity after losing  monthly benefit payments and health insurance.&nbsp;This percentage does not  include young people seeking a job for the first time, employees without  insurance and part-timers. Unemployment is up 41 percent from 2011, and  for those 15-24, it has reached 51.1 percent, doubling in only three  years (<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#V">5</a>) and setting a negative record for a Eurozone country.(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#VI">6</a>)</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">The IMF/European Central Bank recipe is generating wealth in the  global financial casino, while 31 percent of Greeks live at risk of  poverty, according to Eurostat (2012). These statistics put Greece in  seventh place in poverty percentages among the 27 EU countries. More  specifically, in Greece: 28.7 percent of children up to 17 years old;  27.7 percent of the population between ages 27-64; and 26.7 percent of  Greeks older than 65 live in the poverty threshold.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></p>
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<h3><span style="color: magenta;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">By social necrophilia, I mean . . . economic policies and austerity  measures that result in the physical, material, social and financial  destruction of human beings . . .</span></span></span></h3>
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<p><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">There is an 11.8 percent increase in child poverty, raising the number of poor children to 465,000 in 2011.(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#VII">7</a>)  The Greek social and welfare state has been collapsing through  draconian cuts in wages and pensions, massive layoffs and the violation  of vested rights, of labor laws and of collective bargaining rights. All  collective bargaining expired on May 14, 2013, and it has been replaced  by individual contracts where workers become hostages of their  employers. Base salary went tumbling down to 500 Euros monthly (400 for  young people) &#8211; not to mention a retroactive salary cut of 22 percent  (32 percent for youth) in February 2012.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">In March 2013, the government announced additional pension cuts of up  to 20 percent. According to the Labor Institute of the National  Confederation of Greek Workers (2012), new measures dictated by the  Troika (the European Central Bank, the European Commission and the  International Monetary Fund) will lead to at least a 35 percent  deterioration of salaried employees&#8217; and pensioners&#8217; lives. As an  example, since the beginning of 2011, 113,268 people have disconnected  their telephone landlines to decrease expenses. With a 19 percent  increase in the cost of electricity, 350,000 people now live without  electricity in Athens. Additional taxes on property have ravaged the  middle class that is now &#8220;paying rent&#8221; in their own houses through new  taxes and fines imposed. Quality of life is radically deteriorating for  Greek people.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">This neoliberal experiment, as currently implemented in Greece,  breeds destructiveness and death and resonates with forms of &#8220;social  necrophilia.&#8221; By social necrophilia, I mean the blunt organized effort  on the part of the domestic political system and foreign neoliberal  centers to implement economic policies and austerity measures that  result in the physical, material, social and financial destruction of  human beings: policies that promote death, whether physical or symbolic.  The goal of the ongoing capitalist offensive in the form of a  neoliberal doctrine is to destroy symbolically and physically the most  vulnerable strata of the population, to put the entire society in a  moribund state to impose the most unprecedented austerity measures that  generate profit for the most privileged classes internationally.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Erich Fromm, Frankfurt School philosopher, social psychologist and  psychoanalyst, provides both a metaphor from the realm of psychiatry, as  well as the tools to make the case for a reified market society that is  being forced to start loving death: its own. In his seminal work on the  <i>Anatomy of Human Destructiveness&nbsp;</i>(1973),&nbsp;Fromm defines  necrophilia as &#8220;the passionate attraction to all that is dead, decayed,  putrid, sickly; it is the passion to transform that which is alive into  something unalive; to destroy for the sake of destruction; the exclusive  interest in all that is purely mechanical. It is the passion to tear  apart living structures.&#8221;(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#VIII">8</a>)</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">In the case of the Greek neoliberal experiment, however, beyond  destroying for the sake of destruction, there are real economic  interests at stake. There are bets and speculations in casino  capitalism, and the game is on in Greece for banks and other large  financial organizations. Social necrophilia here can be understood as  the state of decay, the material and social degeneration of society, and  the destruction of social fabric, where illness and death loom for the  poor as a result of an economy dying through specific political choices  while profit goes to big banks and multinational corporations. Love of  death or the&nbsp;<i>politics of social necrophilia</i>&nbsp;can be illustrated  in Greece in a) the rise of fascism and b) the shocking increase in  illness, suicide, addiction and spread of infectious diseases since the  beginning of the crisis.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Fascism</b></span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">In the <i>Anatomy of Human Destructiveness</i>&nbsp;(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#IX">9</a>)  Fromm makes the case that necrophilia is a product of fascist thought,  as he discusses the example of Spanish Falangists who used to shout,  &#8220;long live death.&#8221; Fascism finds expression both in government  discourses and policies as well as in the rise of neo-Nazi Party Golden  Dawn. Love of death is currently manifested in Greece in that rise of  Golden Dawn.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></p>
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<h3><span style="color: magenta;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">In a necrophilous state of affairs, the system in charge operates  with the conviction that the only way to solve a problem or a conflict  is by force and violence, both symbolic and material, usually failing to  see other options.</span></span></span></h3>
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<p><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">In the context of the Greek crisis, a new form of political  domination has emerged, a renewed model of fascism, or another example  of &#8220;proto-fascism.(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#X">10</a>)  The elected Greek coalition government has been systematically  violating the Greek Constitution and shaking the foundations of  parliamentary democracy by establishing a &#8220;side system&#8221; of legislation.  Using &#8220;urgent legislative decrees&#8221; indiscriminately and regularly, the  coalition government is bypassing Greek legislation to facilitate  privatizations and sellouts. In addition, there is an institutionalized  instability: Laws keep changing, and many laws are voted in and  implemented with retroactive effect.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Beyond the constant constitutional violations, the disappearing  public space is a central feature of Greek proto-fascism. The landscape  taking shape since 2009 is not too far from the kind of totalitarianism  Hannah Arendt wrote about: a &#8220;totalitarian government does not just  curtail liberties or abolish essential freedoms; . . . It destroys the  one essential prerequisite of all freedom, which is simply the capacity  of motion which cannot exist without space.&#8221;(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#XI">11</a>)</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Motion is not only inhibited and/or prohibited, as for example, in  the case of prohibiting demonstrations in the center of Athens when  Troika officials visit, a practice reminiscent of the curfews during the  German occupation of the &#8217;40s. Furthermore, what motion there is, is  watched, with heightened surveillance and cameras installed throughout  Athens. In a necrophilous state of affairs, the system in charge  operates with the conviction that the only way to solve a problem or a  conflict is by force and violence, both symbolic and material, usually  failing to see other options. This also explains the increased  exponential violence employed by the state the last five years as  manifested in shutting down protests, criminalizing dissent and activism  and torturing arrested protesters as well as pre-emptive arrests in  every mobilization.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Alongside symbolic violence manifested in economic, political and  discursive form, there is an intensified move toward militarization and  authoritarianism. To this end, and while massive layoffs are taking  place in the public sector, the Greek state spends more money on hiring  and training law enforcement officers. More interestingly, there are  close ties between the police and the neo-Nazi party Golden Dawn, whose  members are nostalgic of Hitler and the 1967 Colonels&#8217; Junta. Golden  Dawn &#8211; now pronounced a criminal organization &#8211; is involved in running  &#8220;paramilitary operations that systematically attacked migrants, leftists  and gay people.&#8221;(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#XII">12</a>)  Eighteen of its MPs are already incarcerated, and a number of its  members have been involved in violent attacks, gun possession and even  murder as in the fatal brutal beating of Pakistani immigrant Shehzad  Luqman and the cold-blooded murder of Pavlos Fyssas, a young leftist  anti-fascist activist and rapper.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">The &#8220;public&#8221; is being abolished in favor of the private, through a  process of devaluation, vilification and degradation. A case in point is  the ongoing demonization of public functionaries, public school  teachers and university professors, and doctors working in the public  system of health as lazy, incompetent, in need of constant evaluation  and with the Damocles sword of investigation should they dare to  disagree. Everything &#8220;public&#8221; is left to decay, by cutting off funding,  staff and support and creating a fertile space for corruption and  violent competition.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></p>
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<h3><span style="color: magenta;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Malaria, a disease officially eliminated 40 years ago, also made a comeback in 2012.</span></span></span></h3>
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<p><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Public schools lack books and other materials, and in many areas in  the north of Greece, children stay at home on very cold days because  schools cannot afford to heat the classrooms. Teachers are suffering  terrible cuts in their salaries, and universities barely meet their  minimum functional needs with cuts in laboratory and support staff that  hinder the appropriate working of the departments.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The Decaying Body</b></span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">&#8220;It&#8217;s simple. You get hungry, you get dizzy and you sleep it off,&#8221;  &nbsp;said the mother of an 11-year old boy who has been suffering hunger  pains at school.(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#XIII">13</a>)</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Necrophilia is further manifested in physical terms in the ways the  human body is degenerating, ravaged by illness, malnutrition, drug  abuse, HIV and suicide. People looking for food in the trash. There are  homeless people in every corner; mini slum communities all over downtown  Athens. Walking south, toward the center, thousands of people wait in  line to be served food by soup kitchens that provide over 30,000 free  meals a day. Plenty of people queue up for possibly the only meal of  their day. Welcome to the &#8220;human waste&#8221; line.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">The Greek governments that assumed the role of the executioners of  IMF/EU directives since the beginning of the crisis in 2008 have  demonstrated a particularly necrophilous character, and they have done  so unapologetically. Αn increasing number of children have been passing  out in schools because of malnutrition; there are embarrassing shortages  in public hospitals, where patients often have to buy their own gauze  and medication from an outside pharmacy while admitted. People without  health insurance with severe illnesses do not have access to treatment.  Malaria, a disease officially eliminated 40 years ago, also made a  comeback in 2012, with cases being noted in eastern Attica and the  Peloponnese.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">There are increasing numbers of suicides (close to a 43 percent hike)  that rank Greece number one worldwide in suicides the past five years.  There are alarming new cases of depression and mental illnesses. A  recent study conducted by the University of Ioannina found that one in  five people facing financial problems presents psychopathological  symptoms. There is also a 200 percent increase in HIV cases.(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#XIV">14</a>)  At the same time, significant funding is cut from psychiatric  hospitals, public drug rehabilitation centers and other social and  welfare provisions while the system tries to &#8220;abort&#8221; vulnerable social  groups such as HIV-positive women, drug users and people with mental  illness.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">With the 40 percent surcharge the government has slapped on heating  oil, thousands of households have remained cold during the winter while  people are returning to wood stoves, the out-of-control use of which has  generated poisonous toxic smog over the city of Athens. Bodily decay  goes hand in hand with environmental destruction: Greek soil is ravaged  as mineral resources are overexploited in the name of profit. Large  forest areas, such as the Skouries forest in Halkidiki, are turning into  vast mining sites, where private companies exploit the natural wealth  of the country, while poisoning the soil, the air and the water.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></p>
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<h3><span style="color: magenta;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The more human qualities are attributed to the markets, the more real people are robbed of their own human substance.</span></span></span></h3>
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<p><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">It is a challenging and complicated task to try to explain Greek  people&#8217;s lack of massive organized resistance the last five years given  the radical deterioration of their living conditions. There is almost a  reconciliation with death looming everywhere; people are slowly getting  used to terror. The initial manifestations &#8211; gatherings in squares,  protests and other acts of disobedience &#8211; did not acquire a more  organized and consistent character, despite small local victories and  the existence of a movement that daily struggles on many levels and  sites. The power elites used the initial shock and paralysis to spread  fear through what Naomi Klein has termed the &#8220;shock doctrine.&#8221; It is  common practice for business interests and power elites to exploit  shocks in the form of natural disasters, economic problems, or political  turmoil, as an opportunity to aggressively restructure vulnerable  countries&#8217; economies. In this vein, popular resistance and dissent are  squashed through symbolic and material fear and violence ranging from  &#8220;catastrophic&#8221; discourses in the media to very real torture and  repression.(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#XV">15</a>)</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Shock helps the system implement antisocial and harmful policies that  citizens would normally object to. Being in a state of shock as a  country, says Klein, means losing your narrative, being unable to  understand where you are in space and time. The state of shock is easy  to exploit because people become vulnerable and confused. They are  robbed of their vital tools for understanding themselves and their  position in the sociopolitical context. People become unalive things and  the market becomes alive. While people are slowly losing their  humanity, with the government abandoning its social and welfare  functions, &#8220;markets&#8221; become the new referent people should care and  worry about, as if they were something alive.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Although lifeless things, markets acquire a soul and a character in  the neoliberal discourse. One can observe an interesting phenomenon in  the official government discourse, loyally reproduced by mainstream  media: a continuous attempt to ascribe human properties to markets. The  &#8220;market&#8221; as a noun, subject or object, is projected as the overarching  authority, above and beyond everybody, the entity that should be kept  happy and satisfied &#8211; another manifestation of necrophilia as people  have to die to keep the market alive. The anthropomorphism of the market  is illustrated when &#8220;markets&#8221; are used in the mainstream media in  sentences such as &#8220;the markets showed satisfaction today&#8221; or &#8220;the market  is struggling,&#8221; and &#8220;we need to convince the markets,&#8221; &#8220;we should  appease the markets,&#8221; or &#8220;let&#8217;s wait and see how the markets respond.&#8221;  The invisible market&#8217;s &#8220;reactions&#8221; give legitimacy to the &#8220;human  sacrifices,&#8221; as all &#8220;market feelings&#8221; depend on increasing antisocial  austerity measures that relegate a large part of Greek productive  population to the unemployment trashcan. The more human qualities are  attributed to the markets, the more real people are robbed of their own  human substance. It seems as if the system needs to dehumanize people to  &#8220;humanize&#8221; the market and then, possibly re-humanize them in the new  market society, as a new kind of people robbed of any sense of agency.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">In the Greek people&#8217;s quest to find their lost narrative, to &#8220;renarrativise&#8221; themselves in a collective way (<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#XVI">16</a>),  the ability to consciously disobey and to fill the concept of hope with  a real, feasible political project are two very important imperatives.  To paraphrase Fromm, at this point in Greek history &#8220;the capacity to  doubt, to criticize and to disobey&#8221;(<a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece#XVII">17</a>)  may be all that stands between the future for this country and its end.  In articulating a political project and a narrative against capitalist  necrophilia, there is a need to put at the core critical and radical  thought that, when blended with the love of life, may take the struggle  to the next level. Instead of getting confined to reforming or amending  the current situation, people need to strive to imagine that which is  not, desire it and work hard to make it happen.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">* This article draws on my forthcoming book chapter &#8220;Neoliberalism as  Social Necrophilia: Erich Fromm and The Politics of Hopelessness in  Greece&#8221; to appear in Miri, S., Lake, R. &amp; Kress, T. <i>Reclaiming the Sane Society: Essays on Erich Fromm&#8217;s Thought</i>. Boston: Sense Publishers.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="I">1.</a> Hall, S., Massey, D. &amp; Rustin, M. (2013). <i>After Neoliberalism: Analyzing the Present</i>. In Hall, S., Massey, D. &amp; Rustin, M. (Eds.) <i>After Neoliberalism? The Kilburn Manifesto;</i>&nbsp;London, UK: Soundings, p. 12.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="II">2.</a> Sotiris, P. (2012). <a href="http://greekleftreview.wordpress.com/2012/09/17/greece-the-downsizing-of-a-country/" target="_blank"><i>The Downsizing of a Country</i></a>.&nbsp;</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="III">3.</a> Ibid.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="IV">4.</a> Bauman Z. (2004). <i>Wasted Lives: Modernity and its Outcasts</i>. Cambridge, UK: Polity, p. 4.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="V">5.</a><i>INE GSEE/ADEDY</i>. (2012). Greek economy and employment: Yearly Report 2012. Athens, Greece.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="VI">6.</a> Eurozone Unemployment Reaches New High (2013, January 8). <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20943292" target="_blank">BBC</a>&nbsp;</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="VII">7.</a> Greek National Committee of UNICEF. (2003). State of Children in Greece 2013. Athens: Greece.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="VIII">8.</a> Fromm, E. (1973). <i>The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness.</i> New York: Henry Holt, p. 369.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="IX">9.</a> Ibid</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="X">10.</a> Giroux, 2008, p. 21-22). Giroux, H. (2008). <i>Against the Terror of Neoliberalism Politics Beyond the Age of Greed</i>. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="XI">11.</a>&nbsp;Hannah Arendt <i>The Origins of Totalitarianism (</i>1973, p. 466)</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="XII">12.&nbsp;</a><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/02/greece-golden-dawn-new-party-banned-polls" target="_blank">The Guardian</a><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/02/greece-golden-dawn-new-party-banned-polls"><br /></a></span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="XIII">13.</a> Alderman, L. (2013, April 17). More Children in Greece are going Hungry. The New York Times.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="XIV">14.</a> Henley, J. (2013, May 15). <a href="http://truth-out.org/%20http:/www.theguardian.com/society/2013/may/15/recessions-hurt-but-austerity-kills" target="_blank">Recessions</a> can hurt but Austerity kills.&nbsp;</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="XV">15.</a> Klein: Klein, N. (2008). <i>The Shock Doctrine</i>. New York: Henry Holt.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="XVI">&nbsp;</a>16. Edmonds, L. (2013, April 26) &#8220;Is Greece in Shock?&#8221; Naomi Klein tells Enet how her bestseller <i>The Shock Doctrine</i> relates to Greece. <a href="http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&amp;sl=el&amp;u=http://www.enet.gr/&amp;prev=/search%3Fq%3DEleytherotypia%26espv%3D2%26es_sm%3D91%26biw%3D1042%26bih%3D723" target="_blank">Eleytherotypia Online</a>.</span></b></span></span><br /><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"></span></b></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">17. Fromm, 1981</span></b></span></span></p>
<div><span style="color: white;">    </span></p>
<h2><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://truth-out.org/author/itemlist/user/46223">Panayota Gounari</a></span></span></span></h2>
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<div><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">Panayota Gounari is Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics  at the University of Massachusetts Boston. Her research focuses on the  politics of language in the construction of neoliberal discourses in  education and society, as well as on reinventing a theory for critical  pedagogy. She is a co-editor of Critical Pedagogy: A Reader (Gutenberg  2010, with George Grollios) and and a co-author of the Hegemony of  English (Paradigm 2003). She has authored numerous articles and book  chapters that have been translated in many languages.</span></b></span></span></p>
<p><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;">source: <a href="http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece" target="_blank">http://truth-out.org/news/item/22584-neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece </a></span></b></span></span></div>
<p><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
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<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/07/01/neoliberalism-as-social-necrophilia-the-case-of-greece-by-panayota-gounari/">&#8220;Neoliberalism as Social Necrophilia: The Case of Greece&#8221; By Panayota Gounari</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>S.O.S Greek coastline is destroyed by private interests and Greek government. The paradigm of the destruction of Spain&#8217;s coastline / Η Καταστροφή της Ισπανικής ακτογραμμής παράδειγμα για το μέλλον των Ελληνικών ακτών!</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/05/05/s-o-s-greek-coastline-is-destroyed-by-private-interests-and-greek-government-the-paradigm-of-the-destruction-of-spains-coastline-%ce%b7-%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%b1%cf%83%cf%84%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%86%ce%ae/</link>
					<comments>https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/05/05/s-o-s-greek-coastline-is-destroyed-by-private-interests-and-greek-government-the-paradigm-of-the-destruction-of-spains-coastline-%ce%b7-%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%b1%cf%83%cf%84%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%86%ce%ae/#respond</comments>
		
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		<pubDate>Mon, 05 May 2014 08:40:00 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>As the far-right government in Greece is preparing a new law that allows the destruction of Greek coast-line by private interests and all kinds of capitalist&#8217;s investments we publish here a serial of photos from Spain where anyone can see clear the destructive effects of capitalistic development in Mediterranean environment. We are asking all people of Europe to fight for the defense of Greek coast-line and the paradesiac Greek beaches from destructive Greek government and private interests. To understand what they try to do in Greece you can see the total destruction of coast-line in Spain. Καθώς η ακροδεξιά κυβέρνηση</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/05/05/s-o-s-greek-coastline-is-destroyed-by-private-interests-and-greek-government-the-paradigm-of-the-destruction-of-spains-coastline-%ce%b7-%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%b1%cf%83%cf%84%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%86%ce%ae/">S.O.S Greek coastline is destroyed by private interests and Greek government. The paradigm of the destruction of Spain&#8217;s coastline / Η Καταστροφή της Ισπανικής ακτογραμμής παράδειγμα για το μέλλον των Ελληνικών ακτών!</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/greecehamadetravel.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br />
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/crete-resorts-elafonisi.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/crete-resorts-elafonisi.jpg" width="400" height="225" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/kos-paradise.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/kos-paradise.jpg" width="400" height="265" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/photo61.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/photo61.jpg" width="400" height="298" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<p><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">As the far-right government in Greece is preparing a new law that allows the destruction of Greek coast-line by private interests and all kinds of capitalist&#8217;s investments we publish here a serial of photos from Spain where anyone can see clear the destructive effects of capitalistic development in Mediterranean environment. We are asking all people of Europe to fight for the defense of Greek coast-line and the paradesiac Greek beaches from destructive Greek government and private interests.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">To understand what they try to do in Greece you can see the total destruction of coast-line in Spain.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Καθώς η ακροδεξιά κυβέρνηση στην Ελλάδα ετοιμάζει νόμους που θα επιτρέψουν την καταστροφή της Ελληνικής ακτογραμμής από ιδιωτικά συμφέροντα και κάθε λογής καπιταλιστικές επενδύσεις δημοσιέυουμε εδώ μια σειρά από φωτος από την Ισπανία έτσι ώστε να γίνει ξεκάθαρο στον καθένα το απόλυτα καταστροφικό αποτέλεσμα της καπιταλιστικής ανάπτυξης στο περιβάλλον της Μεσογείου. Ζητάμε από τους ανθρώπους όλης της Ευρώπης να υπερασπιστούν τις παραδείσιες Ελληνικές παραλίες από την καταστροφική Ελληνική Κυβέρνηση και τα ιδιωτικά συμφέροντα. </span></span><br />
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<h1 itemprop="name headline  "><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The destruction of Spain&#8217;s coastline / Η Καταστροφή της Ισπανικής ακτογραμμής</span></span></h1>
<h1 itemprop="name headline  "><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b>In the past two decades the once-beautiful Spanish coastline has been ravaged by the construction of hotels, apartment blocks and second homes. Here are some of the worst examples</b>. </span></b></span></span></h1>
<p><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Τα τελευταία 20 χρόνια αυτό που κάποτε ήταν οι πανέμορφες Ισπανικές παραλίες και ακτές έχει κακοποιηθεί από την κατασκευή ξενοδοχειακών μονάδων, συγκροτημάτων διαμερισμάτων και εξοχικών. Εδώ μπορείτε να δείτε κάποια χαρακτηριστικά παραδείγματα: </span></span><br />
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2005-A-007.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2005-A-007.jpg" width="400" height="267" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<p><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2005: The Azata del Sol complex on the Algarrobico beach in the Cabo de Gata park in Almeria, southern Spain</span></span><br />
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</span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2005: Το οικοδομικό συγκρότημα Azata Del Sol στην παραλία Algarrobico στην Νότια Ισπανία</span></span><br />
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2007-S-006.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2007-S-006.jpg" width="400" height="266" border="0"><span itemprop="description">&nbsp;</span></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">&nbsp;2007: Scores of Greepeace activists disembark in front of the hotel Azata del Sol, Algarrobico, which has been built on the first coastal line of Carboneras, Almeria. The activists painted &#8216;Illegal Hotel&#8217; on the front of the hotel</span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2007: Aκτιβιδτές της Greenpeace γράφουν μπροστά από το ξενοδοχείο </span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;"><span itemprop="description">Azata del Sol που έχει χτιστεί μπροστά στην θάλασσα του Algarrobico &#8220;Παράνομο Ξενοδοχείο&#8221;.&nbsp; </span>&nbsp; </span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2007-N-003.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2007-N-003.jpg" width="400" height="247" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">&nbsp;2007: New holiday homes being built in Altea on Spain&#8217;s Costa Blanca. According to Greenpeace Spain is failing to stop the overbuilding which is destroying its Mediterranean coastline [Caption amended 5 June 2009]&nbsp;</span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2007: Nέες κατοικίες διακοπών στην περιοχή </span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">Altea της Ισπανικής Costa Blanca. Σύμφωνα με την </span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">Greenpeace η Ισπανική κυβέρνηση αποτυγχάνει να σταματήσει την υπερδόμηση που καταστρέφει την Ισπανική ακτογραμμή.</span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-1960-B-011.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-1960-B-011.jpg" width="400" height="282" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">Benidorm as it was in 1960</span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">Το </span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">Benidorm όπως ήταν το 1960</span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2008-T-002.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2008-T-002.jpg" width="400" height="248" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">&nbsp;</span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">Towers in Benidorm on the Costa del Sol, as it is now</span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">Ουρανοξύστες στο </span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;"><span itemprop="description">Benidorm της Costa del Sol όπως είναι σήμερα</span> </span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2007-A-004.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2007-A-004.jpg" width="400" height="225" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2007: A packed beach in Benidorm</span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2007: </span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;"><span itemprop="description"><span itemprop="description">Η παραλία του Benidorm </span></span> </span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-1959-T-010.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-1959-T-010.jpg" width="400" height="256" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">&nbsp; Torremolinos, Costa Del Sol, as it was in 1959</span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;"><span itemprop="description">&nbsp; Η παραλία Torremolinos στην Costa Del Sol, όπως ήταν το 1959</span> </span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2007-T-012.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2007-T-012.jpg" width="400" height="267" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">&nbsp; Torremolinos, Malaga, as it is now</span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;"><span itemprop="description">&nbsp; Η παραλία Torremolinos όπως είναι σήμερα</span> </span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2009-A-008.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2009-A-008.jpg" width="400" height="266" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2009: A view of a building at the beach of Torremolinos, near Malagá</span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2009&nbsp; </span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;"><span itemprop="description">Θέα από την&nbsp; παραλία Torremolinos</span></span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2006-C-005.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2006-C-005.jpg" width="400" height="265" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2006: Construction work close to the Mediteranean sea in Calpe, near Valencia</span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2006: Κατασκευαστικές εργασίες στην Μεσόγειο θάλασσα στο &nbsp; </span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;"><span itemprop="description">Calpe, κοντά στην Valencia</span></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;"><span itemprop="description">&nbsp;</span> </span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2009-B-001.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2009-B-001.jpg" width="400" height="266" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">&nbsp; 2009: Buildings line up at the beach of Cullera near Valencia. The European Parliament has said that Spain is not doing enough to protect individuals and the environment from abuse by developers, construction firm and local government involved in its property sector</span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2009: Οικοδομικά συγκροτήματα στην&nbsp; παραλία&nbsp; </span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">Cullera κοντα στην Valencia. Το Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινοβούλιο δήλωσε πως η Ισπανική κυβέρνηση δεν κάνει αρκετά ώστε να προστατέψει τους κατοίκους της χώρας και το περιβάλλον από τα καταστροφικά σχέδια των επενδυτών &#8220;ανάπτυξης&#8221;, τις κατασκευαστικές εταιρίες και τις τοπικές αρχές που κερδοσκοπούν σε κάθε ένα από αυτά τα σχέδια</span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2008-A-009.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Spanish-coastlines-2008-A-009.jpg" width="400" height="261" border="0"></a></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: small;">         <span itemprop="description">2008: A bulldozer  demolishes a house at Cho Vito village in Tenerife. Civil guard officers  started the planned eviction of 23 families from their houses following  orders to demolish them due to an infringement on the coastal housing  law which prohibits constructions from being closer than 50 metres from  the shoreline.&nbsp;</span></span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">Τhen the doors of development are wide open</span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">2008: Μπουλντόζα διαλύει σπίτια στο παραλιακό χωριό </span><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;"><span itemprop="description">Cho Vito village στην Tenerife. Η τοπική αστυνομία ακολουθόντας διαταγές βασισμένες στο νόμο που απαγορεύει κατοικίες 50μ. απόσταση από την ακτή γκρεμίζει τα σπίτια του παραθαλάσσιου χωριού για να ανοίξει τις πόρτες στην &#8220;ανάπτυξη&#8221;.</span>&nbsp; </span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: yellow;"><span itemprop="description">WHOEVER WANTS TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF GREEK NATURE PREPARED BY THE GREEK GOVERNEMT, E.U. AND GLOBAL CAPITALISM HAS TO UNDERSTAND HOW </span><span itemprop="description"><span itemprop="description">THE SPANISH COASTLINE</span> HAS BEEN DESTROYED FOR EVER .&nbsp;</span></span></b></span></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: yellow;"><span itemprop="description">WE HAVE TO ORGANIZE AND RESIST NOW AS TO DO NOT CRY TOMMOROW. </span></span></b></span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: yellow;"><span itemprop="description">OΠΟΙΟΣ ΘΕΛΕΙ ΝΑ ΚΑΤΑΛΑΒΕΙ ΠΟΙΟ ΜΕΛΛΟΝ ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΟΥΝ ΓΙΑ ΤΙΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΕΣ ΑΚΤΕΣ Η ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΣΗ, Η ΕΥΡΩΠΑΪΚΗ ΕΝΩΣΗ ΚΑΙ Ο ΠΑΓΚΟΣΜΙΟΣ ΚΑΠΙΤΑΛΙΣΜΟΣ ΔΕΝ ΕΧΕΙ ΝΑ ΚΑΝΕΙ ΤΙΠΟΤΑ ΑΛΛΟ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΝΑ ΜΕΛΕΤΗΣΕΙ ΤΗΝ ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΟΦΗ ΤΗΣ ΙΣΠΑΝΙΚΗΣ ΑΚΤΟΓΡΑΜΜΗΣ. ΝΑ ΟΡΓΑΝΩΘΟΥΜΕ ΚΑΙ ΝΑ ΑΝΤΙΣΤΑΘΟΥΜΕ ΤΩΡΑ ΓΙΑ ΝΑ ΜΗΝ ΔΑΚΡΥΖΟΥΜΕ ΑΥΡΙΟ! </span></span></b></span></span></div>
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<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;"><span itemprop="description" style="font-size: small;">source: <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2009/jun/01/spain-construction#/?picture=348167373&amp;index=11">http://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2009/jun/01/spain-construction#/?picture=348167373&amp;index=11</a></span></span></div>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/05/05/s-o-s-greek-coastline-is-destroyed-by-private-interests-and-greek-government-the-paradigm-of-the-destruction-of-spains-coastline-%ce%b7-%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%b1%cf%83%cf%84%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%86%ce%ae/">S.O.S Greek coastline is destroyed by private interests and Greek government. The paradigm of the destruction of Spain&#8217;s coastline / Η Καταστροφή της Ισπανικής ακτογραμμής παράδειγμα για το μέλλον των Ελληνικών ακτών!</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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		<title>The talk of Giorgio Agamben in Athens: &#8220;From the State of Control to a Praxis of Destituent Power&#8221;</title>
		<link>https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/02/06/the-talk-of-giorgio-agamben-in-athens-from-the-state-of-control-to-a-praxis-of-destituent-power/</link>
					<comments>https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/02/06/the-talk-of-giorgio-agamben-in-athens-from-the-state-of-control-to-a-praxis-of-destituent-power/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[voidnetwork]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 06 Feb 2014 13:39:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Athens]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[giorgio agamben coming community activism philosophy no borders]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[State of Exception]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>This is the transcript of a public lecture by Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben delivered to a packed auditorium in Athens on November 16, 2013 and recently published by Chronos e-magazine. A reflection on the destiny of democracy today here in Athens is in some way disturbing, because it obliges us to think the end of democracy in the very place where it was born. As a matter of fact, the hypothesis I would like to suggest is that the prevailing governmental paradigm in Europe today is not only non-democratic, but that it cannot either be considered as political. I will</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/02/06/the-talk-of-giorgio-agamben-in-athens-from-the-state-of-control-to-a-praxis-of-destituent-power/">The talk of Giorgio Agamben in Athens: &#8220;From the State of Control to a Praxis of Destituent Power&#8221;</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-9237" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/aa-300x225.jpg" alt="aa" width="300" height="225" srcset="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/aa-300x225.jpg 300w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/aa-768x576.jpg 768w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/aa-480x360.jpg 480w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/aa-667x500.jpg 667w, https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/aa.jpg 960w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></p>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" href="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/ebros_543x355.jpg"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://voidnetwork.gr/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/ebros_543x355.jpg" width="400" height="261" border="0" /></a></div>
<p><i>This is the transcript of a public lecture by Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben delivered to a packed auditorium in Athens on November 16, 2013 and recently published by <a href="http://www.chronosmag.eu/index.php/g-agamben-for-a-theory-of-destituent-power.html">Chronos</a> e-magazine.</i></p>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">A reflection on the destiny of democracy today here in Athens is in some way disturbing, because it obliges us to think the end of democracy in the very place where it was born. As a matter of fact, the hypothesis I would like to suggest is that the prevailing governmental paradigm in Europe today is not only non-democratic, but that it cannot either be considered as political. I will try therefore to show that European society today is no longer a political society; it is something entirely new, for which we lack a proper terminology and we have therefore to invent a new strategy.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Let me begin with a concept which seems, starting from September 2001, to have replaced any other political notion: security. As you know, the formula “for security reasons” functions today in any domain, from everyday life to international conflicts, as a codeword in order to impose measures that the people have no reason to accept. I will try to show that the real purpose of the security measures is not, as it is currently assumed, to prevent dangers, troubles or even catastrophes. I will be consequently obliged to make a short genealogy of the concept of “security”.</div>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: large;">A Permanent State of Exception</span></h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">One possible way to sketch such a genealogy would be to inscribe its origin and history in the paradigm of the state of exception. In this perspective, we could trace it back to the Roman principle <i>Salus publica suprema lex –</i> public safety is the highest law — and connect it with Roman dictatorship, with the canonistic principle that <i>necessity does not acknowledge any law,</i> with the <i>comités de salut publique </i>during French revolution and finally with article 48 of the Weimar republic, which was the juridical ground for the Nazi regime. Such a genealogy is certainly correct, but I do not think that it could really explain the functioning of the security apparatuses and measures which are familiar to us.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">While the state of exception was originally conceived as a provisional measure, which was meant to cope with an immediate danger in order to restore the normal situation, the security reasons constitute today a permanent technology of government. When in 2003 I published a book in which I tried to show precisely how  the state of exception was becoming in Western democracies a normal system of  government, I could not imagine that my diagnosis would prove so accurate. The only clear precedent was the Nazi regime. When Hitler took power in February 1933, he immediately proclaimed a decree suspending the articles of the Weimar constitution concerning personal liberties. The decree was never revoked, so that the entire Third Reich can be considered as a state of exception which lasted twelve years.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">What is happening today is still different. A formal state of exception is not declared and we see instead that vague non-juridical notions –like the security reasons — are used to install a stable state of creeping and fictitious emergency without any clearly identifiable danger. An example of such non-juridical notions which are used as emergency producing factors is the concept of crisis. Besides the juridical meaning of judgment in a trial, two semantic traditions converge in the history of this term which, as is evident for you, comes from the greek verb <i>crino</i>; a medical and a theological one. In the medical tradition, <i>crisis</i> means the moment in which the doctor has to judge, to decide if the patient will die or survive. The day or the days in which this decision is taken are called <i>crisimoi</i>, the decisive days. In theology<i>, crisis</i> is the Last Judgment pronounced by Christ in the end of times.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">As you can see, what is essential in both traditions is the connection with a certain moment in time. In the present usage of the term, it is precisely this connection which is abolished. The crisis, the judgement, is split from its temporal index and coincides now with the chronological course of time, so that — not only in economics and politics — but in every aspect of social life, the crisis coincides with normality and becomes, in this way, just a tool of government. Consequently, the capability to decide once for all disappears and the continuous decision-making process decides nothing. To state it in paradoxical terms, we could say that, having to face a continuous state of exception, the government tends to take the form of a perpetual <i>coup d’état</i>. By the way, this paradox would be an accurate description of what happens here in Greece as well as in Italy, where to govern means to make a continuous series of small <i>coups d’état</i>.</div>
<h2><span style="font-size: large;">Governing the Effects</span></h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">This is why I think that, in order to understand the peculiar governmentality under which we live, the paradigm of the state of exception is not entirely adequate. I will therefore follow Michel Foucault’s suggestion and investigate the origin of the concept of security in the beginning of modern economy, by François Quesnais and the Physiocrates, whose influence on modern governmentality could not be overestimated. Starting with Westphalia treaty, the great absolutist European states begin to introduce in their political discourse the idea that the sovereign has to take care of its subjects’ security. But Quesnay is the first to establish security (<i>sureté</i>) as the central notion in the theory of government — and this in a very peculiar way.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">One of the main problems governments had to cope with at the time was the problem of famines. Before Quesnay, the usual methodology was trying to prevent famines through the creation of public granaries and forbidding the exportation of cereals. Both these measures had negative effects on the production. Quesnay’s idea was to reverse the process: instead of trying to prevent famines, he decided to let them happen and to be able to govern them once they occurred, liberalizing both internal and foreign exchanges. “To govern” retains here its etymological cybernetic meaning: a good <i>kybernes</i>, a good pilot can’t avoid tempests, but if a tempest occures he must be able to govern his boat, using the force of waves and winds for navigation. This is the meaning of the famous motto <i>laisser faire, laissez passer</i>: it is not only the catchword of economic liberalism; it is a paradigm of government, which conceives of security (<i>sureté</i>, in Quesnay’s words) not as the prevention of troubles, but rather as the ability to govern and guide them in the good direction once they take place.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">We should not neglect the philosophical implications of this reversal. It means an epochal transformation in the very idea of government, which overturns the traditional hierarchical relation between causes and effects. <i>Since governing the causes is difficult and expensive, it is safer and more useful to try to govern the effects. </i>I would suggest that this theorem by Quesnay is the axiom of modern governmentality. The <i>ancien regime</i> aimed to rule the causes; modernity pretends to control the effects. And this axiom applies to every domain, from economy to ecology, from foreign and military politics to the internal measures of police. We must realize that European governments today gave up any attempt to rule the causes, they only want to govern the effects. And Quesnay’s theorem makes also understandable a fact which seems otherwise inexplicable: I mean the paradoxical convergence today of an absolutely liberal paradigm in the economy with an unprecedented and equally absolute paradigm of state and police control. If government aims for the effects and not the causes, it will be obliged to extend and multiply control. Causes demand to be known, while effects can only be checked and controlled.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">One important sphere in which the axiom is operative is that of biometrical security apparatuses, which increasingly pervade every aspect of social life. When biometrical technologies first appeared in 18th century in France with Alphonse Bertillon and in England with Francis Galton, the inventor of finger prints, they were obviously not meant to prevent crimes but only to recognize recidivist delinquents. Only once a second crime has occurred, you can use the biometrical data to identify the offender. Biometrical technologies, which had been invented for recividist criminals, remained for a long time their exclusive privilege. In 1943, US Congress still refused the <i>Citizen Identification Act, </i>which was meant to introduce for every citizen an Identity Card with finger prints. But according to a sort of fatality or unwritten law of modernity, the technologies which have been invented for animals, for criminals, strangers or Jews, will finally be extended to all human beings. Therefore, in the course of 20th century, biometric technologies have been applied to all citizens, and Bertillon’s identification photographs and Galton’s fingerprints are currently in use everywhere for ID cards.</div>
<h2><span style="font-size: large;">The De-politicization of Citizenship</span></h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">But the extreme step has been taken only in our days and it is still in the process of full realization. The development of new digital technologies, with optical scanners which can easily record not only finger prints but also the retina or the eye’s iris structure, biometrical apparatuses tend to move beyond the police stations and immigration offices and spread into everyday life. In many countries, the access to student’s restaurants or even to schools is controlled by a biometric apparatus on which the student just puts his or her hand. The European industries in this field, which are quickly growing, recommend that citizens get used to this kind of control from their early youth. The phenomenon is really disturbing, because the European Commissions for the development of security (like the ESPR, European Security Research Program) include among their permanent members the representatives of the big industries in the field, which are just the old armaments producers like Thales, Finmeccanica, EADS et BAE System, that have converted to the security business.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It is easy to imagine the dangers represented by a power that could have at its disposal the unlimited biometric and genetic information of all its citizens. With such a power at hand, the extermination of the Jews, which was undertaken on the basis of incomparably less efficient documentation, would have been total and incredibly swift. But I will not dwell on this important aspect of the security problem. The reflections I would like to share with you concern rather the transformation of political identity and of political relationships that are involved in security technologies. This transformation is so extreme that we can legitimately ask not only if the society in which we live is still a democratic one, but also if this society can still be considered <i>political</i>.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Christian Meier has shown how in the 5th century a transformation of the conceptualization of the political took place in Athens, which was grounded on what he calls a “politicization” (<i>politisierung</i>) of citizenship. While until that moment the fact of belonging to the<i> polis</i> was defined by a number of conditions and social statuses of different kind — for instance belonging to nobility or to a certain cultural community, to be a peasant or merchant, a member of a certain family, etc. — from now on citizenship became the main criterion of social identity.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">“The result was a specifically Greek conception of citizenship, in which the fact that men had to behave as citizens found an institutional  form. The belonging to economic or religious communities was removed to a secondary rank. The citizens of a democracy considered themselves as members of the <i>polis</i> only in so far as they devoted themselves to a political life. <i>Polis</i> and <i>politeia</i>, city and citizenship, constituted and defined one another. Citizenship became in that way a form of life, by means of which the <i>polis</i> constituted itself in a domain clearly distinct from the<i> oikos</i>, the house. Politics became therefore a free public space as such opposed to the private space, which was the reign of necessity.” According to Meier, this specifically Greek process of politicization was transmitted to Western politics, where citizenship remained the decisive element.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The hypothesis I would like to propose to you is that this fundamental political factor has entered an irrevocable process that we can only define as a process of increasing <i>de</i>-politicization. What was in the beginning a way of living, an essentially and irreducibly active condition, has now become a purely passive juridical status, in which action and inaction, the private and the public are progressively blurred and become indistinguishable. This process of the de-politicization of citizenship is so evident that I will not dwell on it.</div>
<h2><span style="font-size: large;">Rise of the State of Control</span></h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">I will rather try to show how the paradigm of security and the security apparatuses have played a decisive role in this process. The growing extension to citizens of technologies which were conceived for criminals inevitably has consequences for the political identity of the citizen. For the first time in the history of humanity, identity is no longer a function of the social personality and its recognition by others, but rather a function of biological data, which cannot bear any relation to it, like the arabesques of the fingerprints or the disposition of the genes in the double helix of DNA. The most neutral and private thing becomes the decisive factor of social identity, which loses therefore its public character.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">If my identity is now determined by biological facts that in no way depend on my will and over which I have no control, then the construction of something like a political and ethical identity becomes problematic. What relationship can I establish with my fingerprints or my genetic code? The new identity is an identity without the person, as it were, in which the space of politics and ethics loses its sense and must be thought again from the ground up. While the classical Greek citizen was defined through the opposition between the private and the public, the <i>oikos</i> , which is the place of reproductive life, and the <i>polis</i>, place of political action, the modern citizen seems rather to move in a zone of indifference between the private and the public, or, to quote Hobbes’ terms, the physical and the political body.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The materialization in space of this zone of indifference is the video surveillance of the streets and the squares of our cities. Here again an apparatus that had been conceived for the prisons has been extended to public places. But it is evident that a video-recorded place is no more an <i>agora </i>and becomes a hybrid of public and private; a zone of indifference between the prison and the forum. This transformation of the political space is certainly a complex phenomenon that involves a multiplicity of causes, and among them the birth of biopower holds a special place. The primacy of the biological identity over the political identity is certainly linked to the politicization of bare life in modern states.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">But one should never forget that the leveling of social identity on body identity begun with the attempt to identify the recidivist criminals. We should not be astonished if today the normal relationship between the state and its citizens is defined by suspicion, police filing and control. The unspoken principle which rules our society can be stated like this: <i>every citizen is a potential terrorist.</i> But what is a state ruled by such a principle? Can we still define it as democratic state? Can we even consider it as something political? In what kind of state do we live today?</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">You will probably know that Michel Foucault, in his book <i>Surveiller et Punir </i>and in his courses at the <i>Collège de France</i>, sketched a typological classification of modern states. He shows how the state of the <i>Ancien Regime</i>, which he calls the territorial or sovereign state and whose motto was <i>faire mourir et laisser vivre</i>, evolves progressively into a population state and into a disciplinary state, whose motto reverses now into <i>faire vivre et laisser mourir</i>, as it will take care of the citizen’s life in order to produce healthy, well-ordered and manageable bodies.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The state in which we live now is no more a disciplinary state. Gilles Deleuze suggested to call it the <i>État de contrôle</i>, or control state, because what it wants is not to order and to impose discipline but rather to manage and to control. Deleuze’s definition is correct, because management and control do not necessarily coincide with order and discipline. No one has told it so clearly as the Italian police officer, who, after the Genoa riots in July 2001 declared that the government did not want for the police to maintain order but for it to <i>manage disorder</i>.</div>
<h2><span style="font-size: large;">From Politics to Policing</span></h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">American political scientists who have tried to analyze the constitutional transformation involved in the <i>Patriot Act </i>and in the other laws which followed September 2001 prefer to speak of a <i>security state.</i> But what does security here mean? It is during the French Revolution that the notion of security – <i>sureté</i>, as they used to say — is linked to the definition of <i>police</i>. The laws of March 16, 1791 and August 11, 1792 introduced thus into French legislation the notion of <i>police de sureté</i> (security police), which was doomed to have a long history in modernity. If you read the debates which preceded the vote on these laws you will see that police and security define one another, but no one among the speakers (Brissot, Heraut de Séchelle, Gensonné) is able to define police or security by themselves.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The debates focused on the situation of the police with respect to justice and judicial power. Gensonné maintains that they are “two separate and distinct powers,” yet, while the function of the judicial power is clear, it is impossible to define the role of the police. An analysis of the debate shows that the place and function of the police is undecidable and must remain undecidable, because, if it were really absorbed in the judicial power, the police could no more exist. This is the discretionary power which still today defines the actions of police officer, who, in a concrete situation of danger for the public security act, so to speak, as a sovereign. But, even when he exerts this discretionary power, the policeman does not really take a decision, nor prepares, as is usually stated, the judge’s decision. Every decision concerns the causes, while the police acts on effects, which are by definition undecidable.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The name of this undecidable element is no more today, like it was in 17th century, <i>raison d’État</i>, or state reason. It is rather “security reasons”. The security state is a police state, but, again, in the juridical theory, the police is a kind of black hole. All we can say is that when the so called “science of the police” first appears in the 18th century, the “police” is brought back to its etymology from the Greek <i>politeia</i> and opposed as such to “politics”. But it is surprising to see that “police” coincides now with the true political function, while the term politics is reserved for foreign policy. Thus Von Justi, in his treatise on <i>Policey-Wissenschaft</i>, calls <i>Politik</i> the relationship of a state with other states, while he calls <i>Polizei</i> the relationship of a state with itself. It is worthwhile to reflect upon this definition: “Police is the relationship of a state with itself.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The hypothesis I would like to suggest here is that, placing itself under the sign of security, the modern state has left the domain of politics to enter a no man’s land, whose geography and whose borders are still unknown. The security state, whose name seems to refer to an absence of cares <i>(securus</i> from <i>sine cura</i>) should, on the contrary, make us worry about the dangers it involves for democracy, because in it political life has become impossible, while democracy means precisely the possibility of a political life.</div>
<h2><span style="font-size: large;">Rediscovering a Form-of-Life</span></h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">But I would like to conclude — or better to simply stop my lecture (in philosophy, like in art, no conclusion is possible, you can only abandon your work) — with something which, as far as I can see now, is perhaps the most urgent political problem. If the state we have in front of us is the security state I described, we have to think anew the traditional strategies of political conflicts. What shall we do, what strategy shall we follow?</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">The security paradigm implies that each form of dissent, each more or less violent attempt to overthrow the order, becomes an opportunity to govern these actions into a profitable direction. This is evident in the dialectics that tightly bind together terrorism and state in an endless vicious spiral. Starting with French Revolution, the political tradition of modernity has conceived of radical changes in the form of a revolutionary process that acts as the <i>pouvoir constituant</i>, the “constituent power”, of a new institutional order. I think that we have to abandon this paradigm and try to think something as a <i>puissance destituante,</i> a purely “destituent power”, that cannot be captured in the spiral of security.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">It is a destituent power of this sort that Benjamin has in mind in his essay <i>On the Critique of Violence</i>, when he tries to define a pure violence which could “break the false dialectics of lawmaking violence and law-preserving violence,” an example of which is Sorel’s proletarian general strike. “On the breaking of this cycle,” he writes at the end of the essay “maintained by mythic forms of law, on the destitution of law with all the forces on which it depends, finally therefore on the abolition of state power, a new historical epoch is founded.” While a constituent power destroys law only to recreate it in a new form, destituent power — insofar as it deposes once for all the law — can open a really new historical epoch.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">To think such a purely destituent power is not an easy task. Benjamin wrote once that nothing is so anarchical as the bourgeois order. In the same sense, Pasolini in his last movie has one of the four Salò masters saying to their slaves: “true anarchy is the anarchy of power.” It is precisely because power constitutes itself through the inclusion and the capture of anarchy and anomy that it is so difficult to have an immediate access to these dimensions; it is so hard to think today of something as a true anarchy or a true anomy. I think that a praxis which would succeed in exposing clearly the anarchy and the anomy captured in the governmental security technologies could act as a purely destituent power. A really new political dimension becomes possible only when we grasp and depose the anarchy and the anomy of power. But this is not only a theoretical task: it means first of all the rediscovery of a form-of-life, the access to a new figure of that political life whose memory the security state tries at any price to cancel.</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><b><i>Giorgio Agamben </i></b><i>is a leading continental philosopher best known for his work on the concepts of the state of exception, form-of-life and homo sacer.</i></div>
<p>The post <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr/2014/02/06/the-talk-of-giorgio-agamben-in-athens-from-the-state-of-control-to-a-praxis-of-destituent-power/">The talk of Giorgio Agamben in Athens: &#8220;From the State of Control to a Praxis of Destituent Power&#8221;</a> appeared first on <a href="https://voidnetwork.gr">Void Network</a>.</p>
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